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No files matched your search
+1
-1
@@ -666,7 +666,7 @@ update:
|
||||
@echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
|
||||
@echo ">>> Updating ${.CURDIR} from cvs repository" ${CVSROOT}
|
||||
@echo "--------------------------------------------------------------"
|
||||
cd ${.CURDIR}; ${CVS} -R -q update -rRELENG_5 -P -d
|
||||
cd ${.CURDIR}; ${CVS} -R -q update -rRELENG_5_3 -P -d
|
||||
.endif
|
||||
|
||||
#
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
|
||||
/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
|
||||
portupgrade. Important recent entries: 20040724 (default X changes).
|
||||
|
||||
20041104:
|
||||
FreeBSD 5.3-RELEASE
|
||||
|
||||
20041010:
|
||||
The FreeBSD keyword is no longer a requirement for a valid
|
||||
rc.d script. The rc(8) and rc.shutdown(8) scripts no longer check
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ gbde_lockdir="/etc" # Where to look for gbde lockfiles
|
||||
gbde_swap_enable="NO" # Set to YES to automatically initialize gbde swap
|
||||
# devices listed in fstab with a random one-shot key
|
||||
|
||||
root_rw_mount="YES" # Set to NO to inhibit remounting root read-write.
|
||||
fsck_y_enable="NO" # Set to YES to do fsck -y if the initial preen fails.
|
||||
background_fsck="YES" # Attempt to run fsck in the background where possible.
|
||||
background_fsck_delay="60" # Time to wait (seconds) before starting the fsck.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1162,6 +1162,8 @@
|
||||
Africa
|
||||
..
|
||||
America
|
||||
Argentina
|
||||
..
|
||||
Indiana
|
||||
..
|
||||
Kentucky
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
|
||||
.ds doc-str-Lb-libvgl Video Graphics Library (libvgl, \-lvgl)
|
||||
.
|
||||
.\" Default .Os value
|
||||
.ds doc-default-operating-system FreeBSD\~5.2
|
||||
.ds doc-default-operating-system FreeBSD\~5.3
|
||||
.
|
||||
.\" FreeBSD releases not found in doc-common
|
||||
.\" .ds doc-operating-system-FreeBSD-5.4 5.4
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ ok:
|
||||
popq %rdi
|
||||
ret
|
||||
err:
|
||||
addq $8, %rsp
|
||||
#ifdef PIC
|
||||
movq PIC_GOT(HIDENAME(cerror)),%rdx
|
||||
jmp *%rdx
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* Copyright (c) 2004 Marcel Moolenaar
|
||||
* All rights reserved.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
||||
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
||||
* are met:
|
||||
*
|
||||
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
||||
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
||||
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
||||
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
||||
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
||||
*
|
||||
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
|
||||
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
|
||||
* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
|
||||
* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
|
||||
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
|
||||
* NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
|
||||
* DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
|
||||
* THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
|
||||
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
|
||||
* THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
|
||||
*/
|
||||
|
||||
#include <machine/asm.h>
|
||||
__FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
|
||||
|
||||
.text
|
||||
|
||||
/*
|
||||
* Important registers:
|
||||
* r8 structure return address
|
||||
* r15 static link (nested routines)
|
||||
* rp our return address
|
||||
* in0 caller's ar.pfs
|
||||
* in1 caller's gp
|
||||
* in2 caller's rp
|
||||
* in3 GOT entry
|
||||
* ar.pfs our pfs
|
||||
*/
|
||||
ENTRY_NOPROFILE(_mcount, 4)
|
||||
alloc loc0 = ar.pfs, 4, 4, 2, 0
|
||||
mov loc1 = r8
|
||||
mov loc2 = rp
|
||||
mov loc3 = r15
|
||||
;;
|
||||
mov out0 = in2
|
||||
mov out1 = rp
|
||||
br.call.sptk rp = __mcount
|
||||
;;
|
||||
1:
|
||||
mov gp = in1
|
||||
mov r14 = ip
|
||||
mov b7 = loc2
|
||||
;;
|
||||
add r14 = 2f - 1b, r14
|
||||
mov ar.pfs = loc0
|
||||
mov rp = in2
|
||||
;;
|
||||
mov r15 = loc3
|
||||
mov b7 = r14
|
||||
mov b6 = loc2
|
||||
mov r8 = loc1
|
||||
mov r14 = in0
|
||||
br.ret.sptk b7
|
||||
;;
|
||||
2:
|
||||
mov ar.pfs = r14
|
||||
br.sptk b6
|
||||
;;
|
||||
END(_mcount)
|
||||
|
||||
WEAK_ALIAS(mcount, _mcount)
|
||||
+2
-1
@@ -1012,7 +1012,8 @@ doc.1:
|
||||
doc.2:
|
||||
@echo "Making release documentation..."
|
||||
@cd ${.CURDIR}/doc && make all install clean 'FORMATS=html txt' \
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED='' DOCDIR=${RND}
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED='' DOCDIR=${RND} \
|
||||
URLS_ABSOLUTE=YES
|
||||
touch ${.TARGET}
|
||||
|
||||
# Various "subroutine" and other supporting targets.
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -195,6 +195,9 @@
|
||||
driver)
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386">The hptmv(4) driver supports the HighPoint
|
||||
RocketRAID 182x SATA controllers.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
&hwlist.ips;
|
||||
|
||||
&hwlist.mpt;
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@
|
||||
&merged;</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>A bug in <application>OpenSSL</application>'s SSL/TLS
|
||||
ChangeCipherSpec message processing could result in
|
||||
a null pointer dereference, has been fixed.
|
||||
ChangeCipherSpec message processing that could result in
|
||||
a null pointer dereference has been fixed.
|
||||
This could allow a remote attacker to crash an
|
||||
<application>OpenSSL</application>-using
|
||||
application and cause a denial-of-service on the system.
|
||||
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@
|
||||
<para>A programming error in the handling of some IPv6
|
||||
socket options within the &man.setsockopt.2; system call
|
||||
has been fixed. This allows a local attacker to cause a
|
||||
system panic, and may allow to gain unauthorized access to
|
||||
system panic, and may allow unauthorized access to
|
||||
parts of kernel memory, possibly resulting in disclosure
|
||||
of sensitive information, bypass of access control
|
||||
mechanisms, or privilege escalation.
|
||||
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@
|
||||
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:08.heimdal.asc">FreeBSD-SA-04:08</ulink>. &merged;</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>A programming error in <application>CVS</application> which
|
||||
allow the malicious client to overwrite arbitrary portions of
|
||||
could allow a malicious client to overwrite arbitrary portions of
|
||||
the server's memory has been fixed. For more information,
|
||||
see security advisory <ulink
|
||||
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:10.cvs.asc">FreeBSD-SA-04:10</ulink>. &merged;</para>
|
||||
@@ -201,8 +201,8 @@
|
||||
For more information, see security advisory <ulink
|
||||
url="ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:14.cvs.asc">FreeBSD-SA-04:14</ulink>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>A bug in <literal>CONS_SCRSHOT</literal> &man.ioctl.2;
|
||||
has been fixed; it may allow to gain unauthorized access to
|
||||
<para>A bug in the <literal>CONS_SCRSHOT</literal> &man.ioctl.2;
|
||||
has been fixed; it may allow unauthorized access to
|
||||
parts of kernel memory, possibly resulting in disclosure
|
||||
of sensitive information, bypass of access control
|
||||
mechanisms, or privilege escalation.
|
||||
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@
|
||||
the frontend that provides a framework in which multiple, different
|
||||
debugger backends can be configured and which provides
|
||||
basic services to those backends.
|
||||
The following options has been changed:</para>
|
||||
The following options have been changed:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
@@ -337,8 +337,8 @@
|
||||
disables internal MAC Framework synchronization protecting against
|
||||
dynamic load and unload of MAC policies, has been added.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The &man.mac.bsdextended.4; policy now supports to match and
|
||||
apply on a first rule only in place of all rules match.
|
||||
<para>The &man.mac.bsdextended.4; policy can now
|
||||
apply only the first matching rule instead of all matching rules.
|
||||
This feature can be enabled by setting a new sysctl
|
||||
<varname>mac_bsdextended_firstmatch_enabled</varname>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -359,8 +359,9 @@
|
||||
and <filename>/dev/io</filename> are also provided as kernel
|
||||
loadable modules now.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>A bug in &man.mmap.2; that pages marked as <literal>PROT_NONE</literal>
|
||||
may become readable under certain circumstances, has been fixed. &merged;</para>
|
||||
<para>A bug in &man.mmap.2; that could cause pages marked as
|
||||
<literal>PROT_NONE</literal> to become readable under certain
|
||||
circumstances has been fixed. &merged;</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386,pc98">A new kernel option <literal>MP_WATCHDOG</literal>
|
||||
has been added; it
|
||||
@@ -371,7 +372,7 @@
|
||||
processor's idle thread; a callout is launched to reset a timer
|
||||
in the watchdog. If the callout fails to reset the timer for ten seconds,
|
||||
the timeout process will take place. The <varname>debug.watchdog_cpu</varname>
|
||||
sysctl allows to select which CPU will run the watchdog.</para>
|
||||
sysctl selects which CPU will run the watchdog.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386,pc98">A sysctl <varname>debug.leak_schedlock</varname>
|
||||
has been added. This causes a sysctl handler that incorrectly leaks
|
||||
@@ -435,7 +436,7 @@
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The ULE scheduler has been added as an additional scheduler.
|
||||
Note that the conventional one, which is called 4BSD, is still used
|
||||
as the default scheduler in <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel.
|
||||
as the default scheduler in the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel.
|
||||
For the average user,
|
||||
interactivity is reported to be better in many cases. This
|
||||
means less <quote>skipping</quote> and <quote>jerking</quote> in
|
||||
@@ -515,7 +516,7 @@
|
||||
LEDs on ASUSTek laptops.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386">The &man.acpi.panasonic.4; driver has been added
|
||||
to support hot keys of Panasonic laptops. It now supports
|
||||
to support hot keys on Panasonic laptops. It now supports
|
||||
Let's note (or Toughbook, outside Japan) CF-R1N, CF-R2A, and
|
||||
CF-R3.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -524,7 +525,7 @@
|
||||
certain hardware features on Toshiba laptops, such as
|
||||
video output switching.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The &man.acpi.video.4; driver has been added to provide
|
||||
<para>The &man.acpi.video.4; driver has been added to
|
||||
control display switching and backlight brightness using the
|
||||
ACPI Video Extensions.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -567,10 +568,10 @@
|
||||
It is currently non-functional, and would require some amount of work
|
||||
to make it work under the &man.geom.4; API in 5-CURRENT.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>An entry of the &man.pcic.4; driver has been removed from a
|
||||
kernel configuration file for <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel because
|
||||
this is no longer maintained. The entry had actually
|
||||
been commented out for a long time.</para>
|
||||
<para>The &man.pcic.4; driver is no longer maintained and has been
|
||||
removed from the <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel
|
||||
configuration file.
|
||||
The entry had actually been commented out for a long time.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386">The &man.psm.4; driver and &man.moused.8;
|
||||
now support the Synaptics TouchPad.</para>
|
||||
@@ -625,17 +626,18 @@
|
||||
controllers, and the <devicename>wt</devicename> driver for Archive/Wangtek cartridge tapes.
|
||||
They are currently non-functional, and would require a considerable
|
||||
amount of work to make them work under the new API in 5-CURRENT.
|
||||
The userland support such as related ioctls and utilities including
|
||||
<devicename>sasc</devicename> and <devicename>sgsc</devicename>
|
||||
has also been removed.</para>
|
||||
The userland support, such as related ioctls and utilities
|
||||
including <devicename>sasc</devicename> and
|
||||
<devicename>sgsc</devicename>, has also been removed.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The device driver infrastructure (as well as many drivers)
|
||||
have been updated. Among the changes: Many more drivers now use
|
||||
<para>The device driver infrastructure and many drivers
|
||||
have been updated. Among the changes: many more drivers now use
|
||||
automatically-assigned major numbers (instead of the old static
|
||||
major numbers). Enhanced functions to support cloning of
|
||||
pseudo-devices. Several changes to the driver API, including a
|
||||
major numbers); enhanced functions have been added to support
|
||||
cloning of pseudo-devices; several changes have been made to the
|
||||
driver API, including a
|
||||
new <varname>d_version</varname> field in <varname>struct
|
||||
cdevsw</varname>. Note that third-party device drivers will
|
||||
cdevsw</varname>. Note that third-party device drivers will
|
||||
require recompiling after this change.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect4 id="mm">
|
||||
@@ -646,15 +648,15 @@
|
||||
breakage and lack of maintainership.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Direct Rendering Manager (DRM) code has been updated
|
||||
from the DRI Project CVS tree as of 26 May, 2004. This update
|
||||
from the DRI Project CVS tree as of 26 May 2004. This update
|
||||
includes new PCI IDs and a new packet for Radeon.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The drivers for various sound cards has been reorganized;
|
||||
<para>The drivers for various sound cards have been reorganized;
|
||||
<literal>device sound</literal> is the generic sound driver,
|
||||
and <literal>device snd_*</literal> are device-specific sound drivers now.
|
||||
The <devicename>midi</devicename> driver, which supports serial port
|
||||
and several sound cards, has been removed.
|
||||
More details can be found in related manual pages:
|
||||
More details can be found in the related manual pages:
|
||||
&man.sound.4;, &man.snd.ad1816.4;, &man.snd.als4000.4;, &man.snd.cmi.4;,
|
||||
&man.snd.cs4281.4;, &man.snd.csa.4;, &man.snd.ds1.4;, &man.snd.emu10k1.4;,
|
||||
&man.snd.es137x.4;, &man.snd.gusc.4;, &man.snd.maestro3.4;,
|
||||
@@ -673,16 +675,17 @@
|
||||
<title>Network Interface Support</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386">The &man.arl.4; driver, which supports
|
||||
Aironet Arlan 655 wireless adapters has been added. &merged;</para>
|
||||
Aironet Arlan 655 wireless adapters, has been added. &merged;</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="sparc64">The &man.dc.4; driver now supports sparc64
|
||||
Davicom cards that store their MAC address in
|
||||
Open Firmware.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>A short hiccup in the &man.em.4; driver during parameter
|
||||
reconfiguration, has been fixed. &merged;</para>
|
||||
reconfiguration has been fixed. &merged;</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The &man.fwip.4; driver, which supports IP over FireWire has been added.
|
||||
<para>The &man.fwip.4; driver, which supports IP over FireWire,
|
||||
has been added.
|
||||
Note that currently the broadcast channel number is hardwired and
|
||||
MCAP for multicast channel allocation is not supported.
|
||||
This driver is intended to conform to the RFC 2734 and RFC 3146
|
||||
@@ -757,7 +760,7 @@
|
||||
support for USB Ethernet adapters based on the Davicom DM9601
|
||||
chipset.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.vge.4; driver, which supports
|
||||
<para>The &man.vge.4; driver, which supports
|
||||
the VIA Networking Technologies
|
||||
VT6122 Gigabit Ethernet chip and integrated 10/100/1000 copper PHY,
|
||||
has been added.</para>
|
||||
@@ -799,12 +802,12 @@
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.ipfw.4; rules now support the <literal>antispoof</literal>
|
||||
option to verify if incoming packet's source address belongs to
|
||||
a directly connected network. If the network is directly
|
||||
connected, then the interface the packet came on in is compared to
|
||||
the interface the network is connected to. When incoming interface
|
||||
and directly connected interface are not the same, the packet does
|
||||
not match. For example:
|
||||
option to verify that an incoming packet's source address belongs
|
||||
to a directly connected network. If the network is directly
|
||||
connected, then the interface on which the packet came in is
|
||||
compared to the interface to which the network is connected.
|
||||
When the incoming interface and the directly connected interface
|
||||
are not the same, the packet does not match. For example:
|
||||
|
||||
<programlisting>deny ip from any to any not antispoof in</programlisting>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
@@ -826,12 +829,13 @@
|
||||
to enable it.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>A new sysctl <varname>net.inet.ip.process_options</varname>
|
||||
has been added
|
||||
to control the processing of IP options. When this sysctl
|
||||
is set to <literal>0</literal> IP options are ignored and passed unmodified,
|
||||
set to <literal>1</literal> all IP options are processed (default),
|
||||
and set to <literal>2</literal> all packets with
|
||||
IP options are rejected with an ICMP filter prohibited message,
|
||||
respectively.</para>
|
||||
is set to <literal>0</literal>, IP options are ignored and passed
|
||||
unmodified;
|
||||
set to <literal>1</literal>, all IP options are processed (default);
|
||||
and set to <literal>2</literal>, all packets with
|
||||
IP options are rejected with an ICMP filter prohibited message.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Some bugs in the IPsec implementation from the KAME
|
||||
Project have been fixed. These bugs were related to freeing
|
||||
@@ -841,8 +845,8 @@
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.natd.8; now supports multiple instances via
|
||||
a new option <option>globalports</option>.
|
||||
This allows &man.natd.8; to be bound to
|
||||
different network interfaces and sharing of load.</para>
|
||||
This allows &man.natd.8; to bind to
|
||||
different network interfaces and share load.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The &man.ng.atmllc.4; Netgraph node type, which handles
|
||||
RFC 1483 ATM LLC encapsulation, has been added.</para>
|
||||
@@ -893,7 +897,7 @@
|
||||
<para>The following TCP features are now enabled by default: RFC
|
||||
3042 (Limited Retransmit), RFC 3390 (increased initial
|
||||
congestion window sizes), TCP bandwidth-delay product
|
||||
limiting. A set of sysctls <varname>net.inet.tcp.rfc3042</varname>,
|
||||
limiting. The sysctls <varname>net.inet.tcp.rfc3042</varname>,
|
||||
<varname>net.inet.tcp.rfc3390</varname>, and
|
||||
<varname>net.inet.tcp.inflight.enable</varname>
|
||||
for these features are available.
|
||||
@@ -927,7 +931,7 @@
|
||||
increments between clock ticks so that ISNs will always
|
||||
be increasing, no matter how quickly the port is recycled.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The random ephemeral port allocation, which come from OpenBSD
|
||||
<para>The random ephemeral port allocation, which comes from OpenBSD,
|
||||
has been implemented. This is enabled by default and can be disabled
|
||||
by using the <varname>net.inet.ip.portrange.randomized</varname>
|
||||
sysctl. &merged;</para>
|
||||
@@ -956,8 +960,8 @@
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>This also adds preliminary support for the
|
||||
Promise SX4/SX4000 as a <quote>normal</quote> Promise ATA
|
||||
controller; ATA RAID's are supported though
|
||||
but only RAID0, RAID1 and RAID0+1.</para>
|
||||
controller; ATA RAID's are supported,
|
||||
but only RAID0, RAID1, and RAID0+1.</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1003,7 +1007,7 @@
|
||||
<para>GEOM Gate, which consists of a new <literal>GEOM_GATE</literal>
|
||||
&man.geom.4; class and several GEOM Gate userland utilities
|
||||
(&man.ggatel.8;, &man.ggatec.8;,
|
||||
and &man.ggated.8;) has been added. It supports exporting
|
||||
and &man.ggated.8;), has been added. It supports exporting
|
||||
devices, including non &man.geom.4;-aware devices,
|
||||
through the network.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1019,7 +1023,7 @@
|
||||
<filename>GENERIC</filename> by default.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>A new <literal>GEOM_MIRROR</literal> &man.geom.4; class to support
|
||||
which supports RAID1 functionality, has been added.
|
||||
RAID1 functionality has been added.
|
||||
The &man.gmirror.8; utility can be used for control
|
||||
of this class.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1039,13 +1043,14 @@
|
||||
has been fixed.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386">The &man.twa.4; driver, which supports
|
||||
3ware's 9000 series PATA/SATA RAID controllers has been added. &merged;</para>
|
||||
3ware's 9000 series PATA/SATA RAID controllers, has been added.
|
||||
&merged;</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The &man.umass.4; driver now supports the missing
|
||||
ATAPI MMC commands and handles the timeout properly. &merged;</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The &man.vinum.4; volume manager, has been updated to use
|
||||
&man.geom.4;, the 5.x disk I/O request transformation framework.
|
||||
<para>The &man.vinum.4; volume manager has been updated to use the
|
||||
&man.geom.4; disk I/O request transformation framework.
|
||||
A <command>gvinum</command> userland utility has been added.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="sparc64">The &man.esp.4; device driver has been
|
||||
@@ -1094,11 +1099,11 @@
|
||||
<title>Contributed Software</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <application>ALTQ framework</application>
|
||||
has been imported from a KAME snapshot as of 7 June, 2004.
|
||||
has been imported from a KAME snapshot as of 7 June 2004.
|
||||
This import breaks ABI compatibility of
|
||||
<varname>struct ifnet</varname> and requires all network
|
||||
drives to be recompiled.
|
||||
Additionally some of the networking drivers have been
|
||||
Additionally, some of the networking drivers have been
|
||||
modified to support the ALTQ framework.
|
||||
Updated drivers are &man.bfe.4;, &man.em.4;, &man.fxp.4;,
|
||||
&man.em.4;, &man.lnc.4;, &man.tun.4;, &man.de.4;,
|
||||
@@ -1125,7 +1130,7 @@
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.bsdtar.1; is now the default &man.tar.1; utility in the &os;
|
||||
base system. <filename>/usr/bin/tar</filename>
|
||||
has been a symlink pointing to
|
||||
is a symlink pointing to
|
||||
<filename>/usr/bin/bsdtar</filename> by default.
|
||||
To return to using <filename>/usr/bin/gtar</filename> by
|
||||
default, the <varname>WITH_GTAR</varname>
|
||||
@@ -1142,12 +1147,12 @@
|
||||
<para>&man.conscontrol.8; now supports
|
||||
<literal>set</literal> and <literal>unset</literal>
|
||||
commands which set/unset the virtual console.
|
||||
<literal>unset</literal> makes outputs from the system, such as
|
||||
the kernel &man.printf.9;, always go out to the real
|
||||
<literal>unset</literal> makes output from the system, such as
|
||||
the kernel &man.printf.9;, always go to the real
|
||||
main console. This is an interface to the tty ioctl
|
||||
<literal>TIOCCONS</literal>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The &man.cron.8 daemon now accepts two new options,
|
||||
<para>The &man.cron.8 daemon accepts two new options,
|
||||
<option>-j</option> and <option>-J</option>, to enable
|
||||
time jitter for jobs to run as unprivileged users and the
|
||||
superuser, respectively. Time jitter means that &man.cron.8
|
||||
@@ -1156,11 +1161,11 @@
|
||||
smooth load peaks appearing when a lot of jobs are scheduled
|
||||
for a particular moment. &merged;</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.cut.1; <option>-c</option>,
|
||||
<option>-d</option>, and <option>-f</option>
|
||||
<para>&man.cut.1;'s <option>-c</option>,
|
||||
<option>-d</option>, and <option>-f</option> options
|
||||
now work correctly in locales with multibyte characters.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.cvs.1; now supports <option>iso8601</option>
|
||||
<para>&man.cvs.1; now supports an <option>iso8601</option>
|
||||
option keyword to print dates in ISO 8601 format.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.daemon.8; now supports a <option>-p</option>
|
||||
@@ -1201,7 +1206,7 @@
|
||||
&man.fdread.1; utilities now work on &os;/pc98.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.fgetwln.3; function, a wide character version of
|
||||
&man.fgetln.3; has been added.</para>
|
||||
&man.fgetln.3;, has been added.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The &man.find.1; utility now supports a <option>-acl</option>
|
||||
primary to locate files with &man.acl.3;.</para>
|
||||
@@ -1213,12 +1218,12 @@
|
||||
&merged;</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.ftpd.8; now opens a socket for a data transfer
|
||||
in active mode using effective UID of the current user,
|
||||
in active mode using the effective UID of the current user,
|
||||
not <username>root</username>. This is useful for matching anonymous FTP data
|
||||
traffic with a single &man.ipfw.8; rule with <literal>uid</literal>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The &man.ftw.3; and &man.nftw.3; functions have been implemented.
|
||||
These are used to traverse a directory hierarchy.</para>
|
||||
<para>The &man.ftw.3; and &man.nftw.3; functions
|
||||
to traverse a directory hierarchy have been implemented.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The &man.geom.8; utility for operating on &man.geom.4; classes
|
||||
from the userland has been added.</para>
|
||||
@@ -1229,7 +1234,7 @@
|
||||
which allows the user to specify
|
||||
the partition number of a new partition.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The &man.id.1; now supports a <option>-M</option> option
|
||||
<para>&man.id.1; now supports a <option>-M</option> option
|
||||
to print the MAC label of the current process.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.ifconfig.8; now supports renaming of network interfaces
|
||||
@@ -1260,7 +1265,7 @@
|
||||
to fix problem when non-8 space tabs are used.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.ip6fw.8; now supports a <option>-n</option> flag to
|
||||
stop it from making any changes to the rules in the kernel</para>
|
||||
stop it from making any changes to the rules in the kernel.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.ipcs.1; now supports a <option>-u</option> option to
|
||||
display information about IPC mechanisms owned by the specified
|
||||
@@ -1271,7 +1276,7 @@
|
||||
the rule body.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.jail.8; now supports a <option>-U</option> option to
|
||||
run command as a user which exists only in the &man.jail.2;
|
||||
run a command as a user which exists only in the &man.jail.2;
|
||||
environment.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.jail.8; now supports a <option>-l</option> option to
|
||||
@@ -1279,7 +1284,7 @@
|
||||
except for <varname>HOME</varname>, <varname>SHELL</varname>,
|
||||
<varname>PATH</varname>, <varname>TERM</varname>, and
|
||||
<varname>USER</varname> before running the jailed program under
|
||||
specific user's credentials. This behavior is similar to that
|
||||
a specific user's credentials. This behavior is similar to that
|
||||
provided by the &man.su.1; <option>-l</option>
|
||||
option.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1348,20 +1353,20 @@
|
||||
variable can be used to force M:N mode (using process scope
|
||||
threads). For example:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>LIBPTHREAD_SYSTEM_SCOPE=yes <replaceable>threaded_app</replaceable></userinput></screen>
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>env LIBPTHREAD_SYSTEM_SCOPE=yes <replaceable>threaded_app</replaceable></userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>forces the application <replaceable>threaded_app</replaceable> to use
|
||||
system scope threads, and</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>LIBPTHREAD_PROCESS_SCOPE=yes <replaceable>threaded_app</replaceable></userinput></screen>
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.user; <userinput>env LIBPTHREAD_PROCESS_SCOPE=yes <replaceable>threaded_app</replaceable></userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>forces it to use process scope threads, respectively.</para>
|
||||
<para>forces it to use process scope threads.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>A bug in the <option>-d</option> option of &man.look.1;
|
||||
has been fixed. Also, &man.look.1; now works correctly in
|
||||
locales with multibyte characters.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.ls.1; now treat filenames as multibyte character strings
|
||||
<para>&man.ls.1; now treats filenames as multibyte character strings
|
||||
according to the current <varname>LC_CTYPE</varname>
|
||||
when determining which characters are printable.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1395,11 +1400,11 @@
|
||||
<para>The GNU extensions of &man.mbsnrtowcs.3;
|
||||
and &man.wcsnrtombs.3; have been implemented.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.newsyslog.8; now allows the users to set
|
||||
<para>&man.newsyslog.8; now allows users to set
|
||||
a debugging option via the <filename>newsyslog.conf</filename>
|
||||
file.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.newsyslog.8; now uses a new order when processing
|
||||
<para>&man.newsyslog.8; uses a new order when processing
|
||||
files to rotate. It first rotates all files that need
|
||||
to be rotated, then sends a single signal to each process
|
||||
which needs to be signaled, and finally compresses
|
||||
@@ -1523,7 +1528,7 @@
|
||||
<para>The &man.sdpd.8; Bluetooth Service Discovery Protocol daemon
|
||||
has been added.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.sed.1; <literal>y</literal> (translate) command
|
||||
<para>&man.sed.1;'s <literal>y</literal> (translate) command
|
||||
now supports multibyte characters.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The &man.sha1.1; and &man.rmd160.1; utilities have been added.
|
||||
@@ -1540,9 +1545,9 @@
|
||||
<option>-h</option> to print the label in human readable
|
||||
size/offset format.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.talk.1; now use <hostid>localhost</hostid>
|
||||
<para>&man.talk.1; now uses <hostid>localhost</hostid>
|
||||
as a default machine name in &man.talkd.8;
|
||||
request packets, when the destination and source are local.
|
||||
request packets when the destination and source are local.
|
||||
This makes &man.talk.1; dependent on a valid host entry
|
||||
for <hostid>localhost</hostid> in <filename>/etc/hosts</filename>
|
||||
or the DNS.</para>
|
||||
@@ -1551,7 +1556,7 @@
|
||||
a <option>-w</option> option allows new files to be created,
|
||||
and a <option>-U</option> option allows the umask to be set.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.top.1; now supports to display the current amount
|
||||
<para>&man.top.1; can now display the current amount
|
||||
of I/O. This feature can be enabled by hitting <quote>m</quote>
|
||||
or passing the command line option <option>-m io</option>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1571,25 +1576,25 @@
|
||||
<filename>var</filename> scripts.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <filename>gbde_swap</filename> script, which supports
|
||||
gbde-enabled swap devices has been added.
|
||||
gbde-enabled swap devices, has been added.
|
||||
When the <varname>gbde_swap_enable</varname> variable is specified
|
||||
in &man.rc.conf.5;, a swap device named
|
||||
<filename>/dev/<replaceable>foo.bde</replaceable></filename>
|
||||
in &man.fstab.5;
|
||||
is automatically attached at boot time with the device
|
||||
<filename>/dev/<replaceable>foo</replaceable></filename>
|
||||
and a random key, which
|
||||
and a random key, which is
|
||||
generated by computing the MD5 checksum of 512 bytes read
|
||||
from <filename>/dev/random</filename>.
|
||||
Note that this prevents recovery of kernel dumps.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <varname>ip6addrctl_enable</varname> and
|
||||
<varname>ip6addrctl_verbose</varname> have been added.
|
||||
<varname>ip6addrctl_verbose</varname> variables have been added.
|
||||
When <varname>ip6addrctl_enable</varname> is set
|
||||
to <literal>YES</literal>,
|
||||
the address selection policy is installed into the kernel.
|
||||
If there is <filename>/etc/ip6addrctl.conf</filename>
|
||||
it will be used, otherwise a default policy will be installed.
|
||||
If <filename>/etc/ip6addrctl.conf</filename> exists,
|
||||
it will be used; otherwise, a default policy will be installed.
|
||||
The default policy is one described in RFC 3484 when
|
||||
<varname>ipv6_enable</varname> is set to <literal>YES</literal>.
|
||||
Otherwise, the priority policy for IPv4 address will be used
|
||||
@@ -1607,16 +1612,14 @@
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&man.named.8; runs in a &man.chroot.2; directory
|
||||
<filename>/var/named</filename> by default.
|
||||
This behavior can be disabled by using the
|
||||
<varname>named_chrootdir</varname> variable,
|
||||
and the &man.chroot.2; directory can be changed by using the
|
||||
<varname>named_chrootdir</varname> variable in
|
||||
<filename>rc.conf</filename>, respectively.</para>
|
||||
The <varname>named_chrootdir</varname> variable can be used
|
||||
to disable this behavior or to change the &man.chroot.2;
|
||||
directory.</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>When the <varname>named_chroot_autoupdate</varname>
|
||||
variable is set to <literal>YES</literal> (this is default),
|
||||
variable is set to <literal>YES</literal> (the default),
|
||||
the chroot directory is automatically configured at the boot time.
|
||||
A symbolic link which points to
|
||||
<filename>/var/named/etc/namedb</filename> is
|
||||
@@ -1636,7 +1639,7 @@
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <filename>pf</filename> and <filename>pflog</filename>
|
||||
scripts for &man.pf.4; has been added.</para>
|
||||
scripts for &man.pf.4; have been added.</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1656,9 +1659,6 @@
|
||||
<para><application>BIND</application> has been updated
|
||||
from version 8.3.1-REL to version 9.3.0.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><application>Binutils</application> have been updated to
|
||||
a 23 May 2004 snapshot from the FSF 2.15 branch.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><application>CVS</application> has been updated from
|
||||
version 1.11.15 to version 1.11.17. &merged;</para>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1672,13 +1672,17 @@
|
||||
<para><application>GDB</application> has been updated to version
|
||||
6.1.1.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><application>GNU Binutils</application> has been updated to
|
||||
a 23 May 2004 snapshot from the FSF 2.15 branch.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><application>GNU GCC</application> has been updated from
|
||||
3.3.3-prerelease as of 6 November, 2003 to 3.4.2-prerelease as of 28 July, 2004.</para>
|
||||
3.3.3-prerelease as of 6 November 2003 to 3.4.2-prerelease
|
||||
as of 28 July 2004.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><application>GNU grep</application> has been updated from
|
||||
version 2.4d to version 2.5.1.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><application>less</application> has been updated from
|
||||
<para><application>GNU less</application> has been updated from
|
||||
version 371 to version 381.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><application>GNU readline</application> 4.3 has been updated
|
||||
@@ -1689,7 +1693,7 @@
|
||||
grep</application> 2.5.1.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><application>GNU sort</application> has been updated from
|
||||
textutils 2.1 to a coreutils snapshot as of 12 August, 2004.</para>
|
||||
textutils 2.1 to a coreutils snapshot as of 12 August 2004.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <application>GNU tar</application> implementation in the
|
||||
base system is now called <filename>gtar</filename>.</para>
|
||||
@@ -1705,7 +1709,7 @@
|
||||
|
||||
<para><application>lukemftpd</application>
|
||||
has been updated from a snapshot as of
|
||||
3 November, 2003 to one as of 9 August, 2004.</para>
|
||||
3 November 2003 to one as of 9 August 2004.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><application>NTP</application>
|
||||
has been updated from version 4.1.1a to version 4.2.0.</para>
|
||||
@@ -1734,7 +1738,8 @@
|
||||
of <application>OpenSSL</application>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><application>pf</application>, OpenBSD's packet filter as of
|
||||
OpenBSD 3.5-stable, has been imported into &os; source tree and is now installed
|
||||
OpenBSD 3.5-stable, has been imported into the &os; source tree
|
||||
and is now installed
|
||||
by default. Two new users (<username>proxy</username> and
|
||||
<username>_pflogd</username>) and three new
|
||||
groups (<username>authpf</username>, <username>proxy</username>,
|
||||
@@ -1755,8 +1760,8 @@
|
||||
<application>pf</application> have been imported.
|
||||
&man.ftp-proxy.8; is an ftp proxy for &man.pf.4;,
|
||||
&man.pfctl.8; is an equivalent to &man.ipf.8;,
|
||||
&man.pflogd.8; is a daemon logging packets via <literal>if_pflog</literal>
|
||||
in &man.pcap.3; format, and
|
||||
&man.pflogd.8; is a daemon which logs packets via
|
||||
<literal>if_pflog</literal> in &man.pcap.3; format, and
|
||||
&man.authpf.8; is an authentication shell
|
||||
to modify &man.pf.4; rulesets.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1764,7 +1769,7 @@
|
||||
release 2.22 to release 2.27 from rhyolite.com. Note that for
|
||||
users relying on RIP's MD5 authentication feature,
|
||||
&man.routed.8; routed is now incompatible with previous versions
|
||||
of &os;; however it is now compatible with implementations from
|
||||
of &os;; however, it is now compatible with implementations from
|
||||
Sun, Cisco and other vendors.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><application>sendmail</application> has been updated from
|
||||
@@ -1778,7 +1783,7 @@
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The timezone database has been updated from
|
||||
<filename>tzdata2003a</filename> to
|
||||
<filename>tzdata2004a</filename>.</para>
|
||||
<filename>tzdata2004e</filename>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><application>zlib</application> has been updated
|
||||
from version 1.1.4 to version 1.2.1.</para>
|
||||
@@ -1787,11 +1792,12 @@
|
||||
<sect2 id="ports">
|
||||
<title>Ports/Packages Collection Infrastructure</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Most of startup/shutdown scripts installed by
|
||||
<para>Most of the startup/shutdown scripts installed by
|
||||
various ports now use the new &man.rc.8; framework
|
||||
introduced in &os; 5.<replaceable>X</replaceable>, while some ports still use the
|
||||
introduced in &os; 5.<replaceable>X</replaceable>, while some ports
|
||||
still use the
|
||||
old-style scripts. On startup, the new &man.rc.8; style scripts
|
||||
are executed first and then the old-style scripts.
|
||||
are executed before the old-style scripts.
|
||||
On shutdown, exactly the reverse happens.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <literal>SIZE</literal> attribute for distfiles,
|
||||
@@ -1804,7 +1810,7 @@
|
||||
report incorrect or bogus sizes.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Two new files have been added to the ports tree to track
|
||||
note-worthy changes: <filename>ports/CHANGES</filename> lists
|
||||
noteworthy changes: <filename>ports/CHANGES</filename> lists
|
||||
major changes to the Ports Collection and its infrastructure.
|
||||
<filename>ports/UPDATING</filename> describes some potential
|
||||
pitfalls that can be encountered when updating certain ports,
|
||||
@@ -1830,7 +1836,7 @@
|
||||
databases.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.pkg.create.1; now supports a <option>-S</option>
|
||||
option to make all <literal>@cwd</literal> be prefixed
|
||||
option to make all <literal>@cwd</literal> paths be prefixed
|
||||
during package creation.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&man.pkg.info.1; now supports a <option>-j</option>
|
||||
@@ -1911,11 +1917,12 @@
|
||||
<title>Upgrading from previous releases of &os;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Users with existing &os; systems are
|
||||
<emphasis>highly</emphasis> encouraged to read the <quote>Early
|
||||
Adopter's Guide to &os; &release.current;</quote>. This document generally has
|
||||
the filename <filename>EARLY.TXT</filename> on the distribution
|
||||
<emphasis>highly</emphasis> encouraged to read the <quote>&os;
|
||||
&release.current; Migration Guide</quote>. This document generally has
|
||||
the filename <filename>MIGRATE5.TXT</filename> on the distribution
|
||||
media, or any other place that the release notes can be found. It
|
||||
offers some notes on upgrading, but more importantly, also
|
||||
offers some notes on migrating from &os; 4.<replaceable>X</replaceable>,
|
||||
but more importantly, also
|
||||
discusses some of the relative merits of upgrading to &os;
|
||||
5.<replaceable>X</replaceable> versus running &os;
|
||||
4.<replaceable>X</replaceable>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -35,17 +35,6 @@
|
||||
(list (list "HREF" "mailto:[email protected]"))
|
||||
(literal "[email protected]"))
|
||||
(literal ">.")))
|
||||
(make element gi: "p"
|
||||
attributes: (list (list "align" "center"))
|
||||
(make element gi: "small"
|
||||
(literal "All users of FreeBSD ")
|
||||
(literal (entity-text "release.branch"))
|
||||
(literal " should subscribe to the ")
|
||||
(literal "<")
|
||||
(create-link (list (list "HREF" "mailto:[email protected]"))
|
||||
(literal "[email protected]"))
|
||||
(literal "> mailing list.")))
|
||||
|
||||
(make element gi: "p"
|
||||
attributes: (list (list "align" "center"))
|
||||
(make element gi: "small"
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1,8 +1,16 @@
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
# Original revision: 1.2
|
||||
# Original revision: 1.3
|
||||
|
||||
.ifdef NO_LANGCODE_IN_DESTDIR
|
||||
DESTDIR?= ${DOCDIR}/hardware/${.CURDIR:T}
|
||||
.else
|
||||
DESTDIR?= ${DOCDIR}/ja_JP.eucJP/hardware/${.CURDIR:T}
|
||||
.endif
|
||||
|
||||
# Force include of the autogenerated catalog. It has to be set
|
||||
# directly in the CATALOG variable since doc.docbook.mk check if each
|
||||
# catalog file exist for the other *CATALOG variables, and
|
||||
# catalog-auto does not exist yet when that check is performed,
|
||||
# causing catalog-auto not to be added to CATALOGS which breaks the
|
||||
# build.
|
||||
CATALOGS+= -c ${DEV-AUTODIR}/catalog-auto
|
||||
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
# Original revision: 1.6
|
||||
# Original revision: 1.7
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/hw.ent
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/artheader.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/dev.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ${DEV-AUTODIR}/catalog-auto
|
||||
SRCS+= ${DEV-AUTODIR}/dev-auto.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../../share/sgml/dev-auto-ja.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -1,19 +1,17 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
Original revision: 1.4
|
||||
Original revision: 1.6
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % man PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Manual Page Entities//EN">
|
||||
%man;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % ja-authors PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Author Entities//JA">
|
||||
%ja-authors;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % authors PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Author Entities//EN">
|
||||
%authors;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % ja-mlists PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Mailing List Entities//JA">
|
||||
%ja-mlists;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % devauto-ja PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Auto Generated Device Lists//JA">
|
||||
%devauto-ja;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % devauto PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Auto Generated Device Lists//EN">
|
||||
%devauto;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/hw.ent"> %sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
# Original revision: 1.1
|
||||
# Original revision: 1.2
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ SRCS+= proc-amd64.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/hw.ent
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/artheader.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/dev.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ${DEV-AUTODIR}/catalog-auto
|
||||
SRCS+= ${DEV-AUTODIR}/dev-auto.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../../share/sgml/dev-auto-ja.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -1,17 +1,15 @@
|
||||
<!-- $FreeBSD$ -->
|
||||
<!-- Original revision: 1.1 -->
|
||||
<!-- Original revision: 1.3 -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % man PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Manual Page Entities//EN">
|
||||
%man;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % ja-authors PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Author Entities//JA">
|
||||
%ja-authors;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % authors PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Author Entities//EN">
|
||||
%authors;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % ja-mlists PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Mailing List Entities//JA">
|
||||
%ja-mlists;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % devauto-ja PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Auto Generated Device Lists//JA">
|
||||
%devauto-ja;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % devauto PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Auto Generated Device Lists//EN">
|
||||
%devauto;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/hw.ent"> %sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1,19 +1,60 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
Original revision: 1.3
|
||||
Original revision: 1.5
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="proc">
|
||||
<title>対応プロセッサおよびマザーボード</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os;/&arch; は 2003 年の半ばに誕生したもので、&arch.print;
|
||||
(<quote>Hammer</quote>) アーキテクチャに対応しています。
|
||||
最初のお披露目は &os; 5.1-RELEASE をもとにした試験的なリリース
|
||||
でした。</para>
|
||||
(<quote>Hammer</quote>) アーキテクチャと Intel EM64T
|
||||
アーキテクチャに対応している、Tier-1 (完全対応)
|
||||
プラットフォームのひとつです。Tier-1 プラットフォームは、
|
||||
&os; のインストールから開発環境としての利用に至るまで、
|
||||
あらゆる面においてプロダクション品質を備えているというものです。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os;/&arch; は、執筆時点で Athlon64
|
||||
(<quote>Clawhammer</quote>) と Opteron
|
||||
(<quote>Sledgehammer</quote>) マシンに対応しています。これまでに試験されている
|
||||
<para>このアーキテクチャには、AMD64 (AMD) と Intel EM64T
|
||||
(Extended Memory 64-bit Technology) という、
|
||||
2 つの呼び名があることに注意してください。
|
||||
この 2 つのアーキテクチャの 64 ビットモードはほぼ互換性があり、
|
||||
&os;/&arch; は、両方に対応しています。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>執筆時点では、次のプロセッサに対応しています。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>AMD Athlon64 (<quote>Clawhammer</quote>).</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>AMD Opteron (<quote>Sledgehammer</quote>).</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Intel 64-bit Xeon (<quote>Nacona</quote>).
|
||||
この CPU は 90nm プロセスで製造されています。
|
||||
動作周波数は 2.80 から 3.60 GHz (FSB 800MHz)、
|
||||
チップセットは Intel E7520/E7525/E7320 です。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Intel Pentium 4 Processor supporting Intel EM64T
|
||||
(<quote>Prescott</quote>).
|
||||
この CPU は 90nm プロセスで製造されています。
|
||||
外装は FC-LGA775、動作周波数は 3.20F/3.40F/3.60F GHz、チップセットは
|
||||
Intel 925X Express です。
|
||||
対応する S-Spec 番号は、SL7L9, SL7L8, SL7LA, SL7NZ, SL7PZ, SL7PX になります。
|
||||
5xx というプロセッサ番号の CPU は、EM64T
|
||||
に対応していないので注意してください。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Intel EM64T は、IA-32 (x86) の拡張版であり、
|
||||
&os;/ia64 が対応している Intel IA-64 (Itanium) アーキテクチャとは異なるものです。
|
||||
Intel の古い資料には、Intel EM64T を「64-bit extension technology」、
|
||||
あるいは「IA-32e」などと表現しているものもあります。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>これまでに試験されている
|
||||
最大のメモリ構成は 8GB です。SMP 対応も完了し、十分に安定しています。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os;/&arch; が対応するドライバについては、ほぼ &os;/i386 と同じです。
|
||||
@@ -22,7 +63,7 @@
|
||||
だいたい動作するでしょう。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os;/&arch; はまだまだ開発されたばかりのプラットフォームです。
|
||||
FreeBSD カーネルとベースシステムのほとんどの部分は非常に安定していますが、
|
||||
&os; カーネルとベースシステムのほとんどの部分は非常に安定していますが、
|
||||
特にサードパーティ製のパッケージに対しては、
|
||||
問題が発生しやすいかも知れません。</para>
|
||||
まだ問題が発生しやすいかも知れません。</para>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
Original revision: 1.4
|
||||
Original revision: 1.5
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<articleinfo>
|
||||
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
|
||||
<year>2001</year>
|
||||
<year>2002</year>
|
||||
<year>2003</year>
|
||||
<year>2004</year>
|
||||
<holder role="mailto:[email protected]">The FreeBSD Documentation Project</holder>
|
||||
</copyright>
|
||||
</articleinfo>
|
||||
File diff suppressed because it is too large.
Load diff
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
# Original revision: 1.5
|
||||
# Original revision: 1.6
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ SRCS+= proc-i386.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/hw.ent
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/artheader.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/dev.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ${DEV-AUTODIR}/catalog-auto
|
||||
SRCS+= ${DEV-AUTODIR}/dev-auto.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../../share/sgml/dev-auto-ja.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -1,19 +1,17 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
Original revision: 1.4
|
||||
Original revision: 1.6
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % man PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Manual Page Entities//EN">
|
||||
%man;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % ja-authors PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Author Entities//JA">
|
||||
%ja-authors;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % authors PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Author Entities//EN">
|
||||
%authors;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % ja-mlists PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Mailing List Entities//JA">
|
||||
%ja-mlists;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % devauto-ja PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Auto Generated Device Lists//JA">
|
||||
%devauto-ja;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % devauto PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Auto Generated Device Lists//EN">
|
||||
%devauto;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/hw.ent"> %sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
# Original revision: 1.2
|
||||
# Original revision: 1.3
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -12,10 +12,13 @@ JADEFLAGS+= -V %generate-article-toc%
|
||||
|
||||
# SGML content
|
||||
SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
# SRCS+= proc-ia64.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= proc-ia64.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/hw.ent
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/artheader.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/dev.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ${DEV-AUTODIR}/catalog-auto
|
||||
SRCS+= ${DEV-AUTODIR}/dev-auto.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../../share/sgml/dev-auto-ja.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -1,19 +1,17 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
Original revision: 1.3
|
||||
Original revision: 1.5
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % man PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Manual Page Entities//EN">
|
||||
%man;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % ja-authors PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Author Entities//JA">
|
||||
%ja-authors;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % authors PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Author Entities//EN">
|
||||
%authors;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % ja-mlists PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Mailing List Entities//JA">
|
||||
%ja-mlists;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % devauto-ja PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Auto Generated Device Lists//JA">
|
||||
%devauto-ja;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % devauto PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Auto Generated Device Lists//EN">
|
||||
%devauto;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/hw.ent"> %sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
|
||||
をご覧ください。)</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>HP i2000
|
||||
<para>HP i2000</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Intel 460GX</para>
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
# Original revision: 1.1
|
||||
# Original revision: 1.2
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ SRCS+= proc-pc98.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/hw.ent
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/artheader.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/dev.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ${DEV-AUTODIR}/catalog-auto
|
||||
SRCS+= ${DEV-AUTODIR}/dev-auto.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../../share/sgml/dev-auto-ja.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -1,19 +1,17 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
Original revision: 1.1
|
||||
Original revision: 1.3
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % man PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Manual Page Entities//EN">
|
||||
%man;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % ja-authors PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Author Entities//JA">
|
||||
%ja-authors;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % authors PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Author Entities//EN">
|
||||
%authors;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % ja-mlists PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Mailing List Entities//JA">
|
||||
%ja-mlists;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % devauto-ja PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Auto Generated Device Lists//JA">
|
||||
%devauto-ja;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % devauto PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Auto Generated Device Lists//EN">
|
||||
%devauto;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/hw.ent"> %sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
# Original revision: 1.3
|
||||
# Original revision: 1.4
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@ SRCS+= proc-sparc64.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/hw.ent
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/artheader.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/dev.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ${DEV-AUTODIR}/catalog-auto
|
||||
SRCS+= ${DEV-AUTODIR}/dev-auto.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../../share/sgml/dev-auto-ja.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -1,19 +1,17 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
Original revision: 1.3
|
||||
Original revision: 1.5
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % man PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Manual Page Entities//EN">
|
||||
%man;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % ja-authors PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Author Entities//JA">
|
||||
%ja-authors;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % authors PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Author Entities//EN">
|
||||
%authors;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % ja-mlists PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Mailing List Entities//JA">
|
||||
%ja-mlists;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % devauto-ja PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Auto Generated Device Lists//JA">
|
||||
%devauto-ja;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % devauto PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Auto Generated Device Lists//EN">
|
||||
%devauto;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/hw.ent"> %sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
Original revision: 1.11
|
||||
Original revision: 1.12
|
||||
-->
|
||||
<sect1 id="support-sys">
|
||||
<title>対応システム</title>
|
||||
@@ -50,10 +50,10 @@
|
||||
<para>Fire V120</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Netra t1 105</para>
|
||||
<para>Netra t1 105</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Netra T1 AC200/DC200</para>
|
||||
<para>Netra T1 AC200/DC200</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Netra t 1100</para>
|
||||
@@ -79,6 +79,15 @@
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>SPARCEngine Ultra AXmp</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Ultra 1E</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Ultra 2</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Ultra 5</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Ultra 5</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
@@ -111,12 +120,6 @@
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Enterprise 4500</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Ultra 1 Enterprise (略称 1E)</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Ultra 2</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -5,5 +5,8 @@
|
||||
|
||||
PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DOCUMENT Release Notes DocBook Stylesheet//EN"
|
||||
"release.dsl"
|
||||
PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Auto Generated Device Lists//JA"
|
||||
"dev-auto-ja.sgml"
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
|
||||
<!-- $FreeBSD$ -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.62c9ec99a9ca598d738dcf66b339aa1e '&man.aac.4; ドライバが対応しているコントローラは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.43922be022d49dabc274b2afffd0db8b '&man.adv.4; ドライバが対応している SCSI コントローラは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.cbf6eff03c5ce0d986b45880ed887070 '&man.adw.4; ドライバが対応している SCSI コントローラは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.0cce687e027220e7cff2d76897be603d '&man.aha.4; ドライバが対応している SCSI ホストアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.fbc50a028ae8f9661a68a7fb7bc8bbb7 'Adaptec AHA-174x (154x エミュレーションモード)'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.3891390f6518e74c6fccf7063e460c38 'DTC 3290 SCSI controller (1542 エミュレーションモード)'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.e86f2f83c3957fefb1364170d887a60a 'Tekram SCSI controllers (154x エミュレーションモード)'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.c418e3d138116d63590865e8e9524fdf '&man.ahb.4; ドライバが対応している SCSI ホストアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.8e391330b2354bda473cab7214c1dd09 '&man.ahc.4; ドライバが対応している SCSI ホストアダプタチップおよび SCSI コントローラカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.4e2067474092f3601ed4a08e40e51ff2 'SCSI を内蔵した多くのマザーボード'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.ccfe391ca2c0ac72c3d85d4d1c21d9fb '&man.ahd.4; ドライバは以下に対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.b2f83b643fc8ceb4ac19e22a28600786 '&man.amd.4; ドライバが対応しているコントローラは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.605e6ab5496571df6899f2fd107669ba '&man.amr.4; ドライバは以下に対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.a6a898c40c4bbb090be33d01b44c3542 '&man.asr.4; が現在対応しているアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.24043b14b616a68778dd242eea1f8910 '&man.ath.4; ドライバが対応しているカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.b7fbd0ed7571b68cbe9428ac3c2255af '最新のリストについては <ulink url="http://customerproducts.atheros.com/customerproducts"></ulink> をご覧ください。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.b145c7b4021a8c5d8651da9eb4e36e61 '&man.ath.hal.4; モジュールが対応しているカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.b7fbd0ed7571b68cbe9428ac3c2255af '最新のリストについては <ulink url="http://customerproducts.atheros.com/customerproducts"></ulink> をご覧ください。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.83ac9034acfed2b9946e35238b025539 '&man.aue.4; ドライバが対応しているアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.2fe4e351d85098eab7c7e7c833cd9bdb 'AN986 Pegasus チップセットベースの LinkSys USB10T アダプタ, USB10TA, USB10TX, USB100TX, USB100H1'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.a734256cbb5614a8b529e29c2e3346f3 '&man.awi.4; ドライバが対応しているカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.bbffe48fbcd41cee6022c6d7af523161 'オリジナルの Xircom Netwave AirSurfer については cnw(4) ドライバが対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.a47714c8ac79c305dc24de117983c1b2 '&man.axe.4; ドライバは ASIX Electronics AX88172 ベースの USB Ethernet アダプタに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.4ef588c76d5000d7934c88d3ea8dc374 '&man.bge.4; ドライバは Broadcom BCM570x ファミリ Gigabit Ethernet コントローラチップベースのさまざまな NIC に対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.18fa1a4af00956e506712b4ea27b097d '&man.bt.4; ドライバは BusLogic MultiMaster <quote>W</quote>, <quote>C</quote>, <quote>S</quote> および <quote>A</quote> シリーズとその互換 SCSI ホストアダプタに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.363522c4c2f26972a4496dca682abf79 '&man.bt.4; ドライバは BusLogic MultiMaster の完全なクローンである AMI FastDisk ホストアダプタにも対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.8a0f71d10104f37e0bdbf8e1c391066d '&man.ciss.4; ドライバが対応しているコントローラは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.721bf0142a0546b1be757afc78e97b4f '&man.cm.4; ドライバが対応しているカードモジュールは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.cdfe34e989d5b63c24ef681f56b3d3a9 '&man.cnw.4; ドライバが対応しているカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.64c9c7e0823d41af15e7c00a85703d14 '&man.cue.4; ドライバは CATC USB-EL1210A ベースの USB Ethernet アダプタに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.a2e170e7151d1b581466e61a99335688 '&man.dc.4; ドライバが対応しているチップセットは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.33a353a9deb758a7f642e6c68add1025 '現在以下の NIC が &man.dc.4; ドライバで動作することが知られています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.ba73ee22f06202512c6538040790aaa7 'Built in 10Mbps only Ethernet on Compaq Presario 7900 series desktops (21143, non-MII)'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.2426c6ae58d9c1b1058c0522fa7de7e8 'Built in DE500-BA on DEC Alpha workstations (21143, non-MII)'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.abc153d83081cde45d9829874e17d36c 'Built in Sun DMFE 10/100 Mbps Ethernet on Sun Netra X1 and Sun Fire V100 (DM9102A, MII)'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.a200623478d7685b5a57c87bb1634e1f 'Built in Ethernet on LinkSys EtherFast 10/100 Instant GigaDrive (DM9102, MII)'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.d7ee0d1b77e48e22abb2dbce623ce6ed '&man.de.4; ドライバが対応しているアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.43d766ad53c1d29a1fd650c658080277 '&man.dpt.4; ドライバが対応している RAID アダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.5c7012c07d39cdb76bde008815240fb6 '&man.ed.4; ドライバが対応している Ethernet NIC は以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.5c3574b72fb272c7edea557474a2b54c 'C-Bus, ISA, PCI および PC Card デバイスに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.8b106ed08294ac206b18bc26e0a441e6 '&man.em.4; ドライバは Intel 82540, 82541PI, 82542, 82543, 82544, 82546, 82546EB および 82547 コントローラチップベースの Gigabit Ethernet アダプタに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.0f1fafddd537ac0bdb17319af4353735 '&man.fwohci.4; ドライバは PCI/CardBus firewire インターフェースカードに対応しています。このドライバが対応している IEEE 1394 OHCI チップセットは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.9dfd22a483b0fe25691900103983587a '&man.fxp.4; ドライバが対応しているアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.b6d8bafb641a9a90c6cf5cc47795697d 'Intel 製マザーボードに内蔵されている多くのネットワークインタフェース'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.4b7a23108cafef2da95c563c85259f3c '&man.gem.4; ドライバが対応しているカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.33ae232115e1314115c765212edf588a '&man.gx.4; ドライバは Intel 82542 および 82543 コントローラチップベースの Gigabit Ethernet アダプタに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.ff14b57bb9797076cefd645b2b169719 '以下のデバイスに現在対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.ea2a57034a0f12ef1fa0b0035234674b '&man.hifn.4; ドライバは Hifn 7751, 7951, 7811, 7955 および 7956 チップセットを含むさまざまなカードに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.f56cdcc9214f4834064f0eec2ffb3c6c '&man.hme.4; ドライバは数多くの Sun UltraSPARC ワークステーションおよびサーバモデル内蔵の Ethernet インターフェースに対応しています。&man.hme.4; ドライバが対応しているカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.94511dcc4f50af600597c880ea0d6f9c '&man.ida.4; ドライバが対応しているコントローラは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.0e2a9ca39513c2f31f4a4270e5acb6af '&man.iir.4; ドライバが対応しているコントローラは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.260cb4f7d35db411e8c8acf1134db9cb 'Intel から利用可能な最新のファームウェアを使って SRCU31 および SRCU31L を更新できます。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.c4186bc51a7ec8fcc5f946cda1f461e2 '&man.ips.4; ドライバが対応しているコントローラは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.f5aeb9afd0480dd565b1771e68bfcd7e '&man.isp.4; ドライバが対応しているカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.bea32ba761e7bbcda026eaca0b9c9e3e '&man.ixgb.4; ドライバが対応しているカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.4ee6ff420d60287e7d73ffc121bd7220 '&man.kue.4; ドライバは Kawasaki LSI KL5KLUSB101B ベースの USB Ethernet アダプタに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.cdbab64e94a7e83beefcc717678b6e02 '&man.lge.4; ドライバが対応しているアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.a7339ab4baa5dae0b999811512846399 '&man.mlx.4; ドライバが対応しているコントローラは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.1626a467342e2a1f87355565ce2846c8 '主要なリビジョン(2.x, 3.x, 4.x および 5.x) のファームウェアすべてに対応していますが、コントローラで利用可能な最新のファームウェアに更新することをおすすめします。ここに書かれていない Mylex コントローラの互換品もおそらく動作すると思われますが、試験はされていません。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.b2d78d641e881d4993824d51db88272b '&man.mly.4; ドライバが対応しているコントローラは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.a5109377f7126bd130f0b7dde68a3665 'ここに書かれていない Mylex コントローラの互換品もおそらく動作すると思われますが、試験されていません。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.2aba100fbd3734b5402a30fc860ded2c '&man.mpt.4; ドライバが対応しているコントローラは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.e8a6bb9169393b0aa0bd2e0cf7ffcaef '&man.mpt.4; ドライバは多くのシステムが内蔵している SCSI コントローラチップに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.0a0d6824695fb31496685bb3c197f660 '&man.my.4; ドライバは Myson チップセットベースのさまざまな NIC に対応しています。対応しているモデルは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.679e16db9880a62847fb27373e91eb6d '&man.ncr.4; ドライバが対応している NCR/Symbios SCSI コントローラチップは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.1537270cb758f4bede2e7a81bafe7018 '以下の外付ボードにも対応していることが知られています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.0ead896f8221a4e58c9bba9f054d0703 '&man.ncv.4; ドライバが現在対応しているデバイスは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.584e542589112934a1074c60a7371df0 '&man.ng.ubt.4; ドライバは Bluetooth v1.1 実装に準拠したすべての Bluetooth USB デバイスに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.768431e3e056920765911205a692d4f6 '&man.nge.4; ドライバは National Semiconductor DP83820 および DP83821 ベースの Gigabit Ethernet アダプタに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.3f1863e7149bd75205c4c470508849ab '&man.nsp.4; ドライバが対応しているコントローラは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.54163214a88d94b4fbb628765a6d15e9 '&man.ohci.4; ドライバは OHCI v1.0 準拠のすべてのコントローラに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.532133face40ce3dfa3792b6090bf113 '&man.pcn.4; ドライバは AMD PCnet/FAST, PCnet/FAST+, PCnet/FAST III, PCnet/PRO および PCnet/Home Fast Ethernet チップベースのアダプタおよび組み込みコントローラに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.71d961a38d4813453d534cf60a7bf1c0 '&man.re.4; ドライバは RealTek RTL8139C+, RTL8169, RTL8169S および RTL8110S ベースの Fast Ethernet および Gigabit Ethernet アダプタに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.049ae823a29aef6d22653e8780a5d51b '&man.rl.4; ドライバが対応しているアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.0309eaa8ea5fc2b405d6359269568f86 '&man.rue.4; ドライバは RealTek RTL8150 ベースの USB Ethernet アダプタに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.33d81d62050169dea3392b4c71898a67 '&man.safe.4; ドライバは以下のチップを含むカードに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.285d0d52abdf538bb374e4efcffc4f41 '&man.sf.4; ドライバが対応しているアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.97e48240aa7ee522f8168bb0ad1fe6d1 '&man.sis.4; ドライバは Silicon Integrated Systems SiS 900 および SiS 7016 ベースの Fast Ethernet アダプタおよび組み込みコントローラ、National Semiconductor DP83815 (MacPhyter) チップベースの Fast Ethernet アダプタに対応しています。対応しているアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.e0988c23826ec248e8efc038dfbf111f '&man.sk.4; ドライバが対応しているアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.ee021ce8a0d8bd78a6e9e7200851181a '&man.sn.4; ドライバは SMC9xxx ベースの ISA および PCMCIA カードに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.23329d3c1cef6e53f40bcc656f94a6b9 '&man.snd.ad1816.4; ドライバが対応しているサウンドカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.fe73d6ddaab51bcc8cb7f9e829113a73 '&man.snd.als4000.4; ドライバが対応しているサウンドカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.ae0e3e32462badacd47736e322f92b48 '&man.snd.cmi.4; ドライバが対応しているサウンドカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.f694c5b8f37f6a18b7f8261ac68871da '&man.snd.cs4281.4; ドライバが対応しているサウンドカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.e690e006a7215ae8c14b686364272b6a '&man.snd.csa.4; ドライバが対応しているサウンドカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.e2a200b134158f3d54346eddf3e05244 'いくつかのオンボードの CS4610 チップは CS4297 AC97 ではなく CS423x ISA コーデックとともに搭載されています。&man.snd.csa.4; ドライバはこのような構成にまだ対応していません。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.6acf6633674229b843e9f9f8adc0ed30 '&man.snd.ds1.4; ドライバが対応しているサウンドカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.047130f4ab914f933c5e55ff5247f697 '&man.snd.emu10k1.4; ドライバが対応しているサウンドカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.4761928e208651a00bb75cb4e5b4ae5b '&man.snd.es137x.4; ドライバが対応しているサウンドカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.fff1deab29df8dc27eb9338f645fd40a 'ES1370/1371 チップセットを搭載したすべてのカード (SoundBlaster PCI128 を含む)'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.394c7272b9c9770e7f705772b41ff3cb '&man.snd.ess.4; ドライバが対応しているサウンドカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.607f17c8d900df1b30109708e63ccb54 '&man.snd.gusc.4; ドライバが対応しているサウンドカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.3afa5dfff8edecfa593432eaa480848a '&man.snd.solo.4; ドライバが対応しているサウンドカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.8ac14722508211127d79a2e3b6d109ac 'ES18xx チップセットを搭載した古い ESS ISA カードについては snd_ess(4) もしくは snd_sbc(4) ドライバが対応していることに注意してください。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.ccdfcc794c876cba45c1a81a7ea2e3fe '&man.ste.4; ドライバは Sundance Technologies ST201 ベースの Fast Ethernet アダプタおよび組み込みコントローラに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.14064ff2324d7e3f84a67f49890d600b '&man.stg.4; ドライバが対応しているコントローラは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.f56cd963cebedc043a8ee2997cb4538a 'Adaptec 2920C アダプタについては ahc(4) ドライバが対応していることに注意してください。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.e252a5e7ba9cc3e557d582aab38217a9 '&man.sym.4; ドライバは Symbios/LSI Logic PCI SCSI コントローラに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.cf777c43b4cc84282e6c535a45471cc0 '&man.sym.4; ドライバはマザーボードまたは外付ボード内蔵の SCSI コントローラにも対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.3712218afd6a3f27d0b1eaf4b894092e '&man.ti.4; ドライバは Alteon Tigon I および II チップベースの Gigabit Ethernet アダプタに対応しています。&man.ti.4; ドライバは以下のアダプタにおいて試験されています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.b59216eabb45ed1895c531eed6d23725 '以下のアダプタにも対応しているはずですが、試験されていません。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.7da8846b72ae5d158776b36797920b7c '&man.tl.4; ドライバは Texas Instruments ThunderLAN ベースの Ethernet および、数多くの Compaq PCI Ethernet アダプタを含む Fast Ethernet アダプタに対応しています。対応している他のアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.2260f7d9d8b90d15338dec03416ac0bd '&man.tl.4; ドライバはさまざまな Compaq Prosignia サーバおよび Compaq Deskpro デスクトップ内蔵の Ethernet アダプタにも対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.db02b4acabc70ffe1c5db08d13246cb9 '&man.trm.4; ドライバが対応している SCSIコントローラは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.19b907a8f7336a3cad51b24e4e133bc7 'Tekram DC-310/U および DC-390F/U/UW/U2B/U2W/U3W PCI SCSI アダプタについては sym(4) ドライバを使ってください。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.9b13d1b02cf71c6035b2627cc7ce04fe '&man.twa.4; ドライバが対応している PATA/SATA RAID コントローラは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.e5a3133fafcab3494fae217bbc832144 '&man.twe.4; ドライバが対応している ATA RAID コントローラは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.29ad6a269efd93c15215ea90cba9caf1 '&man.txp.4; ドライバが対応しているカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.9c987130a2024c69ab8eb8350ccba6ef '&man.ubsa.4; ドライバが対応しているアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.44dad25a25e7b1f901f3fe8869a47050 '&man.ubsec.4; ドライバは以下のチップを含むカードに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.0010ee7c6f62beb4e820264f81a44df2 '&man.ubser.4; ドライバは BWCT console management serial アダプタに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.24bbbc7cc5ddc693ba1c79ea3b440a1e '&man.udav.4; ドライバが対応しているアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.6029a8138b92c22c3474e7bc218532c2 '&man.uftdi.4; ドライバが対応しているアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.696437175c63c9697e1faed5641c7f52 '&man.uhci.4; ドライバは UHCI v1.1 準拠のすべてのコントローラに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.6677c43264a28d9aa5cc4ce12632e5d8 '&man.ulpt.4; ドライバは USB プリンタおよびパラレルプリンタ変換ケーブルに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.067f36083a7988c8ebded538a7c0c9fb '&man.umct.4; ドライバが対応しているアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.10217275dd6e2f383066f56392dbd316 '&man.umodem.4; ドライバが対応しているデバイスは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.1f502af921a7a5cd4cfe8df4ff527e8a '&man.uplcom.4; ドライバが対応しているアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.76b92909fdde05aaadc11f39b638125b '&man.urio.4; ドライバが対応しているデバイスは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.3598a9039c0410332007e7b9ffd717ab '&man.uscanner.4; ドライバが対応しているデバイスは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.56c62cdda9540c16750e031908fccfaf '&man.uvisor.4; ドライバが対応しているデバイスは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.bdefa22ed37ed9af72cd40040853ee67 '&man.uvscom.4; ドライバが対応しているアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.a9a9c48739e68ce01cf607e5f51291ce '&man.vge.4; ドライバは VIA Networking VT3119 および VT6122 ベースの Gigabit Ethernet アダプタに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.843e71c7bfdfb8462b3be38b6007857e '&man.vr.4; ドライバは VIA Technologies Rhine I, Rhine II および Rhine III ベースの Fast Ethernet アダプタに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.0b207852263019bee046e75a21f299e4 '&man.wb.4; ドライバは Winbond W89C840F ベースの Fast Ethernet アダプタおよび組み込みコントローラに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.ff13412c53303e70619678cebf8b381c '&man.xe.4; ドライバが対応しているカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.06f2eb1583547b1e0e64977e01142ca4 '同じハードウェアを使った類似のデバイスも動作する可能性があります。'>
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.e31f309a17441e7733a3b69a99629bbc '&man.xl.4; ドライバが対応しているハードウェアは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.2f35a085828ff272e076d366b406aacb '3C656 ファミリ CardBus カードおよび 3C556 ファミリ MiniPCI カードはプロプライエタリなモデムを内蔵しています。&man.xl.4; ドライバおよび他のドライバはこのモデムに対応していません。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.2832c80059358727b41e0b81dbc74776 '&man.aic.4; ドライバが対応しているアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.a086d2138ff88e169b186130f37feebe '&man.cp.4; ドライバが対応している Tau-PCI WAN アダプタモデルは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.adfe0e99a40aa970f2ff51513e213bfb '&man.ct.4; ドライバが対応しているアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.6fb65e77ee965cf38efb50a9e2feda9b '&man.ctau.4; ドライバが対応しているカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.44b0ddab4ffe19afd55d9849caefeb9c '&man.cx.4; ドライバが対応しているカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.4f2c75a768d6a28fa79398adfc843402 '&man.el.4; ドライバは 3Com 3c501 8bit ISA Ethernet カードに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.42c4cfea0cd66c796e48dedec1f10c52 '&man.ep.4; ドライバは 3Com 3C5x9 Etherlink III Parallel Tasking チップセットベースの Ethernet アダプタに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.4d1152906195c0b8885b4556d2acc7e1 '&man.ex.4; ドライバが対応している Ethernet アダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.e33d3b4269c1c0a54c6983c39025cb2e '&man.fe.4; ドライバが対応しているコントローラおよびカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.01cbcfd29830b2225b0260112f0dd6b7 '&man.ie.4; ドライバは Intel i82586 チップベースの 8 および 16bit ISA Ethernet カードに対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.0693981eaeaebc6d0d400470c81f29d3 '&man.lnc.4; ドライバが対応しているアダプタは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.7363ffd109d23743166008d9ae72ce82 'これらのアダプタは pcn(4) ドライバでも動作します。&man.lnc.4; ドライバは互換モードでこれらのアダプタに対応しているので pcn(4) ドライバを使うことをおすすめします。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.8b6ed4ad05ee2bbbdfb441278c1ebf8f '&man.snc.4; ドライバが対応しているカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.d5b1c477e51869e7cb454c70e5221249 '&man.snc.4; ドライバは National Semiconductor NS46C46 as 64 * 16 bits Microwave Serial EEPROM にも対応しています。'>
|
||||
<!ENTITY hwlist.d0b148add52fd3a2c1593d2fed75a920 '&man.vx.4; ドライバが対応しているカードは以下のとおりです。'>
|
||||
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
|
||||
<!-- $FreeBSD$ -->
|
||||
<!-- Original revision: 1.7 -->
|
||||
<!-- Original revision: 1.8.2.1.2.1 -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE style-sheet PUBLIC "-//James Clark//DTD DSSSL Style Sheet//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.dsl PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DOCUMENT Release Notes DocBook Language Neutral Stylesheet//EN" CDATA DSSSL>
|
||||
@@ -36,16 +36,6 @@
|
||||
(list (list "HREF" "http://www.FreeBSD.org/docs.html"))
|
||||
(literal "解説文書"))
|
||||
(literal "をお読みください。")
|
||||
(make element gi: "p"
|
||||
attributes: (list (list "align" "center"))
|
||||
(make element gi: "small"
|
||||
(literal "FreeBSD ")
|
||||
(literal (entity-text "release.branch"))
|
||||
(literal " をお使いの方は、ぜひ ")
|
||||
(literal "<")
|
||||
(create-link (list (list "HREF" "mailto:[email protected]"))
|
||||
(literal "[email protected]"))
|
||||
(literal "> メーリングリストに参加ください。")))
|
||||
|
||||
(make element gi: "p"
|
||||
attributes: (list (list "align" "center"))
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ UNITEXTS= readme errata early-adopter
|
||||
|
||||
IMAGEDIR= .imagedir
|
||||
RHOST= freefall.freebsd.org
|
||||
RDIR= public_html/relnotes/5-STABLE
|
||||
RDIR= public_html/relnotes/5.3-RELEASE
|
||||
DOCDIR= ./release/doc
|
||||
LANG= en_US.ISO8859-1
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Version of the OS we're describing. This needs to be updated
|
||||
with each new release. -->
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.current "5.3-BETA">
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.current "5.3-RELEASE">
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- The previous version used for comparison in the "What's New"
|
||||
section. For -CURRENT, we might point back to the last
|
||||
@@ -29,21 +29,21 @@
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.branch "5-STABLE">
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- The URL for obtaining this version of FreeBSD. -->
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.url "http://snapshots.jp.FreeBSD.org/">
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.url "ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/">
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- The type of release (usually this will be either "snapshot"
|
||||
or "release" -->
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.type "snapshot">
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release.type.snapshot "INCLUDE">
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release.type.release "IGNORE">
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.type "release">
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release.type.snapshot "IGNORE">
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release.type.release "INCLUDE">
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- The manpaths for man page references -->
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.man.url "http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi">
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.manpath.xfree86 "4.4.0">
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.manpath.xorg "6.7.0">
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.manpath.netbsd "1.6.1">
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.manpath.netbsd "1.6.2">
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.manpath.freebsd-ports "Ports">
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.manpath.freebsd "5.3-stable">
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.manpath.freebsd "5.3-RELEASE">
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Text constants which probably don't need to be changed.-->
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
|
||||
# The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.3
|
||||
#
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../..
|
||||
.ifdef NO_LANGCODE_IN_DESTDIR
|
||||
DESTDIR?= ${DOCDIR}/early-adopter
|
||||
.else
|
||||
DESTDIR?= ${DOCDIR}/zh_CN.GB2312/early-adopter
|
||||
.endif
|
||||
|
||||
DOC?= article
|
||||
FORMATS?= html
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?=gz
|
||||
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
|
||||
|
||||
SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,764 @@
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.4x "4.<replaceable>X</replaceable>">
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.5x "5.<replaceable>X</replaceable>">
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.4last "4.10-RELEASE">
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.5branchpoint "5.3-RELEASE">
|
||||
]>
|
||||
<!-- The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.21.2.4 -->
|
||||
|
||||
<article>
|
||||
<articleinfo>
|
||||
<title>&os; &release.current; 迁移指南</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<authorgroup>
|
||||
<corpauthor>The &os; Release Engineering Team</corpauthor>
|
||||
</authorgroup>
|
||||
|
||||
<pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
|
||||
|
||||
<copyright>
|
||||
<year>2002</year>
|
||||
<year>2003</year>
|
||||
<year>2004</year>
|
||||
<holder role="mailto:[email protected]">The &os; Release
|
||||
Engineering Team</holder>
|
||||
</copyright>
|
||||
|
||||
<legalnotice id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
|
||||
&tm-attrib.freebsd;
|
||||
&tm-attrib.apple;
|
||||
&tm-attrib.ibm;
|
||||
&tm-attrib.ieee;
|
||||
&tm-attrib.intel;
|
||||
&tm-attrib.microsoft;
|
||||
&tm-attrib.sparc;
|
||||
&tm-attrib.general;
|
||||
</legalnotice>
|
||||
|
||||
<abstract>
|
||||
<para>这篇文章从用户或管理员的视角描述了 &os;
|
||||
&release.4x; 和 &os; &release.5branchpoint; 的主要区别,
|
||||
并给出了针对现有系统的升级方案。 它对 &os;
|
||||
的发行版制作工程进行了介绍, 随后描述了一些
|
||||
&os; &release.5x; 的新特性, 以及熟悉 &release.4x;
|
||||
系列发行版本的用户应关注的一些变化。
|
||||
这篇文章同时分别描述了对现有系统基于预编译发行包以及源代码的升级过程。
|
||||
这篇文章在较早的 &os; &release.5x; 版本中被称为 <quote>Early Adopters
|
||||
Guide</quote>。</para>
|
||||
</abstract>
|
||||
</articleinfo>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="intro">
|
||||
<title>介绍</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; &release.5branchpoint; 标志着新的
|
||||
<quote>&os.stable;</quote> 系列发行版的开始。
|
||||
这个版本以及其后的 &release.5x; 系列版本主要面向生产环境中的使用,
|
||||
类似之前 &release.4x; 系列发行版那样。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这篇文章介绍了一系列从 &release.4x; 升级到
|
||||
&release.5branchpoint; 的用户会感兴趣的问题。
|
||||
它首先介绍了目前的发布工程实践, 随后描述了一些 &os; &release.5x;
|
||||
系列的新特性。 最重要的, 这篇文章列举了所进行的重大修改,
|
||||
用户可见的行为变化, 或修改的外部软件接口。
|
||||
最后是一些通过源代码或预编译包将现有的 &os; &release.4x; 升级到
|
||||
&os; &release.5branchpoint; 需要注意的问题。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="release-overview">
|
||||
<title>&os; 发布流程概览</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; 采用了一种依赖于代码库中多个分支的开发模式。 主分支被称为
|
||||
<quote>CURRENT</quote>, 在 CVS 代码库中记为
|
||||
<literal>HEAD</literal>。 新的特性首先被提交到这个分支;
|
||||
虽然 CURRENT 是最先看到新功能的分支, 它也因此偶尔会在调试新功能时存在问题。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>绝大多数 &os; 发行版本来自一个或多个
|
||||
<quote>STABLE</quote> 分支。 新功能加入到 CURRENT
|
||||
一段时间之后才会合并到这些分支。 在过去两年中,
|
||||
唯一处于持续开发中的 STABLE 分支是
|
||||
<quote>4-STABLE</quote>, 所有的
|
||||
&os; &release.4x; 发行版本都基于它。
|
||||
这个分支在 CVS 代码库中的 tag 是 <literal>RELENG_4</literal>。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>过去的两个 STABLE 分支 (3-STABLE 和 4-STABLE)
|
||||
是在它们开发周期非常早的时候创建的
|
||||
(相应的分支起点是 3.1 和 4.0)。 现在看来,
|
||||
这样的方法没有在创建新的分支时为相应的 CURRENT
|
||||
分支留出足够的时间来变得稳定。 因而,
|
||||
这导致了时间被浪费在不同分支之间移植对错误的修正上,
|
||||
并产生了一些完全无法在分支间移植的架构变动。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&release.5x; 系列发行版对此作了略有不同的处理。
|
||||
&os; 5.0, 5.1, 以及 5.2 都基于 CURRENT 分支。
|
||||
第一个发行版是在进行了两年的开发之后发布的
|
||||
(在此之前, 最后一个来自 HEAD 的发行版是 &os; 4.0,
|
||||
在 2000 年 3 月发布)。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>与之前的 <quote>STABLE</quote> 分支不同, CVS 中的
|
||||
<quote>5-STABLE</quote> 分支 (分支 tag
|
||||
<literal>RELENG_5</literal>) 是在第一个 &release.5x;
|
||||
发行版发布一年多之后才建立的 (具体而言, 是在 5.3
|
||||
发行版本的发布工程中)。
|
||||
这个延期给了开发团队时间来完成必要的架构修改, 使系统更加稳定,
|
||||
完善各式各样的接口, 以及为后续的
|
||||
&release.5x; 版本打下良好的基础。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>除了一般的改进和错误修正之外, 5-STABLE
|
||||
分支的一项优先考虑的目标是保持应用二进制接口 (ABI)
|
||||
和应用编程接口 (API) 的兼容性。 任何可能破坏向前兼容性
|
||||
(包括内核或库接口) 的修改都是被强烈反对的,
|
||||
只有当这是解决某个重大问题的最后办法时,
|
||||
才可能被允许。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>下一个 CURRENT 分支的发行版应该是 6.0-RELEASE,
|
||||
它将从 CVS <literal>HEAD</literal> 构建。
|
||||
对于 6.0 没有确定的发布日期, 这一点同
|
||||
5.3 不同, 不过尽管如此, 应该是 2006 年的某个时候。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>在 4-STABLE 开发分支上还将进行一些有限的开发,
|
||||
并且有计划在 5.3-RELEASE 之后的某个时候推出它的下一个版本 (4.11)。
|
||||
对于那些非常保守的用户, 继续使用一段时间的
|
||||
&release.4x; 版本可能看起来更为合理一些。
|
||||
&a.security-officer; 将按照他们公布的方针继续支持
|
||||
4-STABLE 一段时间, 您可以在 &os; 网站的 <ulink
|
||||
url="&url.base;/security/index.html">安全主页</ulink> 找到相关信息。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>关于 &os; 发布工程过程的进一步详情可以在
|
||||
<ulink
|
||||
url="&url.base;/releng/index.html">Release
|
||||
Engineering 主页</ulink> 和 <ulink
|
||||
url="&url.articles.releng;/index.html"><quote>&os; 发布工程</quote></ulink>
|
||||
一文中找到。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="new">
|
||||
<title>新特性</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; &release.5x; 最吸引人的地方就是一系列全新的功能,
|
||||
这些功能基本上都和无法移植回 &os; 4-STABLE
|
||||
开发分支的那些大幅度的架构调整有关。 (与此相反, 许多独立的改进,
|
||||
例如新的设备驱动或对于一些用户级应用的更新等,
|
||||
则已经移植回去了。) 这里是一份简明的列表, 它并不包含全部内容:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>SMPng: <quote>新一代</quote> 对并行多处理器 (SMP) 机器的支持。
|
||||
正在进行的开发的主要目标是对内核的各个子系统进行细粒度的上锁,
|
||||
以增加内核能够同时运行的线程数目。 特别注意了网络协议栈的性能。
|
||||
可以在
|
||||
<ulink url="&url.base;/smp/index.html">FreeBSD SMP
|
||||
Project</ulink> 的网站找到更多信息。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>KSE: 内核调度实体 允许一个进程拥有多个内核级线程,
|
||||
类似 调度器激活 (Scheduler
|
||||
Activations)。 <filename>libpthread</filename>
|
||||
和 <filename>libthr</filename> 两个线程库使得多线程的用户程序能够使用这些特性,
|
||||
它们使用了 &man.pthread.3; API。
|
||||
<filename>libpthread</filename> 现在是默认的线程库。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>新的硬件架构支持: 现在能够支持 amd64、ia64、pc98 以及 sparc64
|
||||
硬件架构, 以及 i386 和 alpha。 其他正在活跃地开发的架构包括 powerpc
|
||||
(运行于基于 &powerpc; 的各类 &macintosh; 平台) 和 arm。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>GCC: 编译工具集现在是基于 GCC
|
||||
3.4.<replaceable>X</replaceable>, 而不是先前的 GCC
|
||||
2.95.<replaceable>X</replaceable> 了。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>MAC: 支持可扩展的, 可加载的强制访问控制策略。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>GEOM: 灵活的, 模块化的 I/O 请求变换框架。
|
||||
这个系统提供了对于磁盘和卷的一系列功能支持, 例如:
|
||||
识别磁盘分区, &man.gbde.4; 磁盘加密机制,
|
||||
各级 RAID 功能支持, 通过网络导出磁盘设备
|
||||
(使用 &man.ggated.8; 和相关工具), 以及透明的磁盘解压缩。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>FFS: 现在 FFS 文件系统提供了后台
|
||||
&man.fsck.8; 操作 (以便更快地从崩溃中恢复) 和文件系统快照的支持。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>UFS2: 增加了新的磁盘文件系统格式 UFS2,
|
||||
它支持扩展的文件属性和更大的文件。 UFS2 是 &man.newfs.8; 默认的文件格式。
|
||||
除了 pc98 之外, 从 &man.sysinstall.8; 创建的文件系统都默认使用
|
||||
UFS2 格式。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>新的网络特性: 增加了一系列新的网络特性,
|
||||
它们在 &release.5x; 中首次出现, 包括
|
||||
TCP SACK (选择性确认) 的支持, 来自 OpenBSD 的
|
||||
&man.pf.4; 包过滤器, 以及 ALTQ 包队列系统。
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>新硬件支持: 支持更多的硬件设备, 例如
|
||||
Cardbus, 蓝牙设备, 以及基于 Atheros 的 IEEE 802.11a/b/g
|
||||
网络接口。 同时, 在 i386 平台上, &os;
|
||||
驱动程序明确不支持的那些网络设备则可能可以通过 &man.ndis.4;
|
||||
兼容层来使用制造商的 µsoft; &windows; 驱动程序来驱动。</para> </listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>更详细的新功能列表可以在 &os; &release.5x; 的发行版发布说明中找到。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="drawbacks">
|
||||
<title>值得注意的变化</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>一些 &os; &release.4x; 到
|
||||
&release.5x; 的变化需要给予特别的关注, 因为它们涉及到了主要的架构变动,
|
||||
或在某些方面破坏了向下兼容性。 尽管这些变动通常不会造成数据丢失,
|
||||
但是它可能会给那些不太注意的人带来困惑。 最明显的例子包括:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- General stuff -->
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&os; 的基本系统中的许多功能转移到了 &os; Ports Collection
|
||||
中, 这样做的原因主要是以这种方式可能更便于维护,
|
||||
或者它们不是系统中的必要组件。 其中最值得关注的是
|
||||
<application>Perl</application> (可以从 &os; Ports
|
||||
Collection 的 <filename
|
||||
role="package">lang/perl5.8</filename> 安装),
|
||||
它的存在曾经使基本系统的升级充满问题。 基本系统中依赖
|
||||
<application>Perl</application> 的实用工具都已经被重写
|
||||
(如果可能) 或删除 (如果已经过时)。<para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>另一些例子包括 <application>UUCP</application>
|
||||
(可以通过 Ports Collection 中的 <filename
|
||||
role="package">net/freebsd-uucp</filename> 来安装), <command>doscmd</command>
|
||||
工具 (<filename
|
||||
role="package">emulators/doscmd</filename>), 以及许多传统的游戏
|
||||
(<filename
|
||||
role="package">games/freebsd-games</filename>)。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Kernel ABI changes -->
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>一些内核数据结构和 ABIs/API
|
||||
的修改会导致许多第三方的预编译设备驱动无法不经修改地在
|
||||
&os; &release.5x; 中正常运行。 某些情况 (当然这种情况非常少)
|
||||
下, 用户可见的数据结构发生了变化,
|
||||
这就需要重新编译应用程序或者重新安装 ports/packages。
|
||||
在 &release.4x; 系列中, &os; 开发团队的目标是不允许后续的
|
||||
&release.5x; 分支上破坏兼容性的修改进入它。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>由于 &os; 某些组件的用户太少而且无人维护,
|
||||
基本系统中的一些部分变得年久失修并被最终删掉。
|
||||
例子之一是生成 <filename>a.out</filename> 格式的可执行文件。
|
||||
<footnote>
|
||||
<para>应当说明的是在 i386 和 pc98 上执行 <filename>a.out</filename>
|
||||
格式的可执行文件仍然可以通过 <literal>COMPAT_AOUT</literal>
|
||||
内核选项来支持。 Ports Collection 中的某些编译器
|
||||
(例如,
|
||||
<filename role="package">lang/gcc28</filename>)
|
||||
仍然能够生成 <filename>a.out</filename>
|
||||
格式的可执行文件。</para>
|
||||
</footnote>
|
||||
XNS 网络支持, 以及 X-10 控制器驱动。 大量的旧式基于
|
||||
ISA 的设备驱动被证明无法正常工作并被删除。 更多信息请参见发布说明。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>在 &os;/i386
|
||||
&release.4x; 中, 对于 ISA 设备的配置最初是在内核编译配置中完成的。
|
||||
这些设置可以在启动时通过交互式的
|
||||
<application>UserConfig</application> 程序来改变。 在 &os;
|
||||
&release.5x; 中, 这两种机制都被
|
||||
&man.device.hints.5; 机制所取代, 它消除了在内核中硬编码进
|
||||
ISA 配置参数的需要。 引导时 ISA 配置不再是菜单驱动的,
|
||||
而改为使用引导加载器的命令行提示来完成。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><filename>MAKEDEV</filename> 不再提供, 也不再需要了。
|
||||
&os; &release.5x; 使用了一种设备文件系统,
|
||||
它能够在需要时自动创建设备节点。
|
||||
对于设备文件系统中项目的配置可以通过 &man.devfs.8; 工具或使用
|
||||
<filename>/etc/devfs.conf</filename> 机制来完成。
|
||||
更详细的情况可以在 &man.devfs.5; 联机手册中找到。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>UFS2 成为了 &man.newfs.8; 默认创建的磁盘文件系统格式。
|
||||
在除 pc98 之外的所有平台上, 它也是在磁盘 &man.sysinstall.8;
|
||||
分区界面上的默认格式。 由于
|
||||
&os; &release.4x; 只能支持 UFS1 (而不支持 UFS2),
|
||||
必须同时在 &release.5x; 和
|
||||
&release.4x; 中访问的文件系统必须采用 UFS1。 这可以通过
|
||||
&man.newfs.8; 的 <option>-O1</option> 选项,
|
||||
或者在 &man.sysinstall.8; 的磁盘分区的界面中按 1 来指定。
|
||||
这一状况通常发生在饱含双启动的 &os; &release.4x; 和 &os;
|
||||
&release.5x; 的系统中。 另外请注意没有办法在两种格式之间进行转换
|
||||
(除非备份, 重建文件系统, 然后恢复数据)。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Userland -->
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>由于 <application>GCC</application> 编译器的升级,
|
||||
C++ 程序基本上都需要重新编译和安装。 这是因为 C++
|
||||
ABI 的变动。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>运行为 &os; &release.4x; 编译的程序可能需要依赖于
|
||||
<filename>compat4x</filename> 软件包 (或与之等价的
|
||||
<filename role="package">misc/compat4x</filename>
|
||||
package/port) 的帮助。 不过, 如果系统中的任何
|
||||
ports 或 packages 需要升级, 则通常建议重新联编并安装
|
||||
<emphasis>所有</emphasis> 已经安装的 port。
|
||||
这将防止一些程序在与新旧的库同时连接时可能出现的问题。
|
||||
<filename role="package">sysutils/portupgrade</filename>
|
||||
对您重新安装 ports 会有很大的帮助。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>注意还是有一些不兼容的情形。 例如,
|
||||
<filename
|
||||
role="package">devel/gnomevfs2</filename>, <filename
|
||||
role="package">mail/postfix</filename>, 以及 <filename
|
||||
role="package">security/cfs</filename> 这些 ports
|
||||
需要重新编译, 因为 <literal>statfs</literal>
|
||||
结构发生了变化。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><filename>host.conf</filename> 解析器服务的配置文件被
|
||||
(更为通用的) &man.nsswitch.conf.5; 名字服务开关配置机制所取代。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><application>BIND</application> 从版本 8 升级到了版本 9。
|
||||
在 BIND 8 和 9 之间有很多差别。 运行关键 &man.named.8;
|
||||
服务的用户应该阅读
|
||||
<filename>/usr/share/doc/bind9/misc/migration</filename>
|
||||
这份迁移指南。 此外在
|
||||
<filename>/usr/share/doc/bind9/arm</filename>
|
||||
也有一份安装手册。 在运行 &man.named.8; 的系统上,
|
||||
它会默认在 <filename>/var/named</filename> 的 &man.chroot.8;
|
||||
环境中运行。 在 <filename>/var/named</filename> 中有既存的
|
||||
&man.named.8; 配置的用户应该首先备份它, 以避免这些设置被
|
||||
&man.named.8; 的启动脚本所覆盖。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Ports -->
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>来自 <application>&xorg;</application> 的
|
||||
X Window System 实现从 5.3-RELEASE 开始成为了
|
||||
&os; &release.5x; 的默认。 撰写本文时,
|
||||
<application>&xfree86;</application> 依然是
|
||||
&os; &release.4x; 默认的 X Window 系统。
|
||||
关于这两个版本的差异的详情, 以及如何升级现有系统,
|
||||
可以在 &os; 使用手册的 <ulink
|
||||
url="&url.books.handbook;/x11.html">X Window System</ulink>
|
||||
一章中找到。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Documentation -->
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>文档 (例如 &os; <ulink
|
||||
url="&url.books.handbook;/index.html">使用手册</ulink>
|
||||
和 <ulink
|
||||
url="&url.books.faq;/index.html">FAQ</ulink>)
|
||||
仍然在持续更新以反映 &os; &release.5x; 的最新变化。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>更详细的资料可以在 &os; &release.5x; 发行版本的发布说明, 以及 &os; 源代码中的
|
||||
<filename>src/UPDATING</filename> 中找到。 重要的
|
||||
&os; Ports Collection 变动会在 <filename>ports/UPDATING</filename> 和
|
||||
<filename>ports/CHANGES</filename> 两个文件中列出并说明。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="upgrade">
|
||||
<title>从 &os; &release.4x; 升级需要注意的事项</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>对于那些使用现有的 &os; 系统的用户, 这一节提供了一些将现有的 &os;
|
||||
&release.4x; 系统升级到
|
||||
&release.5x; 的说明。 同任何 &os; 升级一样,
|
||||
阅读发布说明以及那个版本的发行版勘误, 以及在源代码升级时阅读
|
||||
<filename>src/UPDATING</filename> 文件都是至关重要的。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>使用预编译的版本升级</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><quote>备份全部数据, 重新格式化, 重新安装, 然后恢复用户数据</quote>
|
||||
可能是最为简单的升级方式。
|
||||
这会消除任何不兼容或由于过时的可执行文件和配置文件的污染造成的问题。
|
||||
这也使得您能够创建新的文件系统并利用它们的提供的功能
|
||||
(最值得关注的是默认的 UFS2)。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>撰写本文时, &man.sysinstall.8;
|
||||
中使用预编译版本升级的选项还没有针对跨主要版本的升级进行严格的测试。
|
||||
不推荐您使用这个功能。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>一些变化对于那些使用软盘引导和安装 &os; &release.4x;
|
||||
的用户来说相当振奋人心。 安装软盘 (当然是在支持它们的平台上,
|
||||
例如 i386), 在组织结构上与过去相比作了大幅度改进。
|
||||
在 &release.4x; 版本中,
|
||||
软盘中包含一个只提供了足以将系统安装上的功能的内核。
|
||||
这个设计使得内河能够放在一张软盘之内,
|
||||
但缺少了某些硬件配置所需要的设备驱动程序。 从 &os;
|
||||
5.3-RELEASE 开始, 安装软盘中也采用了标准的
|
||||
<literal>GENERIC</literal> 内核, 它被切分成多个片断放在多张软盘上,
|
||||
引导加载器会在需要时提示插入需要的其他磁盘。 下载软盘镜像的用户
|
||||
(可能准备进行网络安装) 需要注意启动软盘现在变成了三张:
|
||||
<filename>boot.flp</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>kern1.flp</filename>, 以及
|
||||
<filename>kern2.flp</filename>。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>在 i386 架构上的 CDROM 现在采用了
|
||||
<quote>no-emulation</quote> 引导加载器。 除了其他好处之外,
|
||||
这样使得直接使用 <literal>GENERIC</literal>
|
||||
内核而不是先前版本中软盘镜像的那个削减过的内核成为可能。
|
||||
一般来说, 能够从 µsoft;
|
||||
&windowsnt; 4, &windows2k;, 或 &windowsxp; 安装
|
||||
CDROM 的机器应该能够正确使用 &os; &release.5x; CDROM。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>源代码升级</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>许多用户和开发人员会觉得备份全部数据和配置文件
|
||||
(这是预防任何意外的好习惯), 完成使用预编译版本的升级,
|
||||
(例如从 CDROM), 然后恢复数据是一种更方便的做法。
|
||||
与源代码升级相比, 这种方式不需要处理磁盘上遗留的文件,
|
||||
并使得系统能够从新的文件系统, 如 UFS2 中受益。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>不熟悉
|
||||
<literal>buildworld</literal>/<literal>installworld</literal>
|
||||
过程的用户在升级 &os; 的时候 <emphasis>不</emphasis>
|
||||
应该尝试源代码升级, 他们应该考虑使用预编译版本的升级。</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>从源代码升级的过程实际上就是联编一系列源代码并生成本机上的可执行文件。
|
||||
这一操作是通过
|
||||
<literal>buildworld</literal>/<literal>installworld</literal>
|
||||
来完成的, 通常被熟练的 &os; 用户用以追踪开发分支 (例如 &os.stable; 或者
|
||||
&os.current;)。 一般来说, 这一过程要比从预编译的安装包升级麻烦一些,
|
||||
但对于系统配置文件较为复杂或进行了大量定制的用户可能会比较有用。
|
||||
源代码升级对于只能从远程操纵服务器的管理员也尤为有用
|
||||
(因为这种情况无法使用安装介质)。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>一定要记得阅读 <filename>src/UPDATING</filename>。
|
||||
标题为 <quote>To upgrade in-place from
|
||||
4.x-stable to current</quote> 的部分包含了如何一步一步地进行更新的过程,
|
||||
必须严格地按照它来操作, 而不要走某些用户偶尔会用的 <quote>捷径</quote>。
|
||||
下面是一个带注释的升级步骤概述:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<orderedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>制作备份。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这一步的重要性绝不是夸大其辞。 备份所有用户数据和配置文件非常的重要。
|
||||
通过 &man.dump.8; 进行零级的转储是一个完成这项工作的好办法,
|
||||
当然, 也还有很多可用的其他方法。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>确保有 30MB 的剩余磁盘空间在
|
||||
<filename>/</filename> 文件系统上。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; &release.5x; 需要使用比 &os;
|
||||
&release.4x; 更多的磁盘空间。 如果 <filename>/tmp</filename>
|
||||
目录是在 <filename>/</filename> 文件系统上的 (这是非常常见的情况),
|
||||
删除其中的所有内容将会有助于释放所需的空间。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>如果需要, 修正 <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这只影响到较老的 &os;/i386 系统。 这些系统采用
|
||||
MBR-风格的磁盘 slice, &os; 过去支持 <quote>兼容
|
||||
slices</quote>, 也就是可以使用形如
|
||||
<filename>/dev/ad0a</filename> 的名字 (而不明确指定
|
||||
slice 的名字)。 这一特性不再被支持了;
|
||||
磁盘分区的名字必须符合类似
|
||||
<filename>/dev/ad0s1a</filename> 的样子。 换言之,
|
||||
现在磁盘分区必须明确指定磁盘设备、 slice 号,
|
||||
以及分区字母。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>请注意 <quote>兼容 slices</quote>
|
||||
从 &os; 2.2.6-RELEASE 开始已经不是默认的了。
|
||||
这一内容也不适用于 &os;/alpha, 或使用
|
||||
<quote>危险独占 (dangerously dediated)</quote> 模式。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>使用 &man.cvs.1; 或其他等价的工具来获取
|
||||
&os; 基本系统源代码的副本
|
||||
(<filename>src/</filename> 模块)。 要从 CVS 代码库提取
|
||||
5.3-RELEASE, 使用
|
||||
<literal>RELENG_5_3_0_RELEASE</literal> tag。
|
||||
如果想得到 5.3 发行版和安全分支的更新, 使用
|
||||
<literal>RELENG_5_3</literal> tag。 要是用 &os;
|
||||
5-STABLE 开发分支, 则应采用 <literal>RELENG_5</literal> 分支 tag。
|
||||
当使用 CVS 提取代码树时, 使用 CVS 的
|
||||
<option>-P</option> 参数很有用, 它将自动删除空的目录。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>&os; &release.5x; 需要在系统的口令和用户组描述文件中增加一些新的项,
|
||||
以适应各种系统服务的需要。 这些应该使用:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mergemaster -p</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>来安装。 这一步骤是必须的, 它将确保系统中有所需的用户和组身份。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>注意在 &os; &release.5x; 中,
|
||||
&man.nologin.8; 工具的位置从
|
||||
<filename>/sbin/nologin</filename> 变成了
|
||||
<filename>/usr/sbin/nologin</filename>。 由于许多伪用户使用
|
||||
&man.nologin.8; 作为它们的登录 shell, 这一变动需要对
|
||||
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> 进行更多的修改。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>联编整个系统所需的执行文件和库:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/src</userinput>
|
||||
&prompt.root; <userinput>make buildworld</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果 <varname>CPUTYPE</varname> 在
|
||||
<filename>/etc/make.conf</filename> 中进行了定义,
|
||||
则应采用 <literal>?=</literal> 操作符, 这样
|
||||
<literal>buildworld</literal> 过程能够在需要时采用其他设置。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>注意 <varname>MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX</varname> 绝对
|
||||
<emphasis>不能够</emphasis> 在
|
||||
<filename>/etc/make.conf</filename> 中定义。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>基本上, 绝大多数 <filename>/etc/make.conf</filename>
|
||||
中定义的 <quote>开关</quote> 都应被注释掉或删除。
|
||||
特别是可能会影响 &os; 联编或基本操作的那些, 例如
|
||||
<varname>NO_TOOLCHAIN</varname>。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>使用下面的命令联编并安装新的内核:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>make buildkernel</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>注意您必须使用 <literal>buildkernel</literal>
|
||||
&man.make.1; 对象来确保编译的内核采用了上面
|
||||
<literal>buildworld</literal> 过程中生成的编译工具。
|
||||
手工使用 &man.config.8;
|
||||
来创建内核联编区域并尝试联编它可能会不正常。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>虽然联编 (以及在安装之后) 一个定制的内核是可行的, 但使用
|
||||
<literal>GENERIC</literal> 内核并随后安装定制的内核配置能够规避风险。
|
||||
当尝试首次定制内核时, 强烈建议采用 &os; &release.5x;
|
||||
的 <literal>GENERIC</literal> 作为模板,
|
||||
因为大量的设备和选项和 &release.4x; 中有相当大的不同。
|
||||
在配置文件中加入 <literal>COMPAT_FREEBSD4</literal>
|
||||
对于成功的升级至关重要。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>使用下面的命令为 ISA 设备配置设备线索文件。
|
||||
您需要使用适当的硬件架构名称
|
||||
(例如 <literal>i386</literal>) 来换掉
|
||||
<replaceable>MACHINE</replaceable>。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cp sys/<replaceable>MACHINE</replaceable>/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>虽然说空的设备线索文件对于现代的硬件应该是足够了,
|
||||
ISA 线索对于适用定制的 ISA 非PNP卡
|
||||
(可能还需要定制的线索) 来说仍然是需要的,
|
||||
特别是那些没有采用 PNPBIOS 的系统, 或者软驱无法配合
|
||||
PNPBIOS 系统正常工作的机器上。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>用下面的命令安装新内核:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>make installkernel</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>请注意尽管 &os; &release.4x; 内核默认会安装成
|
||||
<filename>/kernel</filename>, &os;
|
||||
&release.5x; 的内核会安装到
|
||||
<filename>/boot/kernel/kernel</filename>。 在
|
||||
&release.4x; 中内核模块一般是安装到
|
||||
<filename>/modules</filename> 目录, 而在
|
||||
&release.5x; 中它们会被安装到
|
||||
<filename>/boot/kernel</filename>。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>使用下面的命令来安装 &os; &release.5x; 引导加载器:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/src/sys/boot</userinput>
|
||||
&prompt.root; <userinput>make STRIP="" install</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>虽然这一步是可选的, 但强烈建议您这么做。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>禁用第三方模块 (例如用于 VMware 的那些) 以避免由于内核
|
||||
ABIs 或其他不兼容所造成的崩溃。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>重新引导进入单用户模式。 此时必须重新启动,
|
||||
因为新的内核是运行新联编好的应用程序所必须的。
|
||||
在单用户模式能够极大地减少在其他程序正在运行的同时进行升级所可能带来的问题。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>用下面的命令来挂接需要的文件系统:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>fsck -p</userinput>
|
||||
&prompt.root; <userinput>mount -uw /</userinput>
|
||||
&prompt.root; <userinput>mount -at ufs</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>请注意执行 &man.fsck.8; 是升级到
|
||||
&os; &release.5x; 所必须的步骤, 它将修改磁盘的超级块中的统计数据。
|
||||
如果系统时钟使用的是本地时间而非 UTC 时间, 您还需要执行:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>adjkerntz -i</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这一步中, 您可能会在控制台上看到这样的信息
|
||||
(会有很多次):</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>WARNING: userland calling deprecated sysctl, please rebuild world</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>您可以简单地忽略它们。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>使用下面的命令删除 C++ 头文件:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>rm -rf /usr/include/g++</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这将防止以后的编译过程错误地使用
|
||||
<application>GCC</application> 2.95 C++ 编译器附带的旧的头文件。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>安装新的可执行文件和库以及其他数据:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /usr/src</userinput>
|
||||
&prompt.root; <userinput>make installworld</userinput></screen>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>在运行 &man.named.8; 的系统上, 它的配置文件需要挪到
|
||||
<filename>/var/named</filename> 的 &man.chroot.8; 区域中。 如果在
|
||||
<filename>/var/named</filename> 中有有用的文件, 则应该进行备份。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /etc</userinput>
|
||||
&prompt.root; <userinput>mv named named.bak</userinput>
|
||||
&prompt.root; <userinput>mkdir -p /var/named/etc/namedb</userinput>
|
||||
&prompt.root; <userinput>cp -Rp named.bak/* /var/named/etc/namedb</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果配置中使用了生成的
|
||||
<filename>localhost</filename> 文件, 需要用下面的命令来重新生成它们:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /var/named/etc/namedb</userinput>
|
||||
&prompt.root; <userinput>/bin/sh make-localhost</userinput>
|
||||
&prompt.root; <userinput>rm -f localhost-v6.rev localhost.rev</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>运行下面的命令更新系统配置文件:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mergemaster -i</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这步不是可选的。 必须让
|
||||
<filename>/etc</filename> 中的启动脚本和配置文件与新的内核及用户执行文件匹配。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>在执行了 &man.mergemaster.8; 之后,
|
||||
最好是看一看 (并适当地修改)
|
||||
<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename>。
|
||||
这个文件中所定义的许多变量的默认值发生了变化;
|
||||
特别是许多在 &release.4x; 中默认开启的服务在
|
||||
&release.5x; 中不再默认开启了。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>删除遗留的 <application>BIND 8</application>
|
||||
文件:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>rm /usr/bin/dnskeygen /usr/bin/dnsquery</userinput>
|
||||
&prompt.root; <userinput>rm /usr/libexec/named-xfer</userinput>
|
||||
&prompt.root; <userinput>rm /usr/sbin/named.restart /usr/sbin/ndc</userinput></screen>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>重新启动。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</orderedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>升级了基本系统之后,
|
||||
您通常还需要升级一些非基本系统的组件才能够完全使系统恢复正常。
|
||||
<application>Perl</application> 现在不再是基本系统的一部分了,
|
||||
需要从 Ports Collection (具体来说, <filename
|
||||
role="package">lang/perl5.8</filename> port) 或
|
||||
package 安装。 安装之后, 所有依赖
|
||||
<application>Perl</application> 的应用程序都应重新安装。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>运行 &os; &release.4x; 的可执行文件需要一系列兼容库。
|
||||
它们可以通过使用 <filename
|
||||
role="package">misc/compat4x</filename> package/port
|
||||
来安装。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>就像前一节中所提到的那样,
|
||||
<application>&xorg;</application> 是系统中默认的 X Window
|
||||
System 实现。 Ports Collection
|
||||
(以及 packages) 都可能会依赖它。
|
||||
要将现有的窗口系统从 <application>&xfree86;</application> 转到
|
||||
<application>&xorg;</application>, 请参考 &os; 手册中的 <ulink
|
||||
url="&url.books.handbook;/x-install.html">安装
|
||||
X11</ulink> 一节。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="summary">
|
||||
|
||||
<title>总结</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这篇文档介绍了 &os; &release.5x; 中最值得注意的新特性,
|
||||
并列举了一些在升级现有的 &os; &release.4x; 系统时需要注意的问题。
|
||||
它还展示了两组升级方法, 一种是从安装介质中使用预编译的版本,
|
||||
而另一种则是从源代码重新编译整个基本系统。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../..
|
||||
.ifdef NO_LANGCODE_IN_DESTDIR
|
||||
DESTDIR?= ${DOCDIR}/errata
|
||||
.else
|
||||
DESTDIR?= ${DOCDIR}/zh_CN.GB2312/errata
|
||||
.endif
|
||||
|
||||
DOC?= article
|
||||
FORMATS?= html
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz
|
||||
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
|
||||
|
||||
# SGML content
|
||||
SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
FreeBSD errata document. Unlike some of the other RELNOTESng
|
||||
files, this file should remain as a single SGML file, so that
|
||||
the dollar FreeBSD dollar header has a meaningful modification
|
||||
time. This file is all but useless without a datestamp on it,
|
||||
so we'll take some extra care to make sure it has one.
|
||||
|
||||
(If we didn't do this, then the file with the datestamp might
|
||||
not be the one that received the last change in the document.)
|
||||
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.69.2.1
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.bugfix "5.3-RELEASE">
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<article>
|
||||
<articleinfo>
|
||||
<title>&os; &release.current; 发行版勘误</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<corpauthor>
|
||||
The &os; Project
|
||||
</corpauthor>
|
||||
|
||||
<pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
|
||||
|
||||
<copyright>
|
||||
<year>2000</year>
|
||||
<year>2001</year>
|
||||
<year>2002</year>
|
||||
<year>2003</year>
|
||||
<year>2004</year>
|
||||
<holder role="mailto:[email protected]">The FreeBSD Documentation Project</holder>
|
||||
</copyright>
|
||||
|
||||
<legalnotice id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
|
||||
&tm-attrib.freebsd;
|
||||
&tm-attrib.intel;
|
||||
&tm-attrib.sparc;
|
||||
&tm-attrib.general;
|
||||
</legalnotice>
|
||||
</articleinfo>
|
||||
|
||||
<abstract>
|
||||
<para>这份文档列出了 &os; &release.current; 的勘误内容,
|
||||
这包括在发行版发布之后, 或在发行版制作过程后期发现的重大问题,
|
||||
而由于种种原因这样的问题可能无法在发布版本的文档中体现。
|
||||
这些信息包括安全公告, 以及可能影响其操作或可用性的软件或文档变动。
|
||||
在您安装此版本的 &os; 之前, 应首先参考这份文档的最新版本。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>此 &os; &release.current; 的勘误文档将被持续维护,
|
||||
直到 &os; 的下一个版本 &release.next; 发布为止。</para>
|
||||
</abstract>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="intro">
|
||||
<title>Introduction</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这份勘误文档包括了关于 &os; &release.current; 的
|
||||
<quote>重大新闻</quote>。 在安装此版本之前,
|
||||
参考这份文档以了解是否在发布之后发现了什么问题非常重要,
|
||||
因为这里也会指出如何修正它们。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>随发行版本而发布的这份文档 (例如, 在 CDROM 发行包中附带的)
|
||||
一般来说是过时的, 但在 Internet 上的副本会被随时更新,
|
||||
应作为这一发行版的 <quote>最新勘误</quote> 看待。
|
||||
这些副本可以在 <ulink
|
||||
url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/"></ulink>,
|
||||
以及所有保持与其同步的镜像上找到。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; &release.branch; 的源代码和预编译的快照版本也包含这份文档的最新版本
|
||||
(在制作那份快照时最新的)。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>要了解全部的 &os; CERT 安全公告, 请访问 <ulink
|
||||
url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/security/"></ulink> 或 <ulink
|
||||
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/"></ulink>。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="security">
|
||||
<title>安全公告</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>目前尚无安全公告。</para>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="open-issues">
|
||||
<title>存在的问题</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>目前尚无问题。</para>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="late-news">
|
||||
<title>重大新闻</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>无新闻。</para>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
|
||||
# The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
#
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.6
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../..
|
||||
|
||||
SUBDIR= amd64
|
||||
SUBDIR+= i386
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
|
||||
# The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
#
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.3
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
.ifdef NO_LANGCODE_IN_DESTDIR
|
||||
DESTDIR?= ${DOCDIR}/hardware/${.CURDIR:T}
|
||||
.else
|
||||
DESTDIR?= ${DOCDIR}/zh_CN.GB2312/hardware/${.CURDIR:T}
|
||||
.endif
|
||||
|
||||
# Force include of the autogenerated catalog. It has to be set
|
||||
# directly in the CATALOG variable since doc.docbook.mk check if each
|
||||
# catalog file exist for the other *CATALOG variables, and
|
||||
# catalog-auto does not exist yet when that check is performed,
|
||||
# causing catalog-auto not to be added to CATALOGS which breaks the
|
||||
# build.
|
||||
CATALOGS+= -c ${DEV-AUTODIR}/catalog-auto
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
|
||||
# The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
#
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.2
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
DOC?= article
|
||||
FORMATS?= html
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz
|
||||
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
|
||||
|
||||
JADEFLAGS+= -V %generate-article-toc%
|
||||
|
||||
# SGML content
|
||||
SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= proc-amd64.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/hw.ent
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/artheader.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/dev.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ${DEV-AUTODIR}/catalog-auto
|
||||
SRCS+= ${DEV-AUTODIR}/dev-auto.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.3
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % devauto PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Auto Generated Device Lists//EN">
|
||||
%devauto;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/hw.ent"> %sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch "amd64">
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch.print "AMD64">
|
||||
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<article>
|
||||
&artheader;
|
||||
§.intro;
|
||||
§.proc.amd64;
|
||||
§.dev;
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.3.4.1
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
-->
|
||||
<sect1 id="proc">
|
||||
<title>支持的处理器和主板</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>从 2003 年中开始, &os;/&arch; 提供了 &arch.print;
|
||||
(<quote>Hammer</quote>) 和 Intel EM64T 架构的支持,
|
||||
现在则更成为了 Tier-1 平台 (完全支持的架构),
|
||||
您可以预期它在 &os; 操作系统的各个方面拥有产品级的品质,
|
||||
包括安装和开发环境。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>请注意这个架构有两个名字,
|
||||
AMD64 (AMD) 和 Intel EM64T (扩展内存 64-位 技术)。
|
||||
两种架构的 64-位 模式几乎是完全相互兼容的,
|
||||
而 &os;/&arch; 则应该两者都能支持。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>撰写本文时, 已经确认能够支持下列处理器:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>AMD Athlon64 (<quote>Clawhammer</quote>).</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>AMD Opteron (<quote>Sledgehammer</quote>).</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>Intel 64-位 至强 (<quote>Nacona</quote>).
|
||||
这款处理器采用 90nm 制程工艺制造, 运行于
|
||||
2.80 到 3.60 GHz (FSB 800MHz) 并配合 Intel E7520/E7525/E7320 芯片组。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>支持 Intel EM64T 的 Intel 奔腾 4 处理器
|
||||
(<quote>Prescott</quote>).
|
||||
这些处理器采用 90nm 制程工艺制造,
|
||||
使用 FC-LGA775 封装, 运行于 3.20F/3.40F/3.60F GHz
|
||||
并配合 Intel 925X Express 芯片组。
|
||||
相关的 S-Spec 编号为 SL7L9, SL7L8, SL7LA, SL7NZ, SL7PZ,
|
||||
和 SL7PX。 请注意标记为 5xx 号的处理器并不支持
|
||||
EM64T。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Intel EM64T 是 IA-32 (x86) 的一个扩展版本, 并不同于
|
||||
Intel IA-64 (安腾) 架构, 后者为 &os;/ia64 所支持。
|
||||
一些 Intel 的较早的文档将 Intel EM64T 称为
|
||||
<quote>64-位扩展技术</quote> 或 <quote>IA-32e</quote>。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>目前为止测试过的最大内存配置是 8GB。 SMP 支持已经于近日完工,
|
||||
并相当稳定了。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>在许多方面, &os;/&arch; 和 &os;/i386 非常相像, 特别是所支持的设备方面。
|
||||
在 64-位 代码清理以及一些 (特别是旧的) 驱动方面还存在一些问题。
|
||||
一般来说, 在其他 64-位 平台上运行正常的驱动应该可以使用。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os;/&arch; 是 &os; 一个非常年轻的平台。 尽管核心的
|
||||
&os; 内核和基本系统组件是相当健壮的,
|
||||
但可能还存在一些不太完善的地方, 特别是对第三方软件包的支持方面。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.5
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<articleinfo>
|
||||
<title>&os;/&arch; &release.current; 兼容硬件说明</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<corpauthor>The FreeBSD Documentation Project</corpauthor>
|
||||
|
||||
<copyright>
|
||||
<year>2000</year>
|
||||
<year>2001</year>
|
||||
<year>2002</year>
|
||||
<year>2003</year>
|
||||
<year>2004</year>
|
||||
<holder role="mailto:[email protected]">The FreeBSD Documentation Project</holder>
|
||||
</copyright>
|
||||
</articleinfo>
|
||||
File diff suppressed because it is too large.
Load diff
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
|
||||
<!-- -*- sgml -*- -->
|
||||
<!-- Original Revision: 1.5 -->
|
||||
<!-- $FreeBSD$ -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Text constants which probably don't need to be changed.-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Files to be included -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY artheader SYSTEM "../common/artheader.sgml">
|
||||
<!ENTITY sect.intro SYSTEM "../common/intro.sgml">
|
||||
<!ENTITY sect.proc.alpha SYSTEM "../alpha/proc-alpha.sgml">
|
||||
<!ENTITY sect.proc.amd64 SYSTEM "../amd64/proc-amd64.sgml">
|
||||
<!ENTITY sect.proc.i386 SYSTEM "../i386/proc-i386.sgml">
|
||||
<!ENTITY sect.proc.ia64 SYSTEM "../ia64/proc-ia64.sgml">
|
||||
<!ENTITY sect.proc.pc98 SYSTEM "../pc98/proc-pc98.sgml">
|
||||
<!ENTITY sect.proc.sparc64 SYSTEM "../sparc64/proc-sparc64.sgml">
|
||||
<!ENTITY sect.dev SYSTEM "../common/dev.sgml">
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.6
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="intro">
|
||||
<title>介绍</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这份文档包含了 &os; &release.current; (也记为 &os;/&arch; &release.current;)
|
||||
在 &arch.print; 硬件平台上的兼容硬件说明。 它列出了已知能够在这一平台上使用的硬件,
|
||||
以及一些有用的启动时内核定制项, 用以支持新的设备。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>这份文档包含的信息是 &arch.print;
|
||||
硬件平台所专用的。 不同硬件架构上的硬件兼容说明可能有一些细节上的差异。</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="ia64">关于 &os;/&arch; 的更多信息可以在
|
||||
<ulink url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/platforms/ia64/index.html">&os;/&arch;
|
||||
Project</ulink> 上找到。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
|
||||
# The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.6
|
||||
#
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
DOC?= article
|
||||
FORMATS?= html
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz
|
||||
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
|
||||
|
||||
JADEFLAGS+= -V %generate-article-toc%
|
||||
|
||||
# SGML content
|
||||
SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= proc-i386.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/hw.ent
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/artheader.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/dev.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ${DEV-AUTODIR}/catalog-auto
|
||||
SRCS+= ${DEV-AUTODIR}/dev-auto.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.6
|
||||
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % devauto PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Auto Generated Device Lists//EN">
|
||||
%devauto;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/hw.ent"> %sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch "i386">
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch.print "i386">
|
||||
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<article>
|
||||
&artheader;
|
||||
§.intro;
|
||||
§.proc.i386;
|
||||
§.dev;
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.13
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
-->
|
||||
<sect1 id="proc">
|
||||
<title>支持的处理器和主板</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os;/i386 能够在各式各样的 <quote>IBM PC
|
||||
兼容</quote> 机器上运行。 由于这种架构的硬件非常多,
|
||||
不可能详尽地列举 &os; 所支持的所有设备组合。
|
||||
不过, 这里给出了一些一般的指导原则。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>几乎所有的 i386-兼容 处理器都能被很好地支持。 &os; 支持从 80386 开始的所有
|
||||
Intel 处理器, 包括 80386, 80486, Pentium, Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III,
|
||||
Pentium 4, 以及它们的一些变体, 例如 Xeon (至强) 和 Celeron (赛扬)
|
||||
处理器。 (不过, &os; 5.2-RELEASE 和之后的版本不再支持
|
||||
80386SX 处理器。) 所有 i386-兼容 的 AMD 处理器也被支持, 这包括
|
||||
Am486, Am5x86, K5, K6
|
||||
(及其变体), Athlon (包括 Athlon-MP, Athlon-XP, Athlon-4,
|
||||
以及 Athlon Thunderbird), 还有 Duron 处理器。 AMD
|
||||
Élan SC520 嵌入式处理器也在支持之列。 Transmeta
|
||||
Crusoe 被视为支持的处理器, 此外, 还包括来自 Cyrix 和 NexGen
|
||||
的 i386-兼容 处理器。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这类架构的主板型号也非常众多。 使用
|
||||
ISA, VLB, EISA, AGP, 和 PCI 扩展总线的主板的支持非常完善。
|
||||
此外, 对 IBM PS/2 系列 PC 的 MCA (<quote>MicroChannel</quote>)
|
||||
扩展总线也提供了有限的支持。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>一般而言, &os; 支持对称多处理器 (SMP) 的系统, 尽管一些时候
|
||||
BIOS 或主板的问题可能会造成麻烦。 &a.smp;
|
||||
邮件列表的存档可能能提供一些线索。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; 能够利用 Intel CPU 的超线程 (HTT) 支持并从中受益。 启用了
|
||||
<literal>options SMP</literal> 的内核能够自动检测到附加的逻辑处理器。
|
||||
默认的 &os; 调度器将逻辑处理器等同于一些额外的物理处理爱;
|
||||
换言之, 它不会尝试根据同一 CPU 上的逻辑处理器对调度决策实施优化。
|
||||
由于这种简单的调度策略会导致性能不够理想, 某些情况下通过设置
|
||||
<varname>machdep.hlt_logical_cpus</varname> sysctl
|
||||
变量来禁止逻辑处理器可能会改善性能。 此外, 也可以使用
|
||||
<varname>machdep.hlt_cpus</varname> sysctl
|
||||
变量设置空闲循环来禁用某个特定的逻辑处理器。 请参考
|
||||
&man.smp.4; 联机手册来了解详情。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; 能够利用支持物理地址扩展 (PAE) 的 CPU 上的这种能力。
|
||||
启用了 <literal>PAE</literal> 特性的内核能够检测高于 4GB
|
||||
的内存并使用它们。 这一特性对设备驱动和 &os;
|
||||
能够利用的其它特性有一些约束, 请参考 &man.pae.4; 联机手册了解详情。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>一般来说, &os; 能够在基于 i386 的笔记本上运行, 虽然对于特定硬件特性,
|
||||
例如声音, 图形, 电源管理, 以及 PCCARD 扩展槽的支持可能存在程度上的差异。
|
||||
这些特性在不同的机器上迥然不同, 通常需要 &os; 对它们进行各式各样的支持特例,
|
||||
以绕过硬件的问题或其他诡异的毛病。 如有怀疑, 请搜索
|
||||
&a.mobile; 邮件列表的存档以得到有用的资料。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>绝大多数较新的笔记本 (以及许多桌面机) 都使用了高级配置和电源管理
|
||||
(ACPI) 标准。 &os; 通过来自 Intel 的 ACPI 组件架构参考实现来支持 ACPI,
|
||||
在 &man.acpi.4; 联机手册中提供了它的介绍。 在一些机器上使用 ACPI
|
||||
可能会造成不稳定, 此时您可能需要禁用 ACPI 驱动程序,
|
||||
它通常是通过内核模块来加载的。 您可以通过在
|
||||
<filename>/boot/device.hints</filename> 增加下面的行来达到目的:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<programlisting>hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"</programlisting>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>调试 ACPI 相关问题的用户可能会发现禁用一部分 ACPI
|
||||
功能会很有用。 &man.acpi.4;
|
||||
联机手册提供了关于如何在引导夹在其中进行设置来完成这些工作的详细信息。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>ACPI 依赖于由 BIOS 提供的 Differentiated System Descriptor Table
|
||||
(DSDT)。 一些机器上的 DSDT 无效或不完整, 这可能会导致 ACPI
|
||||
无法正常工作。 用于替代某些机器上的 DSDT 可以在 <ulink
|
||||
url="http://acpi.sourceforge.net/">ACPI4Linux</ulink> 项目的网站中的
|
||||
<ulink
|
||||
url="http://acpi.sourceforge.net/dsdt/index.php">DSDT</ulink>
|
||||
部分找到。 &os; 可以使用这些 DSDT 来代替由 BIOS 提供的
|
||||
DSDT; 参见 &man.acpi.4; 联机手册以获得更多信息。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.6
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../..
|
||||
|
||||
SUBDIR = alpha
|
||||
SUBDIR+= amd64
|
||||
SUBDIR+= ia64
|
||||
SUBDIR+= i386
|
||||
SUBDIR+= pc98
|
||||
SUBDIR+= sparc64
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.2
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
.ifdef NO_LANGCODE_IN_DESTDIR
|
||||
DESTDIR?= ${DOCDIR}/installation/${.CURDIR:T}
|
||||
.else
|
||||
DESTDIR?= ${DOCDIR}/zh_CN.GB2312/installation/${.CURDIR:T}
|
||||
.endif
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.4
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
DOC?= article
|
||||
FORMATS?= html
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz
|
||||
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
|
||||
|
||||
# SGML content
|
||||
SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/artheader.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/abstract.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/install.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/layout.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/trouble.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/upgrade.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.4
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/install.ent">
|
||||
%sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch "alpha">
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch.print "Alpha/AXP">
|
||||
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<article>
|
||||
&artheader;
|
||||
&abstract;
|
||||
§.install;
|
||||
§.layout;
|
||||
§.upgrade;
|
||||
§.trouble;
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.1
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
DOC?= article
|
||||
FORMATS?= html
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz
|
||||
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
|
||||
|
||||
# SGML content
|
||||
SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/artheader.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/abstract.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/install.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/layout.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/trouble.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/upgrade.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.2
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/install.ent">
|
||||
%sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch "amd64">
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch.print "AMD64">
|
||||
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<article>
|
||||
&artheader;
|
||||
&abstract;
|
||||
§.install;
|
||||
§.layout;
|
||||
§.upgrade;
|
||||
§.trouble;
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.2
|
||||
$FreeBSD$ -->
|
||||
|
||||
<abstract>
|
||||
<para>这篇文章对安装
|
||||
&os;/&arch; &release.current; 作了一些简短的说明,特别强调了如何获取
|
||||
&os; 发行版本。 也给出了发现并解决的故障和频繁被问到的问题的记录。</para>
|
||||
</abstract>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.5
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<articleinfo>
|
||||
<title>&os;/&arch; &release.current; °²×°ËµÃ÷Êé</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<corpauthor>
|
||||
The &os; Project
|
||||
</corpauthor>
|
||||
|
||||
<copyright>
|
||||
<year>2000</year>
|
||||
<year>2001</year>
|
||||
<year>2002</year>
|
||||
<year>2003</year>
|
||||
<year>2004</year>
|
||||
<holder role="mailto:[email protected]">The FreeBSD Documentation Project</holder>
|
||||
</copyright>
|
||||
</articleinfo>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
|
||||
<!-- -*- sgml -*- -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.2
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Text constants which probably don't need to be changed.-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Files to be included -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY artheader SYSTEM "artheader.sgml">
|
||||
<!ENTITY abstract SYSTEM "abstract.sgml">
|
||||
<!ENTITY sect.install SYSTEM "install.sgml">
|
||||
<!ENTITY sect.layout SYSTEM "layout.sgml">
|
||||
<!ENTITY sect.upgrade SYSTEM "upgrade.sgml">
|
||||
<!ENTITY sect.trouble SYSTEM "trouble.sgml">
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,930 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.27
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
install.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
This file has architecture-dependent installation instructions, culled
|
||||
from {alpha,i386}/INSTALL.TXT.
|
||||
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="install">
|
||||
<title>安装 &os;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这一章节记述了安装一个新的 &os; 发行版本的过程。
|
||||
这些说明重点强调了获取 &os; &release.current;
|
||||
发行版本并开始安装的过程。<ulink
|
||||
url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/zh_CN.GB2312/books/handbook/">FreeBSD
|
||||
使用手册</ulink>的<ulink
|
||||
url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/zh_CN.GB2312/books/handbook/install.html"><quote>安装
|
||||
FreeBSD</quote></ulink>一章提供了有关安装程序本身更深层次的信息,
|
||||
包括一个全程截图的指南。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果您正在从 &os; 的前一个发行版本升级,请查看
|
||||
<xref linkend="upgrading">的升级说明。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="getting-started">
|
||||
<title>开始</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>可能在安装前要做的最重要的步骤就是阅读 &os;
|
||||
提供的各种各样的安装文档。 与 &os; 这个发行版本相关的文档的 roadmap
|
||||
可以在 <filename>README.TXT</filename>
|
||||
中找到,这个文件通常放在和本文件相同的位置。
|
||||
大部分文档,比如发行注记和硬件兼容性列表也可以在安装程序的
|
||||
Documentation 菜单中查看。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>注意 &os; <ulink
|
||||
url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/">FAQ</ulink> 和<ulink
|
||||
url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/zh_CN.GB2312/books/handbook/">使用手册</ulink>
|
||||
的在线版本也可以在 <ulink url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/">FreeBSD
|
||||
项目 Web 站点</ulink>上找到,只要您拥有一条 Internet 连接。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这份文档集合可能看起来很吓人,但是阅读它们所花费的时间很可能会节省更多的时间。
|
||||
熟悉可用的资源也有助于处理安装过程中的问题。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>再好的计划有时也会出错, 所以如果您遇到麻烦请看一看
|
||||
<xref linkend="trouble">, 包含了很多有价值的出错处理的信息。
|
||||
在安装之前您也应该阅读升级过的
|
||||
<filename>ERRATA.TXT</filename> 拷贝,
|
||||
因为这会对您的特定发行版本的中间时期所报告的任何问题向您提出警告。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<important>
|
||||
<para>尽管 &os; 会尽可能地避免偶然的数据丢失,
|
||||
但是如果在安装过程中您做错了什么还是很可能会
|
||||
<emphasis>清空您的整个硬盘</emphasis>。
|
||||
请不要进入 &os; 最后的安装菜单,
|
||||
除非您事先已经对重要数据进行了充分的备份。</para>
|
||||
</important>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>硬件需求</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- i386/pc98 text starts here -->
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386,pc98">&arch.print; 体系的 &os; 需要 486 或者更高的处理器来安装运行
|
||||
(虽然 &os; 可以用定制的内核运行在 386 处理器上),
|
||||
至少 8 兆内存来安装、7 兆内存来运行。
|
||||
最小安装您需要有至少 150MB 的剩余磁盘空间。继续阅读查找压缩存在的
|
||||
DOS 分区用来安装 &os; 的方法。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- alpha text starts here -->
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="alpha">&arch.print; 体系的 &os; 支持的平台在
|
||||
<filename>HARDWARE.TXT</filename> 中描述。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="alpha">您需要一块专门的磁盘来安装
|
||||
&os;/alpha。和其他操作系统共享一块磁盘现在来说是不可行的。
|
||||
这块磁盘需要连接在 SRM 固件支持的 SCSI 控制器上,
|
||||
或者是一块 IDE 磁盘,如果您机器的 SRM 支持从 IDE 磁盘启动的话。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="alpha">您的根文件系统必须位于可启动磁盘的第一个分区
|
||||
(partition <literal>a</literal>)。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="alpha">您需要针对您的平台的 SRM 控制台固件。
|
||||
有时候,可以在 AlphaBIOS (或 ARC) 固件和 SRM 之间切换。
|
||||
否则的话就必须从销售商的 Web 站点下载最新的固件。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- sparc64 text starts here -->
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="sparc64">&arch.print; 体系的 &os; 支持的平台在
|
||||
<filename>HARDWARE.TXT</filename> 中描述。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="sparc64">您需要一块专门的磁盘来安装
|
||||
&os;/sparc64。和其他操作系统共享一块磁盘现在来说是不可行的。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- amd64 text starts here -->
|
||||
<para arch="amd64">&arch.print; 体系的 &os; 需要
|
||||
Athlon64、Athlon64-FX、Opteron 或者更好的处理器来运行。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="amd64">如果您有一台机器基于
|
||||
nVidia nForce3 Pro-150,您必须在 BIOS 设定中禁用
|
||||
IO APIC。如果没有一个选项来调整这个,您可能必须禁用
|
||||
ACPI。在 Pro-150 芯片组中有些 bug 我们还没有找到解决方案。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- generic text starts here -->
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果您对配置 &os; 的硬件不熟悉,您一定要阅读
|
||||
<filename>HARDWARE.TXT</filename> 文件,它包含了 &os;
|
||||
支持的硬件的重要信息。</para>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="floppies">
|
||||
<title>软盘映像说明</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386,alpha,pc98">取决于您选择如何来安装
|
||||
&os;,您可能需要创建几张软盘(通常是三张)来开启安装过程。
|
||||
这一章节简要描述了如何创建这些软盘来从 CDROM 或者从 Internet
|
||||
安装。注意一般情况下在一台支持自启动 CDROM 的机器上从 CDROM
|
||||
安装 &os; 的话,这一章节描述的步骤都是不需要的,可以跳过。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386,alpha">对于大多数 CDROM 或者网络安装来说,您需要从
|
||||
<filename>floppies/</filename> 目录拷贝到真实软盘的只有
|
||||
<filename>boot.flp</filename> 和 <filename>kernX.flp</filename>
|
||||
映像(用于 1.44MB 软盘)。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="pc98">对于通常的CDROM 或者网络安装来说,您需要从
|
||||
<filename>floppies/</filename> 目录拷贝到真实软盘的只有
|
||||
<filename>boot.flp</filename> 和 <filename>kernX.flp</filename>
|
||||
映像(用于 1.44MB 软盘) 或者 <filename>boot-small.flp</filename> 和
|
||||
<filename>kern-small.flp</filename> 映像(用于 1.2MB 软盘)。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386,alpha,pc98">通过网络获取这些映像很容易。只需要从 <ulink
|
||||
url="&release.url;"></ulink>
|
||||
或者列在使用手册的 <ulink
|
||||
url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/zh_CN.GB2312/books/handbook/mirrors-ftp.html">FTP
|
||||
站点</ulink>一节或
|
||||
<ulink url="http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/"></ulink> Web 页面中的众多镜像站点中下载
|
||||
<replaceable>release</replaceable><filename>/floppies/boot.flp</filename>
|
||||
和所有的
|
||||
<replaceable>release</replaceable><filename>/floppies/kernX.flp</filename>
|
||||
文件。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386,alpha">拿来三张空的、新格式化过的软盘,一张复制映像
|
||||
<filename>boot.flp</filename>,另两张复制 <filename>kernX.flp</filename> 文件。
|
||||
这些映像 <emphasis>不是</emphasis> DOS 文件。您不能把它们当作普通文件简单的复制到一张
|
||||
DOS 或者 UFS 软盘上,您需要在 DOS 下使用 <filename>fdimage.exe</filename>
|
||||
或者在 UNIX 下使用 &man.dd.1; 命令把它们<quote>image</quote>复制到软盘上(查看您的
|
||||
CDROM 或者 &os; FTP 镜像上的 <filename>tools</filename> 目录)。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="pc98">拿来三张空的、新格式化过的软盘,一张复制映像
|
||||
<filename>boot.flp</filename>,另两张复制 <filename>kernX.flp</filename> 文件。
|
||||
这些映像 <emphasis>不是</emphasis> DOS 文件。您不能把它们当作普通文件简单的复制到一张
|
||||
DOS 或者 UFS 软盘上,您需要在 DOS 下使用 <filename>rawrite.exe</filename>
|
||||
或者在 UNIX 下使用 &man.dd.1; 命令把它们<quote>image</quote>复制到软盘上(查看您的
|
||||
CDROM 或者 &os; FTP 镜像上的 <filename>tools</filename> 目录)。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386,alpha,pc98">例如,要从 DOS 下创建内核软盘映像,您应该这样做:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen arch="i386,alpha"><prompt>C></prompt> <userinput>fdimage boot.flp a:</userinput></screen>
|
||||
<screen arch="pc98"><prompt>A></prompt> <userinput>rawrite</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386,alpha">假定您已经把 <filename>fdimage.exe</filename> 和 <filename>boot.flp</filename>
|
||||
复制到了某个目录里。当然,您应该对 <filename>kernX.flp</filename> 文件也这么做。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="pc98">假定您已经把 <filename>rawrite.exe</filename> 和 <filename>boot.flp</filename>
|
||||
复制到了某个目录里。当然,您应该对 <filename>kernX.flp</filename> 文件也这么做。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386,alpha,pc98">如果您正在一台 UNIX 机器上创建启动软盘,您可能会发现:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen arch="i386,alpha">&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=floppies/boot.flp of=/dev/rfd0</userinput></screen>
|
||||
<screen arch="pc98">&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=floppies/boot.flp of=/dev/rfd0.1440</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386,alpha">或</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen arch="i386,alpha">&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=floppies/boot.flp of=/dev/fd0</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386,alpha,pc98">或</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen arch="i386,alpha">&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=floppies/boot.flp of=/dev/floppy</userinput></screen>
|
||||
<screen arch="pc98">&prompt.root; <userinput>dd if=floppies/boot-small.flp of=/dev/rfd0.1200</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386,alpha,pc98">工作正常,这取决于您的硬件和操作系统环境
|
||||
(不同版本的 UNIX 对软驱有不同的命名)。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="amd64">&os;/&arch; 不支持软盘安装。</para>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="start-installation">
|
||||
<title>从 CDROM 或者 Internet 安装 &os;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- i386/pc98 text starts here -->
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386,amd64">最容易的安装方法就是从 CDROM 安装。
|
||||
如果您有一个支持的 CDROM 驱动器和一张 &os;
|
||||
安装 CDROM,有两种方式来开始安装:
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>如果您的系统支持自启动 CDROM
|
||||
介质的<quote>CDBOOT</quote>标准并且已经激活了从 CD 启动,
|
||||
只要把 &os; 安装 CD 放进您的 CDROM 驱动器并启动系统开始安装。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>从每个 &os; 发行版的 <filename>floppies/</filename>
|
||||
目录创建一系列的 &os; 启动软盘。阅读
|
||||
<xref linkend="floppies"> 了解在不同的操作系统下创建启动软盘的更多信息。
|
||||
然后您只要从第一张软盘启动,很快就会进入 &os; 安装。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="pc98">最容易的安装方法就是从 CDROM 安装。
|
||||
如果您有一个支持的 CDROM 驱动器和一张 &os;
|
||||
安装 CDROM,有一种方式来开始安装:
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>从每个 &os; 发行版的 <filename>floppies/</filename>
|
||||
目录创建一系列的 &os; 启动软盘。阅读
|
||||
<xref linkend="floppies"> 了解在不同的操作系统下创建启动软盘的更多信息。
|
||||
然后您只要从第一张软盘启动,很快就会进入 &os; 安装。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386">如果您没有 CDROM (或者您的计算机不支持从
|
||||
CDROM 启动) 并且只是想要通过网络使用 PPP、SLIP 或者专用连接安装,
|
||||
您应该使用 <xref linkend="floppies"> 处的安装说明从文件
|
||||
<filename>floppies/boot.flp</filename> 和
|
||||
<filename>floppies/kernX.flp</filename> 创建一系列 &os; 启动软盘来开始安装。
|
||||
用 <filename>boot.flp</filename> 软盘重新启动您的计算机,
|
||||
出现提示符时插入需要的其他软盘。然后,请到
|
||||
<xref linkend="ftpnfs"> 寻找通过 FTP 或 NFS 安装的额外的提示。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="pc98">如果您没有 CDROM (或者您的计算机不支持从
|
||||
CDROM 启动) 并且只是想要通过网络使用 PPP、SLIP 或者专用连接安装,
|
||||
您应该使用 <xref linkend="floppies"> 处的安装说明从文件
|
||||
<filename>floppies/boot.flp</filename> 和
|
||||
<filename>floppies/kernX.flp</filename> 创建一系列 &os; 启动软盘来开始安装。
|
||||
用 <filename>boot.flp</filename> 软盘重新启动您的计算机,
|
||||
出现提示符时插入需要的其他软盘。然后,请到
|
||||
<xref linkend="ftpnfs"> 寻找通过 FTP 或 NFS 安装的额外的提示。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- alpha text starts here -->
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="alpha">最容易的安装方式就是从 CDROM 安装。
|
||||
如果您有一个支持的 CDROM 驱动器和一张 &os;
|
||||
安装 CDROM,您可以直接从 CDROM 启动 &os;。将 CDROM
|
||||
插入驱动器并输入下面的命令来开始安装(如果需要,用合适的
|
||||
CDROM 驱动器名称来取代):</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen arch="alpha">>>><userinput>boot dka0</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="alpha">您也可以从软盘启动安装。
|
||||
您应该使用 <xref linkend="floppies"> 处的安装说明从文件
|
||||
<filename>floppies/boot.flp</filename> 和
|
||||
<filename>floppies/kernX.flp</filename> 创建一系列 &os; 启动软盘来开始安装。
|
||||
从 SRM 控制台提示符处(<literal>>>></literal>),插入
|
||||
<filename>boot.flp</filename> 软盘并键入下面的命令来开始安装:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen arch="alpha">>>><userinput>boot dva0</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="alpha">当提示时插入其他软盘,
|
||||
您会停在安装程序的第一个屏幕。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- sparc64 text starts here -->
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="sparc64">大多数 &arch; 系统被设置成自动从硬盘启动。
|
||||
要安装 &os;,您需要通过网络或者 CDROM 启动,这需要您改动 PROM
|
||||
(OpenFirmware)。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="sparc64">要做这个,重新启动系统,等到启动信息出现。
|
||||
取决于机器型号,但是应该看起来像这样:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen arch="sparc64">Sun Blade 100 (UltraSPARC-IIe), Keyboard Present
|
||||
Copyright 1998-2001 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
|
||||
OpenBoot 4.2, 128 MB memory installed, Serial #51090132.
|
||||
Ethernet address 0:3:ba:b:92:d4, Host ID: 830b92d4.</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="sparc64">这时候如果您的系统继续从硬盘启动,
|
||||
您需要按键盘上的 <keycombo
|
||||
action="simul"><keycap>L1</keycap><keycap>A</keycap></keycombo>
|
||||
或者 <keycombo
|
||||
action="simul"><keycap>Stop</keycap><keycap>A</keycap></keycombo>
|
||||
或者通过串口控制台发送一个 <command>BREAK</command> 信号
|
||||
(例子中 &man.tip.1; 或者 &man.cu.1; 使用 <command>~#</command>)
|
||||
来进入 PROM 提示符。看上去像这样:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screenco arch="sparc64">
|
||||
<areaspec>
|
||||
<area id="prompt-single" coords="1 5">
|
||||
<area id="prompt-smp" coords="2 5">
|
||||
</areaspec>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><prompt>ok </prompt>
|
||||
<prompt>ok {0} </prompt></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<calloutlist>
|
||||
<callout arearefs="prompt-single">
|
||||
<para>这是系统中只有一个 CPU 使用的提示符。</para>
|
||||
</callout>
|
||||
|
||||
<callout arearefs="prompt-smp">
|
||||
<para>这是在 SMP 系统中使用的提示符,数字显示活动的 CPU 数目。</para>
|
||||
</callout>
|
||||
</calloutlist>
|
||||
</screenco>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="sparc64">这时候,将 CDROM 放进驱动器,并在
|
||||
PROM 提示符处键入 <command>boot
|
||||
cdrom</command>。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>详述各种安装类型</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>一旦您看到了初始的安装屏幕,不管用哪种方式,
|
||||
您就可以跟随各种各样的菜单提示到处浏览了。如果您以前从未使用过 &os;
|
||||
安装程序,建议您阅读 Documentation 子菜单还有第一个菜单概括的
|
||||
<quote>Usage</quote> 说明中的文档。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>如果您感到迷惑,按 <keycap>F1</keycap>
|
||||
键查看与指定部分相关的在线文档。</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果您以前从未安装过 &os;,或者即使您安装过,
|
||||
仍然强烈推荐使用<quote>Standard</quote>安装模式,
|
||||
因为它确保您一路安装下来访问到了所有重要的要检查的条目。
|
||||
如果您非常熟悉 &os; 安装过程并 <emphasis>精确的</emphasis>
|
||||
知道您想做什么,可以使用<quote>Express</quote>或者<quote>Custom</quote>安装选项。
|
||||
如果您在升级一个现存的系统,使用<quote>Upgrade</quote>选项。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; 安装程序支持直接使用软盘、DOS、磁带、CDROM、FTP、NFS
|
||||
和 UFS 分区来作为安装介质。下面是从每种类型的介质安装的更深入的提示。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="alpha">一旦安装过程结束,您将可以在 SRM
|
||||
提示符处键入类似这样的命令来启动 &os;/&arch;:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen arch="alpha">>>><userinput>boot dkc0</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="alpha">这告知固件从指定的硬盘启动。To
|
||||
查找您机器上硬盘的 SRM 名称,使用 <literal>show
|
||||
device</literal> 命令:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen arch="alpha">>>><userinput>show device</userinput>
|
||||
dka0.0.0.4.0 DKA0 TOSHIBA CD-ROM XM-57 3476
|
||||
dkc0.0.0.1009.0 DKC0 RZ1BB-BS 0658
|
||||
dkc100.1.0.1009.0 DKC100 SEAGATE ST34501W 0015
|
||||
dva0.0.0.0.1 DVA0
|
||||
ewa0.0.0.3.0 EWA0 00-00-F8-75-6D-01
|
||||
pkc0.7.0.1009.0 PKC0 SCSI Bus ID 7 5.27
|
||||
pqa0.0.0.4.0 PQA0 PCI EIDE
|
||||
pqb0.0.1.4.0 PQB0 PCI EIDE</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="alpha">这个例子来自于一台 Digital Personal Workstation 433au,
|
||||
显示表明有三个磁盘设备连接在机器上。第一个是叫做
|
||||
<devicename>dka0</devicename> 的 CDROM,另外两个是分别叫做
|
||||
<devicename>dkc0</devicename> 和
|
||||
<devicename>dkc100</devicename> 的硬盘。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="alpha">您可以用 <option>-file</option> 和 <option>-flags</option>
|
||||
选项指定加载哪个内核文件以及使用什么样的启动参数,例如:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen arch="alpha"><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>boot -file kernel.old -flags s</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="alpha">要让 &os;/&arch; 自动启动,使用这些命令:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen arch="alpha"><prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>set boot_osflags a</userinput>
|
||||
<prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>set bootdef_dev dkc0</userinput>
|
||||
<prompt>>>></prompt> <userinput>set auto_action BOOT</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>从网络 CDROM 安装</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果您只希望从本地 CDROM 驱动器安装,可以查看
|
||||
<xref linkend="start-installation">。如果您的系统上没有 CDROM
|
||||
驱动器,又希望使用有网络连接的另一个系统上的 CDROM 驱动器中的
|
||||
&os; 发行 CD,也有几种方式可以实现:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>如果您能够直接通过 &os; 机器上的 CDROM 驱动器 FTP
|
||||
安装,这很容易:保证有一台 FTP
|
||||
服务器正在运行,然后只要把下面的几行添加到密码文件中
|
||||
(使用 &man.vipw.8; 命令):</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>ftp:*:99:99::0:0:FTP:/cdrom:/sbin/nologin</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>在您要运行安装的机器上,到 Options
|
||||
菜单并设定 Release Name 为
|
||||
<literal>any</literal>。然后您可以选择一种
|
||||
<literal>FTP</literal> 媒介类型并在 ftp
|
||||
站点目录中选定<quote>URL</quote>后键入
|
||||
<filename>ftp://<replaceable>machine</replaceable></filename>。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<warning>
|
||||
<para>这会允许本地网络(或 Internet) 上的任何人和这台机器建立
|
||||
<quote>匿名 FTP</quote> 连接,这可能不是所希望看到的。</para>
|
||||
</warning>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>如果希望通过 NFS 将 CDROM 直接导出给其他机器来进行安装,
|
||||
您需要首先在 <filename>/etc/exports</filename>
|
||||
文件中添加对应的项目 (在有 CDROM 驱动器的那台机器上)。
|
||||
下面的例子将允许
|
||||
<hostid role="hostname">ziggy.foo.com</hostid> 在安装过程中直接通过
|
||||
NFS 挂接 CDROM:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>/cdrom -ro ziggy.foo.com</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>当然, 带 CDROM 的那台机器必须配置为 NFS 服务器,
|
||||
如果您不知道如何完成其配置, 则 NFS 对您来说可能并不是最佳的选择,
|
||||
除非您打算仔细阅读 &man.rc.conf.5; 并配置它。 如果顺利的话,
|
||||
将可以通过输入: <filename><replaceable>cdrom-host</replaceable>:/cdrom</filename>
|
||||
作为在目标机器 NFS 安装过程的参数,
|
||||
例如 <filename>wiggy:/cdrom</filename>。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>从软盘安装</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果由于硬件不支持,
|
||||
或者您喜欢把简单的问题复杂化而不得不从软盘安装,
|
||||
您需要首先准备一些空白的软盘。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>首先, 按照 <xref linkend="floppies"> 所介绍的过程来制作启动盘。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>然后, 仔细阅读 <xref linkend="layout"> 并要特别注意
|
||||
<quote>发行版本所采用的格式</quote> 一节,
|
||||
因为它介绍了您需要复制到软盘上的文件, 以及可以放心地跳过的文件。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>接下来您需要至少准备足够多的能放下 <filename>bin</filename>
|
||||
目录里文件的 1.44MB 软盘。 如果您需要在 DOS 下准备这些软盘,
|
||||
则 <emphasis>必须</emphasis> 使用 MS-DOS 的
|
||||
<filename>FORMAT</filename> 命令来格式化它们。 如果您使用 Windows,
|
||||
则可以使用 Windows 文件管理器 的格式化命令。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<important>
|
||||
<para>通常, 软盘是 <quote>在出厂前格式化过的</quote>。
|
||||
虽然这很方便, 但过去许多用户的问题报告都与没有格式化磁盘有关。
|
||||
建议您自行格式化一下, 以确认没有问题。</para>
|
||||
</important>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果您正在从另一个 &os; 机器上制作需要的软盘,
|
||||
格式化仍然是一个好习惯, 只是您并不需要在每张软盘上都放一个
|
||||
DOS 文件系统。 您可以使用 &man.disklabel.8; 和 &man.newfs.8;
|
||||
这两个命令来在软盘上制作 UFS 文件系统, 使用下面介绍的命令:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>fdformat -f 1440 fd0</userinput>
|
||||
&prompt.root; <userinput>disklabel -w fd0 floppy3</userinput>
|
||||
&prompt.root; <userinput>newfs -i 65536 /dev/fd0</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>在以 DOS 或 UFS 格式化过软盘之后, 还需要将文件复制到上面。
|
||||
发布文件的大小是经过精心准备的, 因此每张软盘都能够放下一个发布文件。
|
||||
每一个发布包的文件应该放到它自己的子目录中,
|
||||
例如: <filename>a:\bin\bin.inf</filename>, <filename>a:\bin\bin.aa</filename>, <filename>a:\bin\bin.ab</filename>, ...</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<important>
|
||||
<para><filename>bin.inf</filename> 文件需要放到
|
||||
<filename>bin</filename> 发布集的第一张软盘上,
|
||||
因为安装文件需要读取它以了解在将发布包重组时还需要获取多少个文件块。
|
||||
当把发布放到软盘上时,
|
||||
<filename>distname.inf</filename> 文件 <emphasis>必须</emphasis>
|
||||
和发布集的第一块放在一起。</para>
|
||||
</important>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>一旦您进入了安装程序的 Media 提示, 选择
|
||||
<quote>Floppy</quote> 之后您将得到相应的提示。</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3 arch="i386,pc98,amd64">
|
||||
<title>从 DOS 分区安装</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386,amd64">要从 MS-DOS 分区安装您只需简单地把发布包文件复制到主
|
||||
DOS 分区 (<devicename>C:</devicename>) 上的一个名字为
|
||||
<filename>FREEBSD</filename> 的目录即可。 例如, 要从 DOS 中使用来自
|
||||
CDROM 的文件完成 &os; 的最小安装, 您需要照下面的提示做:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="pc98">要从 MS-DOS 分区安装您只需简单地把发布包文件复制到主
|
||||
DOS 分区 (<devicename>A:</devicename>) 上的一个名字为
|
||||
<filename>FREEBSD</filename> 的目录即可。 例如, 要从 DOS 中使用来自
|
||||
CDROM 的文件完成 &os; 的最小安装, 您需要照下面的提示做:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen arch="i386,amd64"><prompt>C:\></prompt> <userinput>MD C:\FREEBSD</userinput>
|
||||
<prompt>C:\></prompt> <userinput>XCOPY /S E:\BASE C:\FREEBSD\BASE</userinput></screen>
|
||||
<screen arch="pc98"><prompt>A:\></prompt> <userinput>MD A:\FREEBSD</userinput>
|
||||
<prompt>A:\></prompt> <userinput>XCOPY /S E:\BASE A:\FREEBSD\BASE</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这里假设 <devicename>E:</devicename> 是您的 CD 所挂接的驱动器符。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="i386,amd64">如果需要从 DOS 安装更多的发行包 (当然您需要足够的磁盘空间)
|
||||
需要将它们都复制到
|
||||
<filename>C:\FREEBSD</filename> - 而 <filename>BIN</filename> 则是必需的。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para arch="pc98">如果需要从 DOS 安装更多的发行包 (当然您需要足够的磁盘空间)
|
||||
需要将它们都复制到
|
||||
<filename>A:\FREEBSD</filename> - 而 <filename>BIN</filename> 则是必需的。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>一旦您复制了这些目录, 就可以简单地从软盘开始安装,
|
||||
并在指定介质类型时选择 <quote>DOS</quote>。</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>从 QIC/SCSI 磁带安装</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>当从磁带安装时, 安装程序预期安装文件是 tar 到上面的,
|
||||
因此把您感兴趣的安装包复制出来之后, 简单地使用 &man.tar.1;
|
||||
把它们放到磁带上就可以了:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd <replaceable>/where/you/have/your/dists</replaceable></userinput>
|
||||
&prompt.root; <userinput>tar cvf /dev/sa0 <replaceable>dist1</replaceable> .. <replaceable>dist2</replaceable></userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>当您进行安装时, 您应该确认临时目录
|
||||
(将提示您选择它) 中有足够放下 <emphasis>完整的</emphasis>
|
||||
磁带内容的空间。 由于磁带不支持随机访问, 这种方式需要很多临时存储。
|
||||
您需要准备写到磁带上那样多的临时存储空间。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>当开始安装时, 磁带应该在从软盘启动
|
||||
<emphasis>之前</emphasis> 放进磁带机。 如果不这样做,
|
||||
安装程序的 <quote>探测</quote> 操作可能会找不到它。</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>现在按照 <xref linkend="floppies">
|
||||
的描述制作安装软盘并继续安装就可以了。</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3 id="ftpnfs">
|
||||
<title>通过网络使用 FTP 或 NFS 安装</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>按照第一节的说明制作引导盘之后,
|
||||
您可以使用三种不同的连接方式来继续安装过程: 串口连接、
|
||||
并口连接, 或以太网。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect4>
|
||||
<title>串口</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>SLIP 支持非常原始, 而且基本上限于硬连线的连接,
|
||||
例如在两台计算机之间的串口电缆。 这类连接必须是直接连好的,
|
||||
因为 SLIP 安装目前并不提供拨号能力。
|
||||
如果您需要使用调制解调器来拨号或需要在连接之前进行其它交互,
|
||||
则应使用 PPP 来代替它。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果您使用 PPP, 一定要确认您手头有
|
||||
Internet 服务提供商的 IP 地址和 DNS 信息,
|
||||
因为您在安装的开始阶段需要它们。 您还需要知道自己的 IP
|
||||
地址, 尽管 PPP 支持动态地址协商,
|
||||
并能够直接从您的 ISP 获取这些信息, 如果他们支持这样做的话。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>最后您还需要了解在您的 PPP 拨号服务上如何使用一些 <quote>AT
|
||||
命令</quote> 来进行拨号, 因为 PPP 拨号程序只提供了非常简单的终端仿真程序。</para>
|
||||
</sect4>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect4>
|
||||
<title>并口</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果有可用的到另一台 &os; 或 Linux
|
||||
机器的连接, 您也可以考虑通过
|
||||
<quote>laplink</quote> 风格的并口电缆来安装。
|
||||
通过并口连接的速度通常要比串口电缆
|
||||
(通常最多 50k/秒) 要快的多, 因此能够让您更快地完成安装。
|
||||
当使用点对点的并口电缆连接时通常并不需要
|
||||
<quote>真实的</quote> IP 地址, 一般来说您可以在连接的两端使用
|
||||
RFC 1918 风格的地址 (例如 <hostid
|
||||
role="ipaddr">10.0.0.1</hostid>, <hostid role="ipaddr">10.0.0.2</hostid>,
|
||||
等等)。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<important>
|
||||
<para>如果您的 PLIP 另一端使用的是 Linux,
|
||||
则还需要在 TCP/IP 设置界面的<quote>extra options for
|
||||
ifconfig</quote> 中指定
|
||||
<option>link0</option>, 以便兼容 Linux
|
||||
中略有不同的 PLIP 协议。</para>
|
||||
</important>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect4>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect4>
|
||||
<title>以太网</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; 支持绝大多数常见的以太网卡,
|
||||
它支持的网卡列表作为 &os; 硬件说明 (参见 Documentation
|
||||
菜单中的 <filename>HARDWARE.TXT</filename> 或启动盘和
|
||||
CDROM 的顶级目录)。 如果您使用的是某种被支持的
|
||||
PCMCIA 网卡, 则还应确认它在笔记本启动
|
||||
<emphasis>之前</emphasis> 就已经插好了。
|
||||
不幸的是, &os; 目前还不支持在安装过程中
|
||||
<quote>热插</quote> PCMCIA 卡。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>同时还需要知道您在局域网上的 IP 地址,
|
||||
子网的 <option>netmask</option> 值和机器名。
|
||||
您的系统管理员会告诉您在您的网络上所需要的值。
|
||||
如果您想通过名字而不是 IP 地址来访问其它机器,
|
||||
则还需要一个域名服务器, 而且可能还需要网关的地址
|
||||
(如果使用 PPP, 则是您提供商的 IP 地址)
|
||||
才能够访问它。 如果您打算通过 HTTP 代理来完成
|
||||
FTP 安装, 您还需要代理服务器的地址。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果您不知道这些问题的答案, 您可能需要
|
||||
<emphasis>首先</emphasis> 联系系统管理员, 然后才能开始安装。
|
||||
在已有网络上使用随便选择的 IP 地址和子网掩码几乎肯定无法正常工作,
|
||||
而且您的管理员可能会给您上人生一课。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>一旦您的网络连接能够使用, 就可以继续通过
|
||||
NFS 或 FTP 来完成安装了。</para>
|
||||
</sect4>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect4>
|
||||
<title>NFS 安装提示</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>NFS 安装相当的简单: 您只需将
|
||||
&os; 的安装文件复制到服务器上的某个目录,
|
||||
并在选择 NFS 介质时给出这个目录即可。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果服务器只支持来自 <quote>特权端口</quote> 的访问
|
||||
(这是 Sun 和 Linux 工作站上通常的默认情形),
|
||||
您可能需要在安装之前在 Options 菜单中设置这个选项。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果您的网卡质量很差并造成数据传输迟缓,
|
||||
您可能还需要调整一些 Options 选项。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>为了让 NFS 安装能够正常进行, 服务器还必须支持
|
||||
<quote>子目录挂接 (subdir mounts)</quote>, 例如如果您的 &os;
|
||||
安装包目录在
|
||||
<filename>wiggy:/usr/archive/stuff/FreeBSD</filename> 中, 则
|
||||
<hostid role="hostname">wiggy</hostid> 必须允许直接挂接
|
||||
<filename>/usr/archive/stuff/FreeBSD</filename>, 而不仅仅是
|
||||
<filename>/usr</filename> 或 <filename>/usr/archive/stuff</filename>。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>在 &os; 的 <filename>/etc/exports</filename> 文件中可以通过
|
||||
<option>-alldirs</option> 选项来控制它。 在其它 NFS 服务器上可能有不同的写法。
|
||||
如果您收到了来自服务器的 <literal>Permission Denied</literal> 消息,
|
||||
通常是因为您没有启用这一特性导致的。</para>
|
||||
</sect4>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect4>
|
||||
<title>FTP 安装提示</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>FTP 安装可以通过从任何包含足够新版的
|
||||
&os; 的镜像站点来完成。 安装过程中您可以从 FTP
|
||||
站点菜单中选择遍布全球的几乎每一个官方的镜像站点来完成安装。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果您正从某个没有在这里列出的 FTP 站点安装,
|
||||
或您无法正确地配置域名解析服务器, 您也可以通过在菜单中选择
|
||||
<quote>URL</quote> 来指定自己的 URL。 URL 可以包括一个域名或
|
||||
IP 地址, 因此当没有域名解析服务器时, 您可以用类似下面的 URL
|
||||
来完成安装:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>ftp://216.66.64.162/pub/FreeBSD/releases/&arch;/4.2-RELEASE</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>您可以从三种 FTP 安装方式中选择合适的:
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>FTP: 这种方式使用标准的
|
||||
<quote>主动 (Active)</quote> 传输方式,
|
||||
此时服务器将主动发起到客户机的数据连接。
|
||||
在存在防火墙的环境中通常这会无法正常工作,
|
||||
但与不支持被动模式的较老的 FTP 服务器配合时它是最佳选择。
|
||||
如果您使用被动模式时连接挂起, 请尝试这个选项。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>FTP Passive: 这将设置 FTP <quote>被动 (Passive)</quote>
|
||||
模式, 它将阻止服务器打开到客户机的连接。
|
||||
这个选项对于通过不允许连入到随机端口的防火墙接入的用户来说,
|
||||
是最佳的选择。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>FTP via an HTTP proxy: 这个选项指示 &os;
|
||||
使用 HTTP 连到一个代理商完成所有的 FTP 操作。
|
||||
代理服务器将翻译所有的请求, 并把它们发给 FTP 服务器。
|
||||
这允许用户通过完全不允许 FTP, 但提供了 HTTP 代理的防火墙连接。
|
||||
除了 FTP 服务器之外, 您还必须指定代理服务器的主机名。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>极端情况下您可能有不通过 HTTP 的 FTP 代理服务器,
|
||||
您可以把 URL 指定为下面的样子:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>ftp://foo.bar.com:<replaceable>端口</replaceable>/pub/FreeBSD</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>上面的 URL 中, <replaceable>端口</replaceable>
|
||||
是 FTP 代理服务器的端口号。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect4>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
<sect3 arch="i386,alpha,amd64">
|
||||
<title>串口控制台用户提示</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果您想在只有串口的机器上安装 &os;
|
||||
(例如, 在没有或不想购买 VGA 卡时),
|
||||
请按照下面的步骤完成安装:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<procedure>
|
||||
<step>
|
||||
<para>连接某种 ANSI (vt100) 兼容的终端或终端仿真程序到您打算安装 &os;
|
||||
的计算机的 <devicename>COM1</devicename> 口。</para>
|
||||
</step>
|
||||
<step>
|
||||
<para>拔掉键盘 (是的, 这是正确的!) 然后尝试从软盘或安装
|
||||
CDROM 启动。 启动时不要插键盘。</para>
|
||||
</step>
|
||||
<step>
|
||||
<para>如果您在串口控制台上没有得到任何输出,
|
||||
请重新插上键盘。 如果您正从
|
||||
CDROM 启动, 在听到嘟嘟声时立即 <xref linkend="hitspace">。</para>
|
||||
</step>
|
||||
<step>
|
||||
<para>如果从软盘引导, 当软驱不再动作时, 插入第一张
|
||||
<filename>kernX.flp</filename> 盘并按
|
||||
<keycap>Enter</keycap>。 当软驱不再动作时, 插入下一张
|
||||
<filename>kernX.flp</filename> 盘并按 <keycap>Enter</keycap>,
|
||||
重复直到您已经插入了所有的 <filename>kernX.flp</filename> 盘。
|
||||
当磁盘动作结束时, 再次插入 <filename>boot.flp</filename>
|
||||
软盘并按 <keycap>Enter</keycap>。</para>
|
||||
</step>
|
||||
<step id="hitspace">
|
||||
<para>一旦听到嘟嘟声, 按数字 <keycap>6</keycap>, 并输入</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>boot -h</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>您现在一定可以从串口看到一切。 如果这样还无法正常工作,
|
||||
请检查您的串口电缆, 以及终端仿真程序或实际的终端设备的设置。
|
||||
应该设置为 9600 波特, 8 数据位, 无奇偶校验位。</para>
|
||||
</step>
|
||||
</procedure>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>&arch.print; 体系结构用户的疑问与解答</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<qandaset arch="i386,amd64">
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>救命! 我的空间不足! 我是否需要首先删除所有的东西?</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>如果您的计算机已经在运行 DOS 而只有很少或没有可以用于安装
|
||||
&os; 的磁盘空间, 还有机会! 您可以从 &os; CDROM 的
|
||||
<filename>tools/</filename> 目录, 或众多 &os;
|
||||
ftp 站点上找到 <application>FIPS</application>
|
||||
工具来解决这个问题。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><application>FIPS</application> 允许您将已经存在的
|
||||
DOS 分区分割为两部分, 保持原有分区中的内容,
|
||||
从而在剩余空间上安装。 在运行 FIPS 之前首先应该使用 DOS 6.xx 的
|
||||
<filename>DEFRAG</filename> 工具或
|
||||
<application>Norton Disk Tools</application>
|
||||
对您的 DOS 分区执行 <quote>碎片整理</quote>。
|
||||
它将提示您输入所需的其它信息。 此后,
|
||||
您可以重新启动并在新的分区上安装 &os;。
|
||||
还应注意 FIPS 将把第二个分区作为第一个的分区的
|
||||
<quote>克隆</quote>, 因此实际上您将在原有的一个 DOS
|
||||
主分区之外看到一个新的主分区。 不必理会警告!
|
||||
您可以简单地删除那个多余的 DOS 主分区
|
||||
(可以通过分区大小来看出是否是应该删除的那个)。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><application>FIPS</application> 目前并不支持
|
||||
NTFS 格式的分区。 要分割这样的分区, 您需要类似
|
||||
<application>Partition Magic</application>
|
||||
这样的商业产品。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><application>FIPS</application> 无法处理扩展
|
||||
DOS 分区。 但它支持 Windows 95/98/ME 的 FAT32 格式主分区。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>我能在 &os; 中使用压缩的 DOS 文件系统吗?</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>不能。 如果您使用类似
|
||||
<application>Stacker</application>(tm) 或
|
||||
<application>DoubleSpace</application>(tm) 这样的工具,
|
||||
&os; 只能使用文件系统中尚未压缩的部分。
|
||||
余下的部分将展示为一个大文件。
|
||||
<emphasis>不要删除那个文件</emphasis> 否则您可能会后悔莫及的!</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果需要在 DOS 和 &os; 之间通讯, 最好建立一个未压缩的 DOS
|
||||
扩展分区。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>是否能挂接我的 DOS 扩展分区?</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>可以。 DOS 扩展分区会被映射到 &os; 的其它
|
||||
<quote>slices</quote> 之后。 例如, 您的 <devicename>D:</devicename> 驱可能会是
|
||||
<filename>/dev/da0s5</filename>, 而 <devicename>E:</devicename> 驱则是
|
||||
<filename>/dev/da0s6</filename>, 等等。 当然, 这个例子假定您的扩展分区是在
|
||||
SCSI 驱动器 0 上。 对于 IDE 驱动器, 相应地用 <literal>ad</literal> 换掉
|
||||
<literal>da</literal>。 您可以按下面的方法来挂接其它 DOS 驱动器:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>mount -t msdos /dev/da0s5 /dos_d</userinput></screen>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>可以在 &os; 中执行 DOS 可执行文件吗?</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>正在开发中的 BSDI 的 &man.doscmd.1; 工具能够适应多数情况,
|
||||
尽管还有一些较为粗糙的地方。
|
||||
<filename role="package">emulators/doscmd</filename> port/package
|
||||
可以在 &os; Ports Collection 中找到。
|
||||
如果您对这样的工作感兴趣, 请发邮件到 &a.emulation;
|
||||
并说明您对这项工作感兴趣!</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; Ports Collection 中的 <filename role="package">emulators/pcemu</filename>
|
||||
port/package 能够模拟 8088 和足够多的 BIOS 服务来支持
|
||||
DOS 文本模式的应用程序。 运行它需要
|
||||
X Window System (XFree86)。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>可以在 &os; 中运行 µsoft.windows; 应用吗?</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>在 &os; Ports Collection 中有很多能够运行众多
|
||||
&windows; 应用程序的 ports/packages。
|
||||
<filename role="package">emulators/wine</filename> 的
|
||||
port/package 提供了在 &os; 之上的一个兼容层, 使得很多
|
||||
&windows; 应用程序得以在 X Windows (XFree86) 中执行。
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>是否能够在 &os; 中运行其他操作系统?</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>再次强调, &os; 的 Ports Collection 中有很多能够模拟
|
||||
"虚拟机" 并使得其他操作系统能够在 &os; 之上执行的 ports/packages。
|
||||
<filename role="package">emulators/bochs</filename> 中的 port/package
|
||||
允许 µsoft.windows;、 Linux 甚至另一份 &os; 在
|
||||
&os; 桌面的一个窗口中执行。
|
||||
<filename role="package">emulators/vmware2</filename> 和
|
||||
<filename role="package">emulators/vmware3</filename> ports/packages
|
||||
提供了商业的 VMware 虚拟机软件, 并能够在 &os; 上执行。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
</qandaset>
|
||||
|
||||
<qandaset arch="alpha">
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>我能从 ARC 或 Alpha BIOS 控制台启动吗?</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>不能。 同 Compaq Tru64 和 VMS 类似, &os; 只能从
|
||||
SRM 控制台启动。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>救命啊! 我没有足够的磁盘空间了! 我需要把所有的数据都删掉吗?</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>很不幸, 是的。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>我能挂接 Compaq Tru64 或 VMS 扩展分区吗?</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>不, 目前还不能。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>是否可以直接执行 Compaq Tru64 (OSF/1) 的可执行文件?</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>&os; 能够通过 <filename role="package">emulators/osf1_base</filename>
|
||||
port/package 很好地运行 Tru64 应用程序。
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>那么是否可以执行 Linux 可执行文件呢?</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>&os; 可以运行 AlphaLinux 可执行文件, 但需要配合
|
||||
<filename role="package">emulators/linux_base</filename>
|
||||
port/package。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>那么 NT Alpha 的可执行文件呢?</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>&os; 无法直接执行 NT 应用程序, 尽管它能够挂接 NT 分区。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
</qandaset>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.8
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
This section contains the contents of the old LAYOUT.TXT file.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
<sect1 id="layout">
|
||||
<title>发行版本所采用的格式</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>典型的 &os; 发布目录的样子和下面列出的类似
|
||||
(具体细节可能随版本、 硬件架构和其他因素而有微小变化):</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>ERRATA.HTM README.TXT compat1x dict kernel
|
||||
ERRATA.TXT RELNOTES.HTM compat20 doc manpages
|
||||
HARDWARE.HTM RELNOTES.TXT compat21 docbook.css packages
|
||||
HARDWARE.TXT base compat22 filename.txt ports
|
||||
INSTALL.HTM boot compat3x floppies proflibs
|
||||
INSTALL.TXT catpages compat4x games src
|
||||
README.HTM cdrom.inf crypto info tools</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果想从 CDROM、 FTP 或 NFS 从发布目录中安装,
|
||||
只需从软盘镜像目录制作 1.44MB 引导盘 (参见
|
||||
<xref linkend="floppies"> 以了解如何完成它),
|
||||
从制作的引导盘启动, 并按照屏幕的指示去做就可以了。
|
||||
安装过程中所需要的数据会根据您的选择自动获取。
|
||||
如果您之前从没安装过 &os;, 则建议您完整地阅读这份文档
|
||||
(安装指引)。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果您在尝试进行某种其他类型的安装,
|
||||
或对于发布目录是如何组织的感到好奇, 请参考下面的说明以了解进一步的内容:
|
||||
<orderedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><filename>*.TXT</filename> 和
|
||||
<filename>*.HTM</filename> 文件包含了文档
|
||||
(举例来说, 这份文档可以在
|
||||
<filename>INSTALL.TXT</filename> 和
|
||||
<filename>INSTALL.HTM</filename> 中找到),
|
||||
您应该在开始安装之前阅读它们。
|
||||
<filename>*.TXT</filename> 文件是普通的文本文件, 而
|
||||
<filename>*.HTM</filename> 文件则是 HTML 文件,
|
||||
可以使用几乎任何一种 Web 浏览器来阅读。
|
||||
某些发布可能还包其他格式的文档, 例如 PDF 或 PostScript。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><filename>docbook.css</filename> 是层次样式表
|
||||
(CSS) 文件, 它会被 Web 浏览器用以完成
|
||||
HTML 文档的排版。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><filename>base</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>catpages</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>crypto</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>dict</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>doc</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>games</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>info</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>manpages</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>proflibs</filename>, 以及
|
||||
<filename>src</filename> 这些目录中包含了 &os; 本身的发布版本组件,
|
||||
它们被分割为更小的文件, 以便放进软盘中 (如果需要的话)。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><filename>compat1x</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>compat20</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>compat21</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>compat22</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>compat3x</filename>, 以及
|
||||
<filename>compat4x</filename>
|
||||
目录包含了用于与先前版本兼容的文件, 它们以单个的 gzip 压缩的
|
||||
tar 文件的形式发布 - 在安装过程中或之后可以通过
|
||||
<filename>install.sh</filename> 脚本来安装它们。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><filename>floppies/</filename> 子目录中包含了安装用的软盘镜像;
|
||||
关于它们的更多信息可以在 <xref linkend="floppies"> 找到。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><filename>packages</filename> 和 <filename>ports</filename> 目录提供了 &os;
|
||||
的 Packages 和 Ports Collections。 Packages 可以从其目录中通过下面的命令安装:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root;<userinput>/stand/sysinstall configPackages</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Packages 也可以通过将
|
||||
<filename>packages</filename>/ 下的文件名交给 &man.pkg.add.1;
|
||||
命令来完成。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Ports Collection 可以通过与其他组件相同的方法来安装,
|
||||
解压缩后它需要大约 190MB 的磁盘空间。 关于
|
||||
ports collection 的更多资料可以在
|
||||
<ulink url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/ports/">http://www.FreeBSD.org/ports/</ulink>
|
||||
或本地的
|
||||
<filename>/usr/share/doc/handbook</filename> 找到,
|
||||
当然, 后者的前提是您安装了 <filename>doc</filename>
|
||||
发布。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para>最后, <filename>tools</filename> 目录中提供了各种用以测试磁盘尺寸、
|
||||
安装引导管理器等的 DOS 工具。 这些工具纯粹是可选的,
|
||||
提供它们是为了方便用户。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</orderedlist>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>典型的发布目录 (举例来说, <filename>info</filename> 发布) 在内部应该是这样:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>CHECKSUM.MD5 info.ab info.ad info.inf install.sh
|
||||
info.aa info.ac info.ae info.mtree</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><filename>CHECKSUM.MD5</filename> 文件包含了每个文件的 MD5 签名。
|
||||
这主要是为了手工检测数据是否有损坏用的, 实际的安装过程并不会用到它。
|
||||
<filename>info.a*</filename> 文件是分割过的经过 gzip 压缩的 tar
|
||||
文件, 其内容可以通过下面的命令来显示:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cat info.a* | tar tvzf -</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>在安装过程中, 这些文件会被自动地重组并根据需要展开。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><filename>info.inf</filename> 文件也是必要的,
|
||||
因为它会被安装程序读取以了解需要为安装包复制多少片。 当把安装包放到软盘上时,
|
||||
<filename>.inf</filename> 文件 <emphasis>必须</emphasis>
|
||||
放在每一个安装包的第一张软盘上!</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><filename>info.mtree</filename> 文件是另一个供用户参考而非必需的文件。
|
||||
它包括了 <emphasis>未压缩的</emphasis> 安装包中的每个文件的 MD5 签名,
|
||||
并可在其后通过使用 &man.mtree.8;
|
||||
程序来验证安装权限和校验和以了解这些文件是否有过改动。
|
||||
当和 <filename>base</filename> 安装包联用时,
|
||||
这是一种检测木马攻击的很好的手段。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>最后, <filename>install.sh</filename>
|
||||
文件是用来方便用户在安装之后安装某个安装包的。 要在装完系统之后从 CDROM
|
||||
安装某个安装包, 您可以按照下面的例子来完成:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>&prompt.root; <userinput>cd /cdrom/info</userinput>
|
||||
&prompt.root; <userinput>sh install.sh</userinput></screen>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.14
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
This file contains the comments of the old TROUBLE.TXT file.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
<sect1 id="trouble">
|
||||
<title>故障排除</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="repairing">
|
||||
<title>修复现有的 &os; 安装</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>在安装软盘中的顶级菜单上, &os; 提供了一个
|
||||
<quote>Fixit</quote> 选项。
|
||||
要使用它, 您还需要一张和启动用的那张软盘同样的方法生成的
|
||||
<filename>fixit.flp</filename> 镜像软盘,
|
||||
或 <quote>live filesystem</quote>
|
||||
CDROM; 第二种通常是 &os; 发行版本的一部分。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>要启动 fixit, 只需简单地从
|
||||
<filename>kern.flp</filename> 这张软盘启动, 选择
|
||||
<quote>Fixit</quote> 这一项, 并根据提示插入 fixit 软盘或 CDROM。
|
||||
接下来您将进入一个提供了很多命令的命令行界面
|
||||
(在 <filename>/stand</filename>
|
||||
和 <filename>/mnt2/stand</filename> 目录中) 来检查、
|
||||
修复和检验文件系统及其内容。 使用 fixit <emphasis>是</emphasis>
|
||||
需要一些 UNIX 系统管理的经验的。</para>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>&arch.print; 架构上常见的问题</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<qandaset arch="i386,amd64">
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>我的计算机在启动并检测硬件时停住了,
|
||||
或者安装时行为异常, 或者软驱没有检测到。</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>&os; 5.0 以及更高版本大量地使用了 i386 平台上的系统 ACPI
|
||||
服务以帮助检测系统在启动过程中检测到的设备。
|
||||
不幸的是, ACPI 驱动程序以及主板及其 BIOS 仍然存在一些 bug。
|
||||
ACPI 可以通过在启动加载的第三阶段通过设置
|
||||
<quote>hint.acpi.0.disabled</quote> 来禁用:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>set hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>在每次启动时这个选项都会被复位,
|
||||
因此有必要把 <literal>hint.acpi.0.disabled="1"</literal>
|
||||
加入到
|
||||
<filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename>
|
||||
中。 要了解关于启动加载器的进一步详情, 请参考
|
||||
FreeBSD 使用手册。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
<qandaentry arch="amd64">
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>我的系统使用 nVidia nForce3 Pro-150 芯片组,
|
||||
在启动快结束时系统突然停止相应或开始丢失中断。</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>这种芯片组的 APIC 以及配套的 BIOS 在本次 release
|
||||
时仍然有很多问题。 尽管按照上面的方法禁止掉 ACPI 能够让系统正常工作,
|
||||
您可能会希望通过设置 <quote>hint.apic.0.disabled</quote>
|
||||
这样较为缓和的选项来达到目的。 如果在 BIOS 中存在这样的选项,
|
||||
请尝试关闭 APIC 支持。 不幸的是, 一些机器并没有这样的选项。
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>先前版本的 &os; 能够识别我的旧式 ISA 设备,
|
||||
而新版本不能了。 发生了什么问题?</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>类似 matcd 这样的一些驱动程序, 会由于无人维护或者其他一些原因而被删除。
|
||||
其他一些仍然存在, 但由于其具有侵略性的检测方法而被默认禁用。
|
||||
下面这些 ISA 设备驱动可以在启动加载器的第三步时启用:
|
||||
aha, ahv, aic, bt, ed, cs, sn, ie, fe, le, 以及 lnc。
|
||||
要做到这一点, 在加载器进行 10 秒倒计时的时候将其中止,
|
||||
并在提示符后输入:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>unset hint.foo.0.disabled</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>将 <replaceable>foo</replaceable>
|
||||
替换为驱动程序的名字就可以重新启用它们。
|
||||
通过编辑文件
|
||||
<filename>/boot/device.hints</filename>
|
||||
并删去相应的
|
||||
<quote>disabled</quote> 行可以使这一设置持久化。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>安装完 &os; 之后的首次硬盘启动, 内核已经正确加载并检测了硬件,
|
||||
但却停机并给出了类似下面的信息:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>changing root device to ad1s1a panic: cannot mount root</screen>
|
||||
<para>哪个地方出错? 应该如何解决?</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>在引导提示中给出的
|
||||
<literal>bios_drive:interface(unit,partition)kernel_name</literal>
|
||||
是什么意思?</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>当引导盘不是系统中的第一块盘时可能会触发一个存在了很久的问题。
|
||||
BIOS 使用和 &os; 不同的标号机制, 而改正这样的问题是非常困难的事情。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>当引导盘不是系统中的第一块盘时, &os;
|
||||
可能需要一些额外的帮助才能找到它。 这里有两种比较常见的情形,
|
||||
在这两种情形中, 您都需要告诉 &os; 根文件系统的位置。
|
||||
您可以通过指定 BIOS 磁盘编号、 类型以及
|
||||
&os; 对那种类型的编号来完成这项工作。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>第一种情况是您有两个 IDE 磁盘,
|
||||
每个配置成主盘在它们各自的 IDE 总线上,并且希望它们能从
|
||||
第二个盘引导 &os;
|
||||
BIOS 把它们看作磁盘 0 和磁盘 1, &os; 把它们看作
|
||||
<devicename>ad0</devicename> 和
|
||||
<devicename>ad2</devicename>。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; 在 BIOS 磁盘 1 上,类型为
|
||||
<literal>ad</literal> &os; 盘号为 2,
|
||||
因此您可以说:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>1:ad(2,a)kernel</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>注意如果有一个从盘在主接口上, 则上面这些就不必要了
|
||||
(而且, 事实上是错的)。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>第二种解决涉及到从一个 SCSI 磁盘上引导
|
||||
当您在系统上有一个或多个 IDE 磁盘。在这种情况下,
|
||||
&os; 的盘号比 BIOS 的盘号要低。
|
||||
如果您像 SCSI 磁盘一样有两个 IDE 磁盘,
|
||||
SCSI 磁盘是 BIOS 磁盘 2, 类型 <literal>da</literal>
|
||||
&os; 盘号为 0,因此您可以这样说:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>2:da(0,a)kernel</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>告诉 &os; 您想从 BIOS 磁盘2上引导,它就是系统上的第
|
||||
一个 SCSI 磁盘。如果您只有一个
|
||||
IDE 磁盘,您需要使用 '1:' 来代替。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>您一旦知道了需要使用的数值之后,
|
||||
就可以用您喜欢的文本编辑器把这些命令写进
|
||||
<filename>/boot.config</filename> 文件中。
|
||||
除非另有说明, &os; 会使用这个文件的内容, 作为对
|
||||
<literal>boot:</literal> 提示的回应。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>第一次安装 &os; 后,我从硬盘进行引导,但是引导管理器却提示
|
||||
<literal>F?</literal> 在每次引导时,但却不能引导进入系统。</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>在安装 &os; 的编辑分区时, 硬盘尺寸设置错误。
|
||||
返回到分区编辑器并指定您的硬盘的实际尺寸。
|
||||
您必须重新安装 &os; 再次重新设置正确的尺寸。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果在为您的机器指出正确的尺寸之后仍然失败,这里有个技巧:
|
||||
安装一个小的 DOS 分区在磁盘开始安装 &os; 后。安装程序将查看 DOS
|
||||
分区并且尝试着去推断正确的尺寸。通常这样就能正常工作。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>下面的提示不再推荐,但是留在这里作为参考:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<blockquote>
|
||||
<para>如果您正打算安装只使用 &os; 的服务器, 而不关心 (未来)
|
||||
和 DOS, Linux 或其他操作系统的兼容性, 您还可以选择使用整个磁盘
|
||||
(分区编辑器中的 ‘A’), 选择那个不标准的选项来让
|
||||
&os; 占满磁盘的每一个扇区。 这样您就不再需要考虑尺寸问题,
|
||||
而限制则是您将无法运行 &os; 以外的其他操作系统。</para>
|
||||
</blockquote>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>&man.mcd.4; 驱动总是认为它发现了一个设备, 而这导致我的
|
||||
Intel EtherExpress 网卡无法正常工作。</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>用 UserConfig 工具 (参见
|
||||
<filename>HARDWARE.TXT</filename>) 并禁用对
|
||||
<devicename>mcd0</devicename> 和
|
||||
<devicename>mcd1</devicename> 设备的探测。 一般而言,
|
||||
在内核配置文件中您应该只保留和启用那些将要用到的设备。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>系统发现了我的 my &man.ed.4; 网卡,但却出现
|
||||
设备超时错误。</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>您的卡可能与在内核配置中指定的 IRQ 号不同。
|
||||
ed 驱动默认并不使用软件配置 (DOS 下在 EZSETUP
|
||||
中输入的值), 但但如果您在内核配置文件中将 IRQ 指定为
|
||||
<literal>?</literal> 则它会使用软件的配置。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>另外, 也可以通过跳线来改变硬件设置
|
||||
(如果需要, 相应地修改内核配置),
|
||||
或在 UserConfig 中将 IRQ 指定为 <literal>-1</literal>,
|
||||
或在您的内核配置文件中使用 <literal>?</literal>
|
||||
来告诉内核使用软件配置。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>另一种可能是您的卡使用了 IRQ 9, 而这是和 IRQ 2 共用的,
|
||||
这也是经常造成问题的原因
|
||||
(尤其是当您的 VGA 显卡使用 IRQ 2 时!)。 只要可能,
|
||||
您就不应使用 IRQ 2 或 9。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>我从软盘引导安装我的 IBM ThinkPad (tm)膝上型电脑,
|
||||
键盘的输入一团糟。</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>以前的 IBM 膝上型电脑使用非标准的键盘控制器,
|
||||
所以您必须告诉键盘驱动程序 (atkbd0) 进入一个特定的模式
|
||||
使它能够在 ThinkPads 上工作。 在 UserConfig 文件中将
|
||||
atkbd0 'Flags' 设置为 0x4, 它就应该能正常的工作了。
|
||||
(参见 'Keyboard' 输入菜单)</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>我的系统找不到我的 Intel EtherExpress 16 卡。</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>您必须设置您的 Intel EtherExpress 16 卡的内存映射到地址
|
||||
0xD0000, 并使用 Intel 提供的 <filename>softset.exe</filename>
|
||||
程序进行设置, 让使映射后的内存大小为 32K </para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>在 EISA HP Netserver 上安装时,我的
|
||||
AIC-7xxx SCSI 控制器检测不到。</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>这是一个已知问题, 并用会在将来对其进行修复。
|
||||
为了使您的系统完全安装, 使用 <option>-c</option> 引导选项进入
|
||||
UserConfig, 但是 <emphasis>不能</emphasis> 使用好看的可视化模式,
|
||||
而必须使用旧式的文本 CLI 模式。 在提示符下输入:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>eisa 12</userinput>
|
||||
<userinput>quit</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>。 (您也可以用 ‘visual’ 代替 ‘quit’,
|
||||
在接下来的配置对话在可视化模式。)
|
||||
尽管我们推荐您编译定制的内核, 但 dset 现在也能够保存这些值了。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>参考 FAQ 主题 5.3 解释的问题和怎样继续。
|
||||
在您的本地系统 /usr/share/doc/FAQ 目录中可以找到 FAQ,
|
||||
如果您安装了 ‘doc’ 软件包的话。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>我有一台 Panasonic AL-N1 或 Rios Chandler Pentium
|
||||
机器, 我发现每当进入安装时系统都会挂机。</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>由于某些原因, 您的机器可能不喜欢新的
|
||||
<literal>i586_copyout</literal> 和
|
||||
<literal>i586_copyin</literal> 代码。 要禁止它,
|
||||
用安装软盘进行引导, 当它进入第一个菜单 (选择是否进入 UserConfig)
|
||||
时选择命令行界面
|
||||
(<quote>专家模式, Expert Mode</quote>),
|
||||
并且输入下面的语句:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><userinput>flags npx0 1</userinput></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>继续正常的引导过程。 这些设置将保存在您的内核中,
|
||||
因此您只需做一次就可以了。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>我有个 CMD640 IDE 控制器, 系统它坏了。</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>&os; 不支持这种控制器。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>在一台 Compaq Aero 笔记本上, 当尝试从软盘安装时, 提示 <quote>No
|
||||
floppy devices found! Please check ...</quote>。</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>Compaq 系统总是与其它系统有点不同, 他们没有在笔记本的 CMOS RAM
|
||||
中说明软驱的存在。 因此, 驱动程序会认为没有配置软驱。
|
||||
进入 UserConfig 屏幕, 将 fdc0 驱动标志值设置为 0x1。
|
||||
这样驱动程序将认为第一个软驱存在, 而不去查询 CMOS。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>在安装一台 Dell Poweredge XE 时, 无法识别 Dell
|
||||
自有的 RAID 控制器 DSA (Dell SCSI Array)。</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>配置 DSA 来使用 AHA-1540 仿真使用 EISA
|
||||
配置程序。之后 &os; 检测到 DSA
|
||||
作为一个 Adaptec AHA-1540 SCSI 控制器,irq 11 和 port
|
||||
340。在可视化模式下系统将使用 DSA RAID disks,
|
||||
但您不能使用 DSA-specific 里的特性,例如查看 RAID 健壮性。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>我有一个 IBM EtherJet PCI 卡,它被
|
||||
&man.fxp.4; 驱动程序正确的探测到, 但网卡上的灯却不亮,
|
||||
也不能连到网络。</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>我们不理解为什么会发生这样情况, IBM 也不理解
|
||||
(我们问过他们)。 这块网卡是标准的 Intel EtherExpress
|
||||
Pro/100, 只是上面有 IBM 的标签, 这种卡通常工作的都很好。
|
||||
您可以在一些 IBM 的服务器上看一些这方面的征兆。
|
||||
唯一的解决办法是安装一个不同品牌的网卡。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>当我在配置网络服务期间安装了一个
|
||||
IBM Netfinity 3500, 系统停止了响应。</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>在 Netfinity 3500 板上有一个问题, 目前为止我们还没有找出其根源。
|
||||
它可能与系统配置不正确的 SMP 特性有关。
|
||||
目前您只能换一块不同品牌的网卡, 而在任何时候都避免使用板载的。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
<qandaentry>
|
||||
<question>
|
||||
<para>我安装到由 Mylex PCI RAID 控制器管理的磁盘时,
|
||||
系统启动失败 (例如, 显示
|
||||
<literal>read error</literal> 错误信息)。</para>
|
||||
</question>
|
||||
<answer>
|
||||
<para>Mylex 驱动中有一个 bug,
|
||||
它会忽略 BIOS 中的 <quote>8GB</quote> 模式设置。
|
||||
请改为使用 2GB 模式。</para>
|
||||
</answer>
|
||||
</qandaentry>
|
||||
</qandaset>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.12
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
This section contains the contents of the old UPGRADE.TXT
|
||||
file.
|
||||
-->
|
||||
<sect1 id="upgrading">
|
||||
<title>升级 &os;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这些说明描述了从一个旧版本的 &os; 执行二进制升级的过程。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<warning>
|
||||
<para>尽管 &os; 升级过程尽力防止意外的数据丢失,
|
||||
但是仍有很大可能这次安装会
|
||||
<emphasis>擦除您的整个硬盘</emphasis>!
|
||||
请不要接受最后的确认请求,除非您已经备份了所有重要的数据文件。</para>
|
||||
</warning>
|
||||
|
||||
<important>
|
||||
<para>这些说明假定您正在使用您打算升级的 &os; 版本提供的
|
||||
&man.sysinstall.8; 版本。使用一个不匹配的 &man.sysinstall.8;
|
||||
版本几乎总是会造成问题并且已知会让系统处于不可用状态。
|
||||
在这方面最容易犯的错误就是使用现存的安装的旧的
|
||||
&man.sysinstall.8; 副本来升级 &os; 到新的版本。
|
||||
这是 <emphasis>绝不</emphasis> 推荐的。</para>
|
||||
</important>
|
||||
|
||||
<warning>
|
||||
<para>现在还不支持从 &os; 4-STABLE 到 &os; &release.current;
|
||||
的二进制升级。&os; 4-STABLE 中存在的一些文件会引起混乱,
|
||||
但是却不能被二进制升级移除。一个著名的例子就是旧的
|
||||
<filename>/usr/include/g++</filename> 目录会引起 C++
|
||||
程序编译错误 (也可能没有影响)。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这些升级说明提供给那些从近来的
|
||||
&os; &release.branch; snapshot 升级的用户。</para>
|
||||
</warning>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>介绍</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>升级过程用相应的最新的
|
||||
&os; release 取代用户选定的发行版本。
|
||||
这个过程保护标准的系统配置文件数据,
|
||||
还有用户数据、已安装的包和其它软件。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>推荐正在考虑升级的管理员在着手升级之前完整阅读这一章节。
|
||||
不这样做的后果很可能就是升级失败或者数据丢失。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>升级概览</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>发行版本的升级就是执行解压缩新版本组件覆盖当前版本。
|
||||
属于旧的发行版本的文件不会被删除。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>系统配置文件通过保留并恢复下列文件的当前版本来实现保护:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><filename>Xaccel.ini</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>XF86Config</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>adduser.conf</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>aliases</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>aliases.db</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>amd.map</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>crontab</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>csh.cshrc</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>csh.login</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>csh.logout</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>cvsupfile</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>dhclient.conf</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>disktab</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>dm.conf</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>dumpdates</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>exports</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>fbtab</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>fstab</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>ftpusers</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>gettytab</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>gnats</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>group</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>hosts</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>hosts.allow</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>hosts.equiv</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>hosts.lpd</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>inetd.conf</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>localtime</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>login.access</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>login.conf</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>mail</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>mail.rc</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>make.conf</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>manpath.config</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>master.passwd</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>motd</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>namedb</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>networks</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>newsyslog.conf</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>nsmb.conf</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>nsswitch.conf</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>pam.conf</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>passwd</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>periodic</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>ppp</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>printcap</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>profile</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>pwd.db</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>rc.conf</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>rc.conf.local</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>rc.firewall</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>rc.local</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>remote</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>resolv.conf</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>rmt</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>sendmail.cf</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>sendmail.cw</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>services</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>shells</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>skeykeys</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>spwd.db</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>ssh</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>syslog.conf</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>ttys</filename>,
|
||||
<filename>uucp</filename>
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这些文件相应的新版本被转移到
|
||||
<filename>/etc/upgrade/</filename>。
|
||||
系统管理员可以仔细阅读这些新版本并合并需要的部分。
|
||||
注意这里面很多文件是相互依赖的,
|
||||
最好的合并过程是将所有的站点特定数据从当前文件复制进新的文件。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>在升级过程中,会提示管理员
|
||||
<filename>/etc/</filename> 中所有文件要存放的位置。
|
||||
在本地修改合并进入其它文件后,也可以从这个位置再找回它们。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>过程</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这一节详细描述了升级过程。尤其关注那些和通常的安装有明显区别的部分。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>备份</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>用户数据和系统配置文件在升级前应该备份。
|
||||
尽管升级过程尽力的去防止意外的失误,
|
||||
还是有可能全部或部分的毁坏数据和配置文件信息。</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>挂载文件系统</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>进入 disklabel 编辑器会列出命名的磁盘文件系统设备。
|
||||
在着手升级前,管理员应该记录一下设备名和相应的挂载点。
|
||||
这些挂载点应该在这里输入。
|
||||
<emphasis>不要</emphasis> 对任何文件系统设置<quote>newfs
|
||||
flag</quote>,因为这会引起数据丢失。</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>选择 Distribution</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>选择 distribution 的时候,没有强制的约束必须选择哪一个。
|
||||
基本规则是,<literal>base</literal>
|
||||
distribution 对于升级来说应该选择,如果已经安装了联机手册
|
||||
<literal>man</literal> distribution 也应该选择。
|
||||
如果管理员希望添加额外的功能,在最初的安装之外其它 distribution
|
||||
也可以选择。</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3 id="fstab">
|
||||
<title>安装之后</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>一旦安装过程完成,就会提示管理员检查新的配置文件。
|
||||
这时候,应该做下检查来保证系统配置文件有效。
|
||||
尤其是,应该检查 <filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename> 和
|
||||
<filename>/etc/fstab</filename> 文件。</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>从源代码升级</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>那些对允许更复杂、诡异的升级方法感兴趣的人应该看看
|
||||
&os; 使用手册的 <ulink
|
||||
url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/zh_CN.GB2312/books/handbook/cutting-edge.html">
|
||||
最前沿</ulink> 一章。这个过程包括了从源代码重建整个 &os;。
|
||||
这依赖于可靠的网络连接、额外的磁盘空间和时间,
|
||||
但是有网络以及其它更复杂安装的优势。
|
||||
这基本和跟踪 -STABLE 或 -CURRENT 开发分支的过程是相同的。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para><filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename> 包含了从源代码升级 &os;
|
||||
系统的重要信息。它列出了 &os; 中各种各样可能影响升级的改动。</para>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.4
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
DOC?= article
|
||||
FORMATS?= html
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz
|
||||
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
|
||||
|
||||
# SGML content
|
||||
SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/artheader.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/abstract.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/install.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/layout.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/trouble.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/upgrade.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.5
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/install.ent">
|
||||
%sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch "i386">
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch.print "i386">
|
||||
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<article>
|
||||
&artheader;
|
||||
&abstract;
|
||||
§.install;
|
||||
§.layout;
|
||||
§.upgrade;
|
||||
§.trouble;
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.1
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
DOC?= article
|
||||
FORMATS?= html
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz
|
||||
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
|
||||
|
||||
# SGML content
|
||||
SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/artheader.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/abstract.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/install.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/layout.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/trouble.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/upgrade.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.2
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/install.ent">
|
||||
%sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch "ia64">
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch.print "IA-64">
|
||||
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<article>
|
||||
&artheader;
|
||||
&abstract;
|
||||
§.install;
|
||||
§.layout;
|
||||
§.upgrade;
|
||||
§.trouble;
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.1
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
DOC?= article
|
||||
FORMATS?= html
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz
|
||||
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
|
||||
|
||||
# SGML content
|
||||
SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/artheader.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/abstract.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/install.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/layout.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/trouble.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/upgrade.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.2
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/install.ent">
|
||||
%sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch "pc98">
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch.print "NEC PC-98x1">
|
||||
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<article>
|
||||
&artheader;
|
||||
&abstract;
|
||||
§.install;
|
||||
§.layout;
|
||||
§.upgrade;
|
||||
§.trouble;
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.1
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
DOC?= article
|
||||
FORMATS?= html
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz
|
||||
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
|
||||
|
||||
# SGML content
|
||||
SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= install.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/artheader.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/install.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/layout.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.5
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/install.ent"> %sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch "sparc64">
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch.print "UltraSPARC">
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.url "ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/development/sparc64/">
|
||||
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<article>
|
||||
&artheader;
|
||||
&abstract;
|
||||
§.install;
|
||||
§.layout;
|
||||
§.upgrade;
|
||||
§.trouble;
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,566 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.14
|
||||
$FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
This file contains sparc64-specific installation instructions.
|
||||
|
||||
-->
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="install">
|
||||
<title>Installing &os;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This text describes how to install and boot the &arch; port.
|
||||
Users of this port are encouraged to subscribe to the
|
||||
&a.sparc;.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<warning>
|
||||
<para>The kernel and userland binaries mentioned below are highly
|
||||
experimental (for example, the kernel contains some ATA changes
|
||||
and EEPROM handling code which could potentially be dangerous).
|
||||
Unless you know what you are doing and are willing to cope with
|
||||
any damage that might arise, you should probably not be trying
|
||||
this.</para>
|
||||
</warning>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Unlike &os;/i386 or &os;/alpha, there is no version of
|
||||
&man.sysinstall.8; for &os;/&arch;. The installation procedure
|
||||
consists of loading a kernel (either from CDROM or the network)
|
||||
onto the &arch; machine, with a root filesystem on CDROM or
|
||||
exported via NFS. The utilities on the root filesystem can then
|
||||
be used to partition the local disk on the &arch; machine and
|
||||
optionally to copy the &os; distribution to the local disk to make
|
||||
a stand-alone machine.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Currently, there are two ways to install &os;/&arch; on a new
|
||||
machine. By far the easier of the two is to install from CDROM;
|
||||
this method allows you to install &os; without any dependencies on
|
||||
any other computers.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If installing from CDROM is impossible or undesirable, the
|
||||
alternative is to install over the network. This requires another
|
||||
machine, suitably configured, to serve the boot loader, kernel,
|
||||
and root filesystem to the new machine, via a combination of
|
||||
RARP, TFTP, and either BOOTP or DHCP. This netboot server can be
|
||||
another &os; machine, but is not required to be.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>You will need to decide which of these methods you want to use
|
||||
for installation, as this will determine the set of files you need
|
||||
to download (if any), as well as the steps required to do the
|
||||
installation.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- this should read "in this document" after the re-structure -->
|
||||
|
||||
<important>
|
||||
<para>The URLs in this section are provisional and subject to
|
||||
change. Please see the archives of the &a.sparc; for the most
|
||||
recent locations of files. This notice will be removed when
|
||||
more permanent URLs have been determined.</para>
|
||||
</important>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="getting-to-prom-prompt">
|
||||
<title>Getting to the PROM Prompt</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Most &arch; systems are set up to boot automatically from
|
||||
disk. To install &os;, you need to boot over the network or
|
||||
from a CDROM, which requires you to break into the PROM
|
||||
(OpenFirmware).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To do this, reboot the system, and wait until the boot
|
||||
message appears. It depends on the model, but should look about
|
||||
like:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>Sun Blade 100 (UltraSPARC-IIe), Keyboard Present
|
||||
Copyright 1998-2001 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
|
||||
OpenBoot 4.2, 128 MB memory installed, Serial #51090132.
|
||||
Ethernet address 0:3:ba:b:92:d4, Host ID: 830b92d4.</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If your system proceeds to boot from disk at this point, you
|
||||
need to press <keycombo
|
||||
action="simul"><keycap>L1</keycap><keycap>A</keycap></keycombo>
|
||||
or <keycombo
|
||||
action="simul"><keycap>Stop</keycap><keycap>A</keycap></keycombo>
|
||||
on the keyboard, or send a <command>BREAK</command> over the
|
||||
serial console (using for example <command>~#</command> in
|
||||
&man.tip.1; or &man.cu.1;) to get to the PROM prompt. It looks
|
||||
like this:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screenco>
|
||||
<areaspec>
|
||||
<area id="prompt-single" coords="1 5">
|
||||
<area id="prompt-smp" coords="2 5">
|
||||
</areaspec>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen><prompt>ok </prompt>
|
||||
<prompt>ok {0} </prompt></screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<calloutlist>
|
||||
<callout arearefs="prompt-single">
|
||||
<para>This is the prompt used on systems with just one
|
||||
CPU.</para>
|
||||
</callout>
|
||||
|
||||
<callout arearefs="prompt-smp">
|
||||
<para>This is the prompt used on SMP systems, the digit
|
||||
indicates the number of the active CPU.</para>
|
||||
</callout>
|
||||
</calloutlist>
|
||||
</screenco>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="prepare-cd">
|
||||
<title>Preparing for a CDROM Installation</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If you want to do a CDROM installation, an ISO image with a
|
||||
snapshot of &os;/&arch; can be found at <ulink
|
||||
url="&release.url;"></ulink>. This file can be used to create a
|
||||
bootable CDROM which contains everything necessary to boot and
|
||||
load at least a minimal &os; installation.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- XXX ISO location?-->
|
||||
<para>Place the CDROM into your drive, and break into the PROM as
|
||||
described above. On the PROM prompt, type <command>boot
|
||||
cdrom</command>. The system should boot into single-user mode
|
||||
now, and you can create the disk label and install the base
|
||||
system archive as described in <xref
|
||||
linkend="creating-disk-label"> and <xref
|
||||
linkend="creating-root-filesystem">.</para>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="prepare-network">
|
||||
<title>Preparing for a Network Installation</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>A &os;/&arch; kernel is booted by having the firmware
|
||||
retrieve and execute a <application>loader</application>, which
|
||||
in turn fetches and executes the actual kernel. For this boot
|
||||
process, you need to set up &man.rarpd.8; and &man.tftpd.8; (for
|
||||
the firmware) and &man.bootpd.8; (for the
|
||||
<application>loader</application>) on another networked system.
|
||||
The loader can fetch a kernel using TFTP or NFS. All of this is
|
||||
covered in detail below.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3 id="downloading">
|
||||
<title>Getting the Required Files</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>For a network installation, you will need several files.
|
||||
First, you will need to download a &os;/&arch; loader for
|
||||
&man.tftpd.8; to serve to your &arch; client. The loader will
|
||||
use either TFTP or NFS to retrieve the &os; kernel from the
|
||||
netboot server. There is a separate loader for each of these
|
||||
methods (i.e. a loader for TFTP and a loader for NFS). You
|
||||
should download one of the following files, as
|
||||
appropriate:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink
|
||||
url="&release.url;loader-tftp.gz"></ulink></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><ulink
|
||||
url="&release.url;loader-nfs.gz"></ulink></para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>A network installation also requires a kernel to be served
|
||||
to the netboot client. A suitable kernel can be found at
|
||||
<ulink url="&release.url;"></ulink>.</para>
|
||||
<!-- XXX kernel filename?-->
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Finally, you will need a &man.tar.1; archive which
|
||||
contains the binaries and configuration files from the base
|
||||
system. This file is available from <ulink
|
||||
url="&release.url;distrib.tar.gz"></ulink>.</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- put the words "netboot server" in here -->
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>rarpd</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>You need to add the Ethernet address of your &os;/&arch;
|
||||
system to <filename>/etc/ethers</filename> on the netboot
|
||||
server. An entry looks like:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<programlisting>0:3:ba:b:92:d4 your.host.name</programlisting>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Ethernet address is usually displayed in the boot
|
||||
message.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Make sure <hostid>your.host.name</hostid> is in
|
||||
<filename>/etc/hosts</filename> or has a valid DNS entry (or
|
||||
use an IP address). Then, start &man.rarpd.8; on a network
|
||||
interface that is on the same subnet as the &os;/&arch;
|
||||
system.</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- put the words "netboot server" in here -->
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>tftpd</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Activate &man.tftpd.8; in your &man.inetd.8;
|
||||
configuration by uncommenting the following line in
|
||||
<filename>/etc/inetd.conf</filename>:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<programlisting>tftp dgram udp wait nobody /usr/libexec/tftpd tftpd /tftpboot</programlisting>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Copy the unpacked loader to your
|
||||
<filename>/tftpboot</filename> directory, and name it with the
|
||||
&os;/&arch; host's IP address in upper-case hexadecimal
|
||||
notation without dots (or use appropriately-named symbolic
|
||||
links). For example, your setup may look like this, for an IP
|
||||
address of <hostid>192.168.0.16</hostid>:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen> lrwx------ 1 tmm users 9 Jul 24 17:05 /tftpboot/C0A80010 -> boot/loader
|
||||
-rw-r--r-- 1 tmm users 1643021 Oct 20 18:04 /tftpboot/boot/loader</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If you have trouble booting, it is very helpful to use
|
||||
&man.tcpdump.1; to monitor the TFTP requests. This will allow
|
||||
you to see the file name you need to use for the loader.
|
||||
Error replies by the TFTP server are most often due to
|
||||
incorrect file permissions.</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- put the words "netboot server" in here -->
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>Setting up bootpd/dhcpd</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>You can use either BOOTP or DHCP (both not both) to
|
||||
provide some parameters to the boot loader, such as a
|
||||
machine's IP address. If you are using another &os; machine
|
||||
as a netboot server, the BOOTP functionality is provided by
|
||||
&man.bootpd.8;, which is a part of the &os; base system.
|
||||
Several DHCP servers are provided in the &os; Ports
|
||||
Collection.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If you are going to use &man.bootpd.8;, create entries for
|
||||
your &os;/&arch; system in the server's
|
||||
<filename>/etc/bootptab</filename> (see &man.bootptab.5; for
|
||||
more details):</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<programlisting>.default:\
|
||||
:bf="kernel":dn=local:ds=<replaceable>name-server-ip-address</replaceable>:\
|
||||
:gw=<replaceable>gateway-ip-address</replaceable>:ht=ether:hd="/tftpboot/boot/kernel":hn:\
|
||||
:sa="<replaceable>tftp-server-ip-address</replaceable>":\
|
||||
:rp="<replaceable>tftp-server-ip-address</replaceable>:<replaceable>nfs-root-directory</replaceable>":\
|
||||
:sm=<replaceable>ip-netmask</replaceable>
|
||||
|
||||
<replaceable>name-of-the-entry</replaceable>:\
|
||||
ha=<replaceable>sparc64-ethernet-address</replaceable>:ip=<replaceable>sparc64-ip-address</replaceable>:tc=.default</programlisting>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The Ethernet address must be the same as the one in the
|
||||
TFTP example above, but it is specified hexadecimal notation
|
||||
without colons (for the example above, this would be
|
||||
<literal>0003ba0b92d4</literal>). NFS/TFTP specific entries
|
||||
can be omitted if the given method is not used. The strings
|
||||
given in the <literal>hd</literal> and <literal>bf</literal>
|
||||
properties are concatenated to give the boot file name. If
|
||||
your kernel is named differently or you use another directory,
|
||||
change these values as required. If you are booting using
|
||||
NFS, remove the <literal>bf</literal> and
|
||||
<literal>hd</literal> settings (or change them to specify the
|
||||
directory and file inside the NFS root hierarchy in which the
|
||||
kernel will reside). The name of the host entry is
|
||||
conventionally the host name without the domain
|
||||
appended.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>For a DHCP server, add an entry similar to the following
|
||||
to your <filename>dhcpd.conf</filename> file. An example
|
||||
entry for <application>ISC DHCP</application> version 2
|
||||
(available in the &os; Ports Collection as <filename
|
||||
role="package">net/isc-dhcp2</filename>) is shown
|
||||
below:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<programlisting>host <replaceable>name-of-entry</replaceable> {
|
||||
hardware ethernet <replaceable>sparc64-ethernet-address</replaceable>;
|
||||
option host-name "<replaceable>sparc64-fully-qualified-domain-name</replaceable>";
|
||||
fixed-address <replaceable>sparc64-ip-address</replaceable>;
|
||||
always-reply-rfc1048 on;
|
||||
filename "kernel";
|
||||
option root-path "<replaceable>tftp-server-ip-address</replaceable>:<replaceable>nfs-root-directory</replaceable>";
|
||||
}</programlisting>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The <literal>filename</literal> option corresponds to the
|
||||
concatenation of <literal>hd</literal> and
|
||||
<literal>bf</literal> in <filename>/etc/bootptab</filename>.
|
||||
The Ethernet address is specified in hexadecimal with colons,
|
||||
just like in the &man.rarpd.8; example above.
|
||||
<literal>options root-path</literal> corresponds to
|
||||
<literal>rp</literal> in <filename>/etc/bootptab</filename>.
|
||||
If the name given in <literal>option host-name</literal> is
|
||||
resolvable, i.e. has a DNS entry or is associated with an
|
||||
address in <filename>/etc/hosts</filename>, the
|
||||
<literal>fixed-address</literal> specification can be
|
||||
omitted.</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>Loading the Kernel</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>With the daemons on the netboot server configured, the
|
||||
next step is to copy the kernel (obtained during the steps of
|
||||
<xref linkend="downloading">) to an appropriate directory.
|
||||
There are two ways of retrieving a kernel over the network:
|
||||
TFTP and NFS. (You specified one of these two alternatives by
|
||||
picking a loader.)</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>For both TFTP and NFS, the loader will use the parameters
|
||||
that it obtained via BOOTP or DHCP to find the kernel.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect4>
|
||||
<title>Loading the Kernel over TFTP</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Place the kernel in the directory you specified using
|
||||
<literal>bf</literal> and <literal>hd</literal> in the
|
||||
<filename>/etc/bootptab</filename> or the
|
||||
<literal>filename</literal> parameter to
|
||||
<filename>dhcpd.conf</filename>.</para>
|
||||
</sect4>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect4>
|
||||
<title>Loading the Kernel over NFS</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Export the directory that was specified by the
|
||||
<literal>rp</literal> property in
|
||||
<filename>/etc/bootptab</filename> or the
|
||||
<literal>root-path</literal> parameter in
|
||||
<filename>dhcpd.conf</filename> (see &man.exports.5;). Copy
|
||||
the kernel to the directory you specified using
|
||||
<literal>bf</literal> and <literal>hd</literal> in the
|
||||
<filename>/etc/bootptab</filename> or the
|
||||
<literal>filename</literal> parameter to
|
||||
<filename>dhcpd.conf</filename>.</para>
|
||||
</sect4>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>Loading the Base System to the Netboot Server</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>You must extract the base system distribution image to the
|
||||
NFS root directory specified either by the
|
||||
<literal>rp</literal> option in
|
||||
<filename>/etc/bootptab</filename> or the
|
||||
<literal>root-path</literal> option in
|
||||
<filename>dhcpd.conf</filename>. This directory tree will
|
||||
become the &arch;'s root filesystem once the kernel is booted.
|
||||
Besides providing a normal userland environment, it also
|
||||
contains all of the necessary utilities for you to install the
|
||||
distribution on the &arch; client's local disk.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Using whatever editing tools you have on the netboot
|
||||
server, you probably will want to edit the &arch;'s
|
||||
<filename>/etc/fstab</filename> and
|
||||
<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename> and set a
|
||||
<username>root</username> password.</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect3>
|
||||
<title>Booting</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If all goes well, you can now boot the &os; on your &arch;
|
||||
machine by dropping into the PROM prompt as described in <xref
|
||||
linkend="getting-to-prom-prompt">. Now, just type
|
||||
<command>boot net</command> and the system should boot.
|
||||
Specifically, the loader is retrieved via TFTP, it then does a
|
||||
BOOTP request and will proceed to load the kernel (either
|
||||
using TFTP or NFS, depending on your choice of loader). Then,
|
||||
it should wait 10 seconds for user input and proceed to
|
||||
execute the kernel.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If something does not work in between, and you suspect
|
||||
TFTP/NFS/BOOTP problems, <application>Ethereal</application>
|
||||
(available in the &os; Ports Collection as <filename
|
||||
role="package"> net/ethereal</filename>) is usually helpful.
|
||||
The most common problems are related to bad file permissions.
|
||||
Also note that &man.rarpd.8; will not answer to packets under
|
||||
some circumstances, refer to the manual page for
|
||||
details.</para>
|
||||
</sect3>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="creating-disk-label">
|
||||
<title>Creating a Disk Label</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The kernel supports the Sun disk label format, so you can
|
||||
label the disks you want to use with &os; from Solaris.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; disk labels must currently be created by hand, as
|
||||
&man.sysinstall.8; is not yet available on &os;/&arch;. Please
|
||||
refer to the <ulink
|
||||
url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/">FreeBSD
|
||||
Handbook</ulink> for more information about labels and special
|
||||
partitions.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>On &os;/&arch;, a Sun compatibility label is embedded in the
|
||||
&os; label; this is needed for the PROM to boot from disk. This
|
||||
imposes an additional restriction on the disk label format:
|
||||
partitions are required to start on a cylinder boundary.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To create a disk label, the following procedure is the
|
||||
easiest:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<procedure>
|
||||
<step>
|
||||
<para>Run <command>disklabel -w -r
|
||||
<replaceable>device</replaceable> auto</command> to create a
|
||||
basic disk label. The third argument you need specify here
|
||||
is just the name of the device, not the complete path to the
|
||||
device node (e.g. <devicename>ad0</devicename> for the first
|
||||
ATA disk).</para>
|
||||
</step>
|
||||
|
||||
<step>
|
||||
<para> Use <command>disklabel -e
|
||||
<replaceable>device</replaceable></command> to open an
|
||||
editor in which you can edit the disk label. The
|
||||
information presented to you should look like:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen># /dev/ad6c:
|
||||
type: unknown
|
||||
disk: amnesiac
|
||||
label:
|
||||
flags:
|
||||
bytes/sector: 512
|
||||
sectors/track: 63
|
||||
tracks/cylinder: 16
|
||||
sectors/cylinder: 1008
|
||||
cylinders: 79780
|
||||
sectors/unit: 80418240
|
||||
rpm: 3600
|
||||
interleave: 1
|
||||
trackskew: 0
|
||||
cylinderskew: 0
|
||||
headswitch: 0 # milliseconds
|
||||
track-to-track seek: 0 # milliseconds
|
||||
drivedata: 0
|
||||
|
||||
8 partitions:
|
||||
# size offset fstype [fsize bsize bps/cpg]
|
||||
c: 80418240 0 unused 0 0 # (Cyl. 0 - 79779)</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>You can now add new partitions in the same format as the
|
||||
already present line. Using <literal>*</literal> in the
|
||||
offset field makes the procedure easier; please refer to the
|
||||
&man.disklabel.8; manual page for more information.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To make sure the restriction mentioned above is met, the
|
||||
size of each partition must be a multiple of the number of
|
||||
sectors per cylinder as shown in the information that is
|
||||
presented in the editor (1008 in the example above).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>When you are done, save your changes and quit the
|
||||
editor.i This will cause the disk label to be
|
||||
written.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<warning>
|
||||
<para>This procedure will overwrite any disk label that may
|
||||
be already present on the disk. Any existing filesystems
|
||||
on this disk must have their respective partition entries
|
||||
in the old and new label match
|
||||
<emphasis>exactly</emphasis>, or they will be
|
||||
lost.</para>
|
||||
</warning>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If you want to double-check that your partitions end on
|
||||
cylinder boundaries, run <command>disklabel -e
|
||||
<replaceable>device</replaceable></command> again. The
|
||||
editor will display the cylinders used by a particular
|
||||
partition on the right hand side of the output. If any of
|
||||
the partitions you defined (i.e. anything except partition
|
||||
<literal>c</literal>) shows an <literal>*</literal> next to
|
||||
it, the partition does <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> start or end
|
||||
on a cylinder boundary. You <emphasis>MUST</emphasis> fix
|
||||
these or your system will not work.</para>
|
||||
</step>
|
||||
|
||||
<step>
|
||||
<para>Use <command>disklabel -B</command> if you want to make
|
||||
the disk bootable for &os;/&arch;.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<warning>
|
||||
<para>Using <command>disklabel -B</command> on a disk will
|
||||
overwrite any preexisting boot block, so it will likely
|
||||
render any other operating system installed on the same
|
||||
disk unbootable.</para>
|
||||
</warning>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If you do not want to overwrite the boot block, it is
|
||||
possible to load the <application>loader</application> via
|
||||
TFTP as described above, but have it boot the kernel from
|
||||
disk. This requires a special loader binary, which is
|
||||
available at <ulink
|
||||
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/development/sparc64/loader-ufs.gz"></ulink></para>
|
||||
</step>
|
||||
</procedure>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="creating-root-filesystem">
|
||||
<title>Creating the Root Fileystem</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If you want to boot from a local disk, you will need to
|
||||
create a root filesystem to hold the base system binaries and
|
||||
configuration files (and optionally other filesystems mounted
|
||||
in places such as <filename>/usr</filename> and
|
||||
<filename>/var</filename>).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The kernel contains support for Sun disklabels, so you can
|
||||
use Solaris disks, which may even be prepared using
|
||||
<application>newfs</application> under Solaris. NetBSD disk
|
||||
labels and filesystems are also usable from &os;.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<warning>
|
||||
<para>Do <emphasis>not</emphasis> run Solaris
|
||||
<application>fsck</application> on filesystems modified by
|
||||
&os;. Doing so will damage the file permissions.</para>
|
||||
</warning>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To create filesystems and to install the base system, boot
|
||||
from CDROM or via NFS and create a disk label as described in
|
||||
<xref linkend="creating-disk-label">.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>When booting the first time and you have not entered your
|
||||
root partition into <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> yet, you may
|
||||
need to specify your root partition on the mountroot prompt when
|
||||
booting (use a format like
|
||||
<command>ufs:<replaceable>disk</replaceable><replaceable>partition</replaceable></command>,
|
||||
i.e. leave the slice specification out). If the kernel does
|
||||
automatically attempt to boot from another filesystem, press a
|
||||
key other than <keycap>Enter</keycap> on the
|
||||
<application>loader</application> prompt:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<screen>Hit [Enter] to boot immediately, or any other key for command prompt.</screen>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Then, boot the kernel using <command>boot -a -s</command>,
|
||||
which will cause the kernel to ask you for the root partition
|
||||
and then boot into single-user mode. Once the root filesystem
|
||||
has been entered into <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>, it should
|
||||
be automatically mounted as <filename>/</filename> on the next
|
||||
boot.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If you are booting over the network (via NFS), the above
|
||||
BOOTP entries should suffice to have the kernel find and mount
|
||||
the root filesystem via NFS.</para>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="installing-base-system">
|
||||
<title>Installing the Base System</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If you booted the kernel from the network, you downloaded a
|
||||
&man.tar.1; archive with the base system and exported it from
|
||||
the netboot server via NFS. You can unpack this same archive to
|
||||
your local disk to create a stand-alone system (remember to copy
|
||||
the kernel over as well).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>If you booted from CDROM, the same archive is available in
|
||||
<filename>/root/</filename> on the CDROM.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Before booting the system stand-alone, you will want to edit
|
||||
<filename>/etc/fstab</filename> and
|
||||
<filename>/etc/rc.conf</filename> and set a
|
||||
<username>root</username> password.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Note that some programs from the base system may not be
|
||||
present in the archive, or may not work properly yet.</para>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
|
||||
# The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.7
|
||||
#
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../..
|
||||
.ifdef NO_LANGCODE_IN_DESTDIR
|
||||
DESTDIR?= ${DOCDIR}/readme
|
||||
.else
|
||||
DESTDIR?= ${DOCDIR}/zh_CN.GB2312/readme
|
||||
.endif
|
||||
|
||||
DOC?= article
|
||||
FORMATS?= html
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz
|
||||
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
|
||||
|
||||
#
|
||||
# SRCS lists the individual SGML files that make up the document. Changes
|
||||
# to any of these files will force a rebuild
|
||||
#
|
||||
|
||||
# SGML content
|
||||
SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,389 @@
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
The FreeBSD Documentation Project
|
||||
The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
|
||||
Original Revision: 1.31.2.2
|
||||
-->
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<article>
|
||||
<articleinfo>
|
||||
<title>&os; &release.current; 自述</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<corpauthor>The &os; Project</corpauthor>
|
||||
|
||||
<pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
|
||||
|
||||
<copyright>
|
||||
<year>2000</year>
|
||||
<year>2001</year>
|
||||
<year>2002</year>
|
||||
<year>2003</year>
|
||||
<year>2004</year>
|
||||
<holder role="mailto:[email protected]">The &os; Documentation Project</holder>
|
||||
</copyright>
|
||||
|
||||
<legalnotice id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
|
||||
&tm-attrib.freebsd;
|
||||
&tm-attrib.intel;
|
||||
&tm-attrib.opengroup;
|
||||
&tm-attrib.sparc;
|
||||
&tm-attrib.general;
|
||||
</legalnotice>
|
||||
</articleinfo>
|
||||
|
||||
<abstract>
|
||||
<para>这份文档对 &os;
|
||||
&release.current; 作了一个简短的介绍, 还包括如何获取
|
||||
&os;、&os;
|
||||
项目联系的多种方式, 以及一些其他的信息来源。</para>
|
||||
</abstract>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="intro">
|
||||
<title>介绍</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这个发行版本是 &os; &release.current; 的一个 &release.type;,
|
||||
它是 &release.branch; 分支的最新版本。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>关于 &os;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; 是一个基于 4.4 BSD Lite 的操作系统,支持
|
||||
DEC/Compaq/HP Alpha/AXP 计算机 (alpha),
|
||||
基于 AMD64 和 Intel EM64T 的 PC 硬件 (amd64),
|
||||
基于 Intel, AMD, Cyrix 或 NexGen <quote>x86</quote> 的 PC 硬件 (i386),
|
||||
基于 Intel Itanium Processor 的计算机 (ia64),
|
||||
NEC PC-9801/9821 系列 PC 及其兼容机 (pc98),
|
||||
以及 &ultrasparc; 机器 (sparc64)。
|
||||
支持 &powerpc; (powerpc), and &mips; (mips)
|
||||
硬件架构的的版本也正在开发中。
|
||||
&os; 支持各种各样的外围设备,
|
||||
可以胜任软件开发、游戏,以及提供 Internet
|
||||
服务等的各式应用。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>这个版本的 &os; 包含了运行这样一个系统所需要的每样东西,
|
||||
在基本的发行中包含了完整的内核和所有的工具源代码。
|
||||
只要安装了源代码, 您就可以用一条命令从头编译整个系统,
|
||||
这对于那些想知道它是如何工作的学生、
|
||||
研究人员或者用户来说非常有用。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>包含大量已经移植的第三方软件集合 (<quote>Ports
|
||||
Collection</quote>) 让在 &os; 上获取并安装所有您喜欢的传统 &unix;
|
||||
工具变得容易。 每个 <quote>port</quote>
|
||||
是一些用一条命令就可以下载、配置、编译并安装软件的脚本。
|
||||
超过 &os.numports; 个
|
||||
port,从编辑器到编程语言再到图形应用程序, 让
|
||||
&os; 成为一个大大扩展了很多商业 &unix;
|
||||
版本所能提供的强大并且通用的操作环境。 大多数 port 也提供了预编译的
|
||||
<quote>package</quote>, 可以用安装程序快速安装。</para>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>目标用户</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<![ %release.type.snapshot; [
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&release.type; 主要目标是有冒险精神的,
|
||||
以及想参与正在进行的 &os; 开发的用户。
|
||||
尽管 &os; 开发团队尽最大努力来确保每一个
|
||||
&release.type; 能够像所宣传的那样运行,
|
||||
&release.branch; 仍然处于开发过程中。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>使用这个 &release.type; 的基本要求是精通
|
||||
&os; 并且理解正在进行的 &os; &release.branch;
|
||||
开发进程 (在 &a.current; 中讨论)。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>对于那些对在商业中使用 &os; 而不是体验新的 &os;
|
||||
技术感兴趣的人来说,正式的发行版
|
||||
(比如 &release.prev.stable;) 往往更合适。
|
||||
这些版本经历了一定时期的测试和质量保证检测来确保高可用性和可靠性。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
]]>
|
||||
|
||||
<![ %release.type.release; [
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; 的这个 &release.type; 适用于所有用户。
|
||||
它经历了一定时期的测试和质量检测来确保最高的可用性和可靠性。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
]]>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="obtain">
|
||||
<title>获取 &os;</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; 可以通过各种方式得到。
|
||||
这一节关注那些可以获取完整的 &os; 发行版本的主要方式,
|
||||
而不是升级已经装好的系统。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>CDROM 和 DVD</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; -RELEASE 发行版本可以从几个发行商那里以 CDROM 或者 DVD
|
||||
的形式订购。 对于全新安装来说, 这通常是获取 &os; 最方便的方式,
|
||||
因为它提供了在必要时快速地重新安装系统的方法。
|
||||
一些发行版本包含了一些来自 &os; Ports Collection 的可选的、
|
||||
预编译的 <quote>package</quote>。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>一个已知的 CDROM 和 DVD
|
||||
发行商列表列在使用手册的 <ulink
|
||||
url="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
|
||||
&os;</quote></ulink> 中。</para>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>FTP</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>您可以使用 FTP 来从 <ulink
|
||||
url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/"></ulink> 下载 &os;
|
||||
以及所有的可选软件包,这是官方的 &os; 发行站点,或者从任何一个
|
||||
<quote>镜像</quote> 下载。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; 的镜像列表可以在使用手册的
|
||||
<ulink
|
||||
url="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors-ftp.html">FTP
|
||||
站点</ulink>一节, 或者在 <ulink
|
||||
url="http://mirrorlist.FreeBSD.org/"></ulink> 网页上找到。
|
||||
强烈推荐您从其中离您最近 (以网络的观点)
|
||||
的镜像来下载发行版本。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>我们非常欢迎您建立新的镜像站点。 联系
|
||||
<email>[email protected]</email> 了解成为官方镜像站点的更多细节。
|
||||
也可以在<ulink
|
||||
URL="&url.articles.hubs;/">如何为 &os; 做镜像站点</ulink>
|
||||
这篇文章中找到关于镜像站点的更多有用的信息。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>镜像通常包含启动安装程序所必需的软盘镜像,
|
||||
以及安装进程本身所需要的发行版本文件。
|
||||
许多镜像也包含创建 &os; 发行 CDROM 的必要的 ISO 镜像。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="contacting">
|
||||
<title>联系 &os; 项目</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>电子邮件和邮件列表</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>有任何问题或者基本的技术支持,请发送邮件到
|
||||
&a.questions;。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>如果您正在跟随 &release.branch; 的开发过程, 您
|
||||
<emphasis>必须</emphasis> 加入 &a.current;,
|
||||
以便及时了解可能影响您使用和维护系统方式的最新进展。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; 很大程度上是一个志愿者项目,
|
||||
它非常欢迎来自更多人的帮助 ——
|
||||
来完成那些希望完成而没有时间加以完成的改进。
|
||||
要联系开发者讨论技术问题, 或提供帮助,
|
||||
请发送邮件到 &a.hackers;。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>请注意这些邮件列表都可能有
|
||||
<emphasis>可观的</emphasis> 通信量。
|
||||
如果您访问邮件很慢或很昂贵, 或者您只对及时了解主要的
|
||||
&os; 活动感兴趣, 订阅
|
||||
&a.announce; 可能更合适。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>所有的邮件列表都可以如人们希望的那样自由加入。
|
||||
请访问 <ulink url="&url.base;/mailman/listinfo">
|
||||
FreeBSD Mailman 信息页</ulink>。这里会提供有关加入各种列表、
|
||||
访问存档等等的更多信息。
|
||||
还有很多针对特定的兴趣群体的邮件列表在这里没有提及,
|
||||
可以从 Mailman 页面或者 &os; Web 站点的 <ulink
|
||||
url="&url.base;/support.html#mailing-list">邮件列表</ulink>
|
||||
一节获得更多信息。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<important>
|
||||
<para><emphasis>不要</emphasis> 发送邮件到列表要求订阅。
|
||||
请使用 Mailman 界面来完成订阅。</para>
|
||||
</important>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>提交问题报告</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>建议,bug 报告和代码捐献永远是有价值的
|
||||
—请不要犹豫是否报告您可能会发现的任何问题。
|
||||
当然附带了修正的 bug 报告会更受欢迎。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>从一台能够收发 Internet 邮件的主机提交 bug
|
||||
报告的首选方法是使用 &man.send-pr.1; 命令。
|
||||
用这种方式提交的<quote>问题报告</quote>(PR)会被归档并跟踪进度,
|
||||
&os; 开发者会尽最大努力尽快地对所有报告的 bug 做出反应。<ulink
|
||||
url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr-summary.cgi">
|
||||
所有尚未完全解决的 PR 列表</ulink>可以在 &os; Web 站点上找到,
|
||||
这个列表可以用于查看其它用户可能遭遇的问题。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>注意 &man.send-pr.1; 本身是一个 shell 脚本,
|
||||
因此很容易把它移植到非 &os; 系统上。
|
||||
极力推荐使用这个界面。 如果因为一些原因不能使用
|
||||
&man.send-pr.1; 来提交 bug 报告,您可以尝试把它发送到
|
||||
&a.bugs;。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>要了解更多的信息,&os; Web 站点上的<ulink
|
||||
url="&url.articles.problem-reports;/"><quote>
|
||||
撰写 FreeBSD 问题报告</quote></ulink>对撰写并提交有效的错误报告有很多有用的提示。</para>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="seealso">
|
||||
<title>进一步阅读</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>有很多关于 &os; 的信息资源,一些包含在发行版中,
|
||||
另一些则以在线或印刷版本的方式提供。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2 id="release-docs">
|
||||
<title>发行文档</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>许多其它的文档提供了有关这个 &release.type;
|
||||
发行版本的更加详细的信息。这些文件提供了各种各样的格式。
|
||||
大多数发行版本会包含
|
||||
ASCII 文本 (<filename>.TXT</filename>) 和 HTML
|
||||
(<filename>.HTM</filename>) 格式。有一些发行版本也可能包含其它的格式,
|
||||
比如 PostScript(<filename>.PS</filename>)或者可移植文档格式
|
||||
(<filename>.PDF</filename>)。
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><filename>README.TXT</filename>:这个文件提供了有关
|
||||
&os; 的一些简要的信息,
|
||||
还有一些有关获取发行版本的粗略的注解。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><filename>EARLY.TXT</filename>: 为从
|
||||
&os; 4.<replaceable>X</replaceable> 迁移到
|
||||
&os; 5.<replaceable>X</replaceable>
|
||||
系列发行版的新用户准备的指南。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><filename>RELNOTES.TXT</filename>:发行说明,
|
||||
展示了与前一版本 (&os; &release.prev;) 相比在
|
||||
&os; &release.current; 中的创新和区别。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><filename>HARDWARE.TXT</filename>:硬件兼容列表,
|
||||
展示了 &os; 已经测试并已知可以使用的设备。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><filename>INSTALL.TXT</filename>:用于从发行介质安装
|
||||
&os; 的安装说明。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
|
||||
<listitem>
|
||||
<para><filename>ERRATA.TXT</filename>:发行勘误。
|
||||
提供新近发现的、 发行之后发现的问题等信息,
|
||||
主要适用于发行版本(相对于 snapshot)。
|
||||
在安装 &os; 的一个 release 之前参考这个文件是非常重要的,
|
||||
因为它包含了自从 release
|
||||
创建以来发现并修正问题的最新的信息。</para>
|
||||
</listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>这几个文档(特别是,
|
||||
<filename>RELNOTES.TXT</filename>、
|
||||
<filename>HARDWARE.TXT</filename> 和
|
||||
<filename>INSTALL.TXT</filename>) 包含了对特定硬件体系的信息。
|
||||
比如,alpha 发行说明会包含了不适用于 &i386; 的信息,
|
||||
反之亦然。 每篇文档适用的体系结构会在文档的标题处列出。</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
|
||||
</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>在支持 &man.sysinstall.8; 的平台上 (目前有
|
||||
alpha、&i386;、ia64、pc98 还有 &sparc64;),
|
||||
这些文档在安装时都可以通过 Documentation 菜单访问。
|
||||
一旦系统已经安装,您可以通过重新运行
|
||||
&man.sysinstall.8; 工具来重新访问菜单。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<note>
|
||||
<para>在安装您拿到的任何发行版之前阅读勘误是非常重要的,
|
||||
它能帮助您了解那些在发布工程
|
||||
<quote>后期发现的</quote> 以及发布之后发现的问题。
|
||||
随每个发行自带的勘误文件总是不够精确的,
|
||||
但是其它的副本会通过 Internet 保持更新并作为
|
||||
这个发行的 <quote>最新勘误</quote> 参考。
|
||||
这些其它的勘误副本放在
|
||||
<ulink url="&url.base;/releases/"></ulink>
|
||||
(还有保持更新的任何镜像站点的同一位置)。</para>
|
||||
</note>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>联机手册</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>像所有的类 &unix; 操作系统一样,&os; 附带一套在线联机手册,
|
||||
可以通过 &man.man.1; 命令或者通过 &os; Web 站点上的<ulink
|
||||
url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi">超文本联机手册网关
|
||||
</ulink>访问。 一般情况下,联机手册为 &os;
|
||||
用户提供不同命令和 API 的信息。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>有时,联机手册还提供特定主题的信息。
|
||||
一个不太恰当的例子就是 &man.tuning.7; (性能调整向导)、
|
||||
&man.security.7; (&os; 一个关于安全的介绍) 还有
|
||||
&man.style.9; (内核代码规范指南)。</para>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect2>
|
||||
<title>书籍和文章</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>两个由 &os; 项目维护的非常有用的 &os; 相关的信息集合,
|
||||
是 &os; 使用手册和 &os; FAQ (频繁被问到的问题)。 <ulink
|
||||
url="&url.books.handbook;/">使用手册</ulink>
|
||||
和 <ulink
|
||||
url="http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/faq/">FAQ</ulink>
|
||||
的在线版本可以从 <ulink
|
||||
url="&url.books.faq;/">FreeBSD
|
||||
文档页面</ulink> 或者它的镜像上得到。 如果安装了
|
||||
<filename>doc</filename> 发行集, 则可以在本地使用 Web
|
||||
浏览器来阅读使用手册和 FAQ。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>许多在线书籍和文章也由 &os; 项目维护, 涵盖了更专业的、&os;
|
||||
相关的主题。 这些文章题材广泛,从邮件列表的有效使用到双重启动
|
||||
&os; 和其它操作系统,再到给新 committer 的指南。
|
||||
同使用手册和 FAQ 一样,这些文档可以从 &os;
|
||||
文档页面或者 <filename>doc</filename>
|
||||
分类中得到。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>有关 &os; 的其它书籍和文档的列表可以在 &os; 使用手册的<ulink
|
||||
url="&url.books.handbook;/bibliography.html">参考书目</ulink>
|
||||
一章找到。由于 &os; 固有的 &unix; 传统,
|
||||
许多为 &unix; 系统撰写的文章和书籍也是适用的,
|
||||
其中一些也被列在参考书目中。</para>
|
||||
</sect2>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
|
||||
<sect1 id="acknowledgements">
|
||||
<title>感谢</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>&os; 有全世界的成百上千的人工作无数个小时才带来这个
|
||||
&release.type;。要查看 &os; 开发者和捐献者的完整列表,请查看
|
||||
&os; Web 站点或者任何一个镜像站点上的 <ulink
|
||||
url="&url.articles.contributors;/"><quote>&os;
|
||||
捐献者</quote></ulink>。</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>在此也要特别感谢众多的 &os; 用户和全世界的测试人员,
|
||||
没有他们就根本不会有这个 &release.type;。</para>
|
||||
</sect1>
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
|
||||
<!--
|
||||
Local Variables:
|
||||
mode: sgml
|
||||
sgml-indent-data: t
|
||||
sgml-omittag: nil
|
||||
sgml-always-quote-attributes: t
|
||||
End:
|
||||
-->
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
|
||||
# The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.6
|
||||
#
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../..
|
||||
|
||||
SUBDIR = alpha
|
||||
SUBDIR+= amd64
|
||||
SUBDIR+= ia64
|
||||
SUBDIR+= i386
|
||||
SUBDIR+= pc98
|
||||
SUBDIR+= sparc64
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
|
||||
# The FreeBSD Simplified Chinese Project
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.2
|
||||
#
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
.ifdef NO_LANGCODE_IN_DESTDIR
|
||||
DESTDIR?= ${DOCDIR}/relnotes/${.CURDIR:T}
|
||||
.else
|
||||
DESTDIR?= ${DOCDIR}/zh_CN.GB2312/relnotes/${.CURDIR:T}
|
||||
.endif
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.6
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
DOC?= article
|
||||
FORMATS?= html
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz
|
||||
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
|
||||
|
||||
JADEFLAGS+= -V %generate-article-toc%
|
||||
|
||||
# SGML content
|
||||
SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/relnotes.ent
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/new.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
||||
<!-- Original Revision: 1.6 -->
|
||||
<!-- $FreeBSD$ -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/relnotes.ent">
|
||||
%sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch "alpha">
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch.print "Alpha/AXP">
|
||||
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<article>
|
||||
&art;
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.1
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
DOC?= article
|
||||
FORMATS?= html
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz
|
||||
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
|
||||
|
||||
JADEFLAGS+= -V %generate-article-toc%
|
||||
|
||||
# SGML content
|
||||
SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/relnotes.ent
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/new.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
||||
<!-- Original Revision: 1.3 -->
|
||||
<!-- $FreeBSD$ -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/relnotes.ent">
|
||||
%sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch "amd64">
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch.print "AMD64">
|
||||
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<article>
|
||||
&art;
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
File diff suppressed because it is too large.
Load diff
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
|
||||
<!-- -*- sgml -*- -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Original Revision: 1.3 -->
|
||||
<!-- $FreeBSD$ -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Text constants which probably don't need to be changed.-->
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- The marker for MFCs. -->
|
||||
<!ENTITY merged "[ÒѺϲ¢]">
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY % include.historic "IGNORE">
|
||||
<!ENTITY % no.include.historic "IGNORE">
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Files to be included -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY art SYSTEM "../common/new.sgml">
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.7
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
DOC?= article
|
||||
FORMATS?= html
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz
|
||||
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
|
||||
|
||||
JADEFLAGS+= -V %generate-article-toc%
|
||||
|
||||
# SGML content
|
||||
SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/relnotes.ent
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/new.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
URL_RELPREFIX?= ../../../..
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
||||
<!-- Original Revision: 1.7 -->
|
||||
<!-- $FreeBSD$ -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/relnotes.ent">
|
||||
%sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch "i386">
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch.print "i386">
|
||||
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<article>
|
||||
&art;
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.1
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
DOC?= article
|
||||
FORMATS?= html
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz
|
||||
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
|
||||
|
||||
JADEFLAGS+= -V %generate-article-toc%
|
||||
|
||||
# SGML content
|
||||
SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/relnotes.ent
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/new.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
||||
<!-- Original Revision: 1.4 -->
|
||||
<!-- $FreeBSD$ -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/relnotes.ent">
|
||||
%sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch "ia64">
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch.print "IA-64">
|
||||
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<article>
|
||||
&art;
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
|
||||
# Original Revision: 1.1
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
DOC?= article
|
||||
FORMATS?= html
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz
|
||||
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
|
||||
|
||||
JADEFLAGS+= -V %generate-article-toc%
|
||||
|
||||
# SGML content
|
||||
SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/relnotes.ent
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/new.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
|
||||
<!-- Original Revision: 1.4 -->
|
||||
<!-- $FreeBSD$ -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY % articles.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook FreeBSD Articles Entity Set//EN">
|
||||
%articles.ent;
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/relnotes.ent">
|
||||
%sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch "pc98">
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch.print "NEC PC-98x1">
|
||||
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<article>
|
||||
&art;
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
RELN_ROOT?= ${.CURDIR}/../../..
|
||||
|
||||
DOC?= article
|
||||
FORMATS?= html
|
||||
INSTALL_COMPRESSED?= gz
|
||||
INSTALL_ONLY_COMPRESSED?=
|
||||
|
||||
JADEFLAGS+= -V %generate-article-toc%
|
||||
|
||||
# SGML content
|
||||
SRCS+= article.sgml
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/relnotes.ent
|
||||
SRCS+= ../common/new.sgml
|
||||
|
||||
.include "${RELN_ROOT}/share/mk/doc.relnotes.mk"
|
||||
.include "${DOC_PREFIX}/share/mk/doc.project.mk"
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
|
||||
<!-- $FreeBSD$ -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.url "ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/development/sparc64/">
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY % man PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Manual Page Entities//EN">
|
||||
%man;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % authors PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Author Entities//EN">
|
||||
%authors;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % mlists PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Mailing List Entities//EN">
|
||||
%mlists;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % trademarks PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook Trademark Entities//EN">
|
||||
%trademarks;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN">
|
||||
%release;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % urls.ent PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES DocBook URL Entities//EN">
|
||||
%urls.ent;
|
||||
<!ENTITY % sections SYSTEM "../common/relnotes.ent"> %sections;
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- Architecture-specific customization -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch "sparc64">
|
||||
<!ENTITY arch.print "UltraSPARC">
|
||||
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<article>
|
||||
&art;
|
||||
</article>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
|
||||
-- FreeBSD SGML Public Identifiers --
|
||||
-- Language-specific --
|
||||
|
||||
-- Original Revision: 1.1 --
|
||||
-- $FreeBSD$ --
|
||||
|
||||
PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DOCUMENT Release Notes DocBook Stylesheet//EN"
|
||||
"release.dsl"
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
|
||||
<!-- Original Revision: 1.8.2.1 -->
|
||||
<!-- $FreeBSD$ -->
|
||||
|
||||
<!DOCTYPE style-sheet PUBLIC "-//James Clark//DTD DSSSL Style Sheet//EN" [
|
||||
<!ENTITY release.dsl PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DOCUMENT Release Notes DocBook Language Neutral Stylesheet//EN" CDATA DSSSL>
|
||||
<!ENTITY % output.html "IGNORE">
|
||||
<!ENTITY % output.print "IGNORE">
|
||||
]>
|
||||
|
||||
<style-sheet>
|
||||
<style-specification use="docbook">
|
||||
<style-specification-body>
|
||||
|
||||
<![ %output.html; [
|
||||
<!-- Generate links to HTML man pages -->
|
||||
(define %refentry-xref-link% #t)
|
||||
|
||||
(define ($email-footer$)
|
||||
(make sequence
|
||||
(make element gi: "p"
|
||||
attributes: (list (list "align" "center"))
|
||||
(make element gi: "small"
|
||||
(literal "这份文档,以及其他与FreeBSD发行版本有关的文档,都可以在 ")
|
||||
(create-link (list (list "HREF" (entity-text "release.url")))
|
||||
(literal (entity-text "release.url")))
|
||||
(literal "下载。")))
|
||||
(make element gi: "p"
|
||||
attributes: (list (list "align" "center"))
|
||||
(make element gi: "small"
|
||||
(literal "在遇到关于FreeBSD的技术问题时,请首先阅读 ")
|
||||
(create-link
|
||||
(list (list "HREF" "http://www.FreeBSD.org/docs.html"))
|
||||
(literal "文档"))
|
||||
(literal " 之后再考虑联系 <")
|
||||
(create-link
|
||||
(list (list "HREF" "mailto:[email protected]"))
|
||||
(literal "[email protected]"))
|
||||
(literal ">。")))
|
||||
(make element gi: "p"
|
||||
attributes: (list (list "align" "center"))
|
||||
(make element gi: "small"
|
||||
(literal "所有 FreeBSD ")
|
||||
(literal (entity-text "release.branch"))
|
||||
(literal " 的用户都应该订阅 ")
|
||||
(literal "<")
|
||||
(create-link (list (list "HREF" "mailto:[email protected]"))
|
||||
(literal "[email protected]"))
|
||||
(literal "> 邮件列表。")))
|
||||
|
||||
(make element gi: "p"
|
||||
attributes: (list (list "align" "center"))
|
||||
(make element gi: "small"
|
||||
(literal "关于这份文档的任何问题,请致信 <")
|
||||
(create-link (list (list "HREF" "mailto:[email protected]"))
|
||||
(literal "[email protected]"))
|
||||
(literal ">。")))))
|
||||
]]>
|
||||
|
||||
</style-specification-body>
|
||||
</style-specification>
|
||||
|
||||
<external-specification id="docbook" document="release.dsl">
|
||||
</style-sheet>
|
||||
@@ -67,96 +67,109 @@ extract-names()
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Start of set for CDROM #1
|
||||
# This is the set required by sysinstall.
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1=""
|
||||
if [ "X${PKG_ARCH}" = "Xalpha" ]; then
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} emulators/osf1_base"
|
||||
elif [ "X${PKG_ARCH}" = "Xi386" ]; then
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} emulators/linux_base"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
if [ "X${PKG_ARCH}" = "Xamd64" -o "X${PKG_ARCH}" = "Xsparc64" -o "X${PKG_ARCH}" = "Xia64" ]; then
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} devel/gdb6"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} lang/perl5.8"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} mail/exim"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} mail/postfix"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} net/pcnfsd"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-fonts/xorg-fonts-100dpi"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-fonts/xorg-fonts-75dpi"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-fonts/xorg-fonts-cyrillic"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-fonts/xorg-fonts-encodings"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-fonts/xorg-fonts-miscbitmaps"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-fonts/xorg-fonts-truetype"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-fonts/xorg-fonts-type1"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-servers/xorg-fontserver"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-servers/xorg-nestserver"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-servers/xorg-printserver"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-servers/xorg-server"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-servers/xorg-vfbserver"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-wm/afterstep"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-wm/enlightenment"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-wm/fvwm2"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-wm/sawfish2"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-wm/windowmaker"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/xorg"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/xorg-clients"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/xorg-documents"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/xorg-libraries"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/xorg-manpages"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/gnome2"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/kde-lite"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} www/links"
|
||||
if [ "X${PKG_ARCH}" = "Xia64" ]; then
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} archivers/unzip"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} devel/gmake"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} lang/perl5.8"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} security/sudo"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} shells/bash2"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} shells/pdksh"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} shells/zsh"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/gnome2-lite"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/kde-lite"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/xorg"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/xorg-manpages"
|
||||
else
|
||||
# This is the set required by sysinstall.
|
||||
if [ "X${PKG_ARCH}" = "Xalpha" ]; then
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} emulators/osf1_base"
|
||||
elif [ "X${PKG_ARCH}" = "Xi386" ]; then
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} emulators/linux_base"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} lang/perl5.8"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} mail/exim"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} mail/postfix"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} net/pcnfsd"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-fonts/xorg-fonts-100dpi"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-fonts/xorg-fonts-75dpi"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-fonts/xorg-fonts-cyrillic"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-fonts/xorg-fonts-encodings"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-fonts/xorg-fonts-miscbitmaps"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-fonts/xorg-fonts-truetype"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-fonts/xorg-fonts-type1"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-servers/xorg-fontserver"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-servers/xorg-nestserver"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-servers/xorg-printserver"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-servers/xorg-server"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-servers/xorg-vfbserver"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-wm/afterstep"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-wm/enlightenment"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-wm/fvwm2"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-wm/sawfish2"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11-wm/windowmaker"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/xorg"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/xorg-clients"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/xorg-documents"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/xorg-libraries"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/xorg-manpages"
|
||||
if [ "X${PKG_ARCH}" = "Xi386" ]; then
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/gnome2-lite"
|
||||
else
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/gnome2"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/kde-lite"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} www/links"
|
||||
|
||||
# This is the set of "people really want these" packages. Please add to
|
||||
# this list.
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} astro/xearth"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} editors/emacs"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} editors/vim"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} editors/vim-lite"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} emulators/mtools"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} graphics/xv"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} irc/xchat2"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} mail/fetchmail"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} mail/mutt"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} mail/pine4"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} mail/popd"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} mail/xfmail"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} misc/bsdiff"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} net/cvsup"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} net/rsync"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} net/samba"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} news/slrn"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} news/tin"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} print/a2ps-letter"
|
||||
if [ "X${PKG_ARCH}" = "Xi386" ]; then
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} print/acroread5"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} print/apsfilter"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} print/ghostscript-gnu-nox11"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} print/gv"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} print/psutils-letter"
|
||||
if [ ! "X{PKG_ARCH}" = "Xia64" ]; then
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} security/freebsd-update"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} security/sudo"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} shells/bash2"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} shells/pdksh"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} shells/zsh"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} sysutils/portupgrade"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} www/lynx"
|
||||
if [ "X${PKG_ARCH}" = "Xi386" ]; then
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} www/opera"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/rxvt"
|
||||
# This is the set of "people really want these" packages. Please
|
||||
# add to this list.
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} astro/xearth"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} editors/emacs"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} editors/vim"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} editors/vim-lite"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} emulators/mtools"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} graphics/xv"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} irc/xchat2"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} mail/fetchmail"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} mail/mutt"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} mail/pine4"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} mail/popd"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} mail/xfmail"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} misc/bsdiff"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} net/cvsup"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} net/rsync"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} net/samba"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} news/slrn"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} news/tin"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} print/a2ps-letter"
|
||||
if [ "X${PKG_ARCH}" = "Xi386" ]; then
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} print/acroread5"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} comms/ltmdm"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} print/apsfilter"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} print/ghostscript-gnu-nox11"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} print/gv"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} print/psutils-letter"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} security/freebsd-update"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} security/sudo"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} shells/bash2"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} shells/pdksh"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} shells/zsh"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} sysutils/portupgrade"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} www/lynx"
|
||||
if [ "X${PKG_ARCH}" = "Xi386" ]; then
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} www/opera"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} x11/rxvt"
|
||||
|
||||
# VERY common build dependencies
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} archivers/unzip"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} devel/gmake"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} graphics/png"
|
||||
if [ "X${PKG_ARCH}" = "Xi386" -o "X${PKG_ARCH}" = "Xalpha" ]; then
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} misc/compat4x"
|
||||
# VERY common build dependencies
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} archivers/unzip"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} devel/gmake"
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} graphics/png"
|
||||
if [ "X${PKG_ARCH}" = "Xi386" -o "X${PKG_ARCH}" = "Xalpha" ]; then
|
||||
CDROM_SET_1="${CDROM_SET_1} misc/compat4x"
|
||||
fi
|
||||
fi
|
||||
|
||||
## End of set for CDROM #1
|
||||
|
||||
## Start of set for CDROM #2
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -68,9 +68,9 @@
|
||||
*default host=CHANGE_THIS.FreeBSD.org
|
||||
*default base=/var/db
|
||||
*default prefix=/usr
|
||||
# The following line is for 4-stable. If you want 3-stable or 2.2-stable,
|
||||
# change "RELENG_4" to "RELENG_3" or "RELENG_2_2" respectively.
|
||||
*default release=cvs tag=RELENG_4
|
||||
# The following line is for 5-stable. If you want 4-stable, 3-stable, or
|
||||
# 2.2-stable, change to "RELENG_4", "RELENG_3", or "RELENG_2_2" respectively.
|
||||
*default release=cvs tag=RELENG_5
|
||||
*default delete use-rel-suffix
|
||||
|
||||
# If you seem to be limited by CPU rather than network or disk bandwidth, try
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
|
||||
*default host=CHANGE_THIS.FreeBSD.org
|
||||
*default base=/var/db
|
||||
*default prefix=/usr
|
||||
*default release=cvs tag=RELENG_5
|
||||
*default release=cvs tag=RELENG_5_3
|
||||
*default delete use-rel-suffix
|
||||
|
||||
# If you seem to be limited by CPU rather than network or disk bandwidth, try
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
|
||||
# $FreeBSD$
|
||||
|
||||
MAN= auxio.4
|
||||
|
||||
MANSUBDIR=/sparc64
|
||||
|
||||
.include <bsd.prog.mk>
|
||||
@@ -1,247 +0,0 @@
|
||||
.\" Copyright (c) 2004 Gleb Smirnoff <[email protected]>
|
||||
.\" All rights reserved.
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
||||
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
||||
.\" are met:
|
||||
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
||||
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
||||
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
||||
.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
||||
.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
|
||||
.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
||||
.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
|
||||
.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
|
||||
.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
|
||||
.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
|
||||
.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
|
||||
.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
|
||||
.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
|
||||
.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
||||
.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.\" $FreeBSD$
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.Dd September 17, 2004
|
||||
.Os
|
||||
.Dt NG_NETFLOW 4
|
||||
.Sh NAME
|
||||
.Nm ng_netflow
|
||||
.Nd Cisco's NetFlow implementation
|
||||
.Sh DESCRIPTION
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
node implements Cisco's NetFlow export protocol on a router running
|
||||
.Fx .
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
node listens for incoming traffic and identifies unique flows in it.
|
||||
Flows are distinguished by endpoint IP addresses, TCP/UDP port numbers,
|
||||
ToS and input interface.
|
||||
Expired flows are exported out of the node in NetFlow version 5 UDP datagrams.
|
||||
Expiration reason can be one of the following:
|
||||
.Bl -dash
|
||||
.It
|
||||
RST or FIN TCP segment.
|
||||
.It
|
||||
Active timeout.
|
||||
Flows cannot live more than the specified period of time.
|
||||
.It
|
||||
Inactive timeout.
|
||||
A flow was inactive for the specified period of time.
|
||||
.El
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
Export information is stored in NetFlow version 5 datagrams.
|
||||
.Sh HOOKS
|
||||
This node type supports up to
|
||||
.Dv NG_NETFLOW_MAXIFACES
|
||||
hooks named
|
||||
.Va iface0 , iface1 ,
|
||||
etc.,
|
||||
plus a single hook named
|
||||
.Va export .
|
||||
The node reads data on
|
||||
.Va iface*
|
||||
hooks, and sends export datagrams to the
|
||||
.Va export
|
||||
hook.
|
||||
In normal operation, the
|
||||
.Va export
|
||||
hook is connected to the
|
||||
.Va inet/dgram/udp
|
||||
hook of the
|
||||
.Xr ng_ksocket 4
|
||||
node.
|
||||
.Sh CONTROL MESSAGES
|
||||
This node type supports the generic control messages, plus the following:
|
||||
.Bl -tag -width indent
|
||||
.It Dv NGM_NETFLOW_INFO
|
||||
Returns some node statistics and the current timeout values in a
|
||||
.Vt "struct ng_netflow_info" .
|
||||
.It Dv NGM_NETFLOW_IFINFO
|
||||
Returns information about the
|
||||
.Va iface Ns Ar N
|
||||
hook.
|
||||
The hook number is passed as an argument.
|
||||
.It Dv NGM_NETFLOW_SETDLT
|
||||
Sets data link type on the
|
||||
.Va iface Ns Ar N
|
||||
hook.
|
||||
Currently, supported types are raw IP datagrams and Ethernet.
|
||||
This messsage type uses
|
||||
.Vt "struct ng_netflow_setdlt"
|
||||
as an argument:
|
||||
.Bd -literal -offset 4n
|
||||
struct ng_netflow_setdlt {
|
||||
uint16_t iface; /* which iface to operate on */
|
||||
uint8_t dlt; /* DLT_XXX from bpf.h */
|
||||
};
|
||||
.Ed
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The requested
|
||||
.Va iface Ns Ar N
|
||||
hook must already be connected, otherwise message send operation will
|
||||
return an error.
|
||||
.It Dv NGM_NETFLOW_SETIFINDEX
|
||||
In some cases,
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
may be unable to determine the input interface index of a packet.
|
||||
This can happen if traffic enters the
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
node before it comes to the system interface's input queue.
|
||||
An example of such a setup is capturing a traffic
|
||||
.Em between
|
||||
synchronous data line and
|
||||
.Xr ng_iface 4 .
|
||||
In this case, the input index should be associated with a given hook.
|
||||
The interface's index can be determined via
|
||||
.Xr if_nametoindex 3
|
||||
from userland.
|
||||
This message requires
|
||||
.Vt "struct ng_netflow_setifindex"
|
||||
as an argument:
|
||||
.Bd -literal -offset 4n
|
||||
struct ng_netflow_setifindex {
|
||||
u_int16_t iface; /* which iface to operate on */
|
||||
u_int16_t index; /* new index */
|
||||
};
|
||||
.Ed
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
The requested
|
||||
.Va iface Ns Ar N
|
||||
hook must already be connected, otherwise the message
|
||||
send operation will return an error.
|
||||
.It Dv NGM_NETFLOW_SETTIMEOUTS
|
||||
Sets values in seconds for NetFlow active/inactive timeouts.
|
||||
This message requires
|
||||
.Vt "struct ng_netflow_settimeouts"
|
||||
as an argument:
|
||||
.Bd -literal -offset 4n
|
||||
struct ng_netflow_settimeouts {
|
||||
uint32_t inactive_timeout;
|
||||
uint32_t active_timeout;
|
||||
};
|
||||
.Ed
|
||||
.It Dv NGM_NETFLOW_SHOW
|
||||
This control message asks a node to dump the entire contents of the flow cache.
|
||||
It is called from
|
||||
.Xr flowctl 8 ,
|
||||
not directly from
|
||||
.Xr ngctl 8 .
|
||||
.El
|
||||
.Sh ASCII CONTROL MESSAGES
|
||||
Most binary control messages have an
|
||||
.Tn ASCII
|
||||
equivalent.
|
||||
The supported
|
||||
.Tn ASCII
|
||||
commands are:
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
.Bl -tag -width ".Dv NGM_NETFLOW_SETTIMEOUTS" -compact
|
||||
.It Dv NGM_NETFLOW_INFO
|
||||
.Qq Li info
|
||||
.It Dv NGM_NETFLOW_IFINFO
|
||||
.Qq Li ifinfo
|
||||
.It Dv NGM_NETFLOW_SETDLT
|
||||
.Qq Li "setdlt { iface = %u dlt = %u }"
|
||||
.It Dv NGM_NETFLOW_SETIFINDEX
|
||||
.Qq Li "setifindex { iface = %u index = %u }"
|
||||
.It Dv NGM_NETFLOW_SETTIMEOUTS
|
||||
.Qq Li "settimeouts { inactive = %u active = %u }"
|
||||
.El
|
||||
.Sh SHUTDOWN
|
||||
This node shuts down upon receipt of a
|
||||
.Dv NGM_SHUTDOWN
|
||||
control message, or when all hooks have been disconnected.
|
||||
.Sh EXAMPLES
|
||||
The simplest possible configuration is one Ethernet interface, where
|
||||
flow collecting is enabled.
|
||||
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
||||
/usr/sbin/ngctl -f- <<-SEQ
|
||||
mkpeer fxp0: tee lower right
|
||||
connect fxp0: fxp0:lower upper left
|
||||
mkpeer fxp0:lower netflow right2left iface0
|
||||
name fxp0:lower.right2left netflow
|
||||
mkpeer netflow: ksocket export inet/dgram/udp
|
||||
msg netflow:export connect inet/10.0.0.1:4444
|
||||
SEQ
|
||||
.Ed
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
This is a more complicated example of a router with 2 NetFlow-enabled
|
||||
interfaces
|
||||
.Li fxp0
|
||||
and
|
||||
.Li ng0 .
|
||||
Note that the
|
||||
.Va ng0:
|
||||
node in this example is connected to
|
||||
.Xr ng_tee 4 .
|
||||
.Bd -literal -offset indent
|
||||
/usr/sbin/ngctl -f- <<-SEQ
|
||||
# connect ng0's tee to iface0 hook
|
||||
mkpeer ng0:inet netflow right2left iface0
|
||||
name ng0:inet.right2left netflow
|
||||
# set DLT to raw mode
|
||||
msg netflow: setdlt { iface=0 dlt=12 }
|
||||
# set interface index (5 in this example)
|
||||
msg netflow: setifindex { iface=0 index=5 }
|
||||
|
||||
# Create tee on fxp0, and connect it to iface1 hook
|
||||
mkpeer fxp0: tee lower right
|
||||
connect fxp0: fxp0:lower upper left
|
||||
name fxp0:lower fxp0_tee
|
||||
connect fxp0_tee: netflow: right2left iface1
|
||||
|
||||
# Create ksocket node on export hook, and configure it
|
||||
# to send exports to proper destination
|
||||
mkpeer netflow: ksocket export inet/dgram/udp
|
||||
msg netflow:export connect inet/10.0.0.1:4444
|
||||
SEQ
|
||||
.Ed
|
||||
.Sh BUGS
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
node type does not fill in AS numbers.
|
||||
This is due to the lack of necessary information in the kernel routing table.
|
||||
However, this information can be injected into the kernel from a routing daemon
|
||||
such as GNU Zebra.
|
||||
This functionality may become available in future releases.
|
||||
.Sh SEE ALSO
|
||||
.Xr netgraph 4 ,
|
||||
.Xr ng_ksocket 4 ,
|
||||
.Xr ng_tee 4 ,
|
||||
.Xr ngctl 8
|
||||
.Pp
|
||||
.Pa http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/cc/pd/iosw/ioft/neflct/tech/napps_wp.htm
|
||||
.Sh AUTHORS
|
||||
.An -nosplit
|
||||
The
|
||||
.Nm
|
||||
node type was written by
|
||||
.An Gleb Smirnoff Aq [email protected] ,
|
||||
based on
|
||||
.Nm ng_ipacct
|
||||
written by
|
||||
.An Roman V. Palagin Aq [email protected] .
|
||||
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.\" $FreeBSD$
|
||||
.\"
|
||||
.Dd September 29, 2004
|
||||
.Dd October 28, 2004
|
||||
.Dt RC.CONF 5
|
||||
.Os
|
||||
.Sh NAME
|
||||
@@ -1093,6 +1093,19 @@ any .bde swap devices listed in
|
||||
.Pa /etc/fstab
|
||||
will be initialized with a random, one-shot key.
|
||||
Note that this makes recovery of kernel dumps impossible.
|
||||
.It Va root_rw_mount
|
||||
.Pq Vt bool
|
||||
Set to
|
||||
.Dq Li YES
|
||||
by default.
|
||||
After the file systems are checked at boot time, the root filesystem
|
||||
is remounted as read-write if this is set to
|
||||
.Dq Li YES .
|
||||
Diskless systems that mount their filesystem from a read-only remote
|
||||
NFS share should set this to
|
||||
.Dq Li NO
|
||||
in their
|
||||
.Pa rc.conf .
|
||||
.It Va fsck_y_enable
|
||||
.Pq Vt bool
|
||||
If set to
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | |
|
||||
| | | | \
|
||||
FreeBSD 5.0 | | | |
|
||||
| | | | |
|
||||
FreeBSD 5.1 | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current DragonFly 1.0
|
||||
FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0
|
||||
| \ | | | |
|
||||
| ----- Mac OS X | | |
|
||||
| 10.3 | | |
|
||||
@@ -180,7 +180,11 @@ FreeBSD 5.2 | | | |
|
||||
| | | | | |
|
||||
| FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | |
|
||||
| | | | |
|
||||
FreeBSD 5 -current | | | |
|
||||
*---FreeBSD 5.3 | | | |
|
||||
| | | | OpenBSD 3.6 |
|
||||
| v | | | |
|
||||
| | | | |
|
||||
FreeBSD 6 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current |
|
||||
| | | | |
|
||||
v v v v v
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -405,6 +409,8 @@ NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release)
|
||||
OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD]
|
||||
FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD]
|
||||
DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFD]
|
||||
OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD]
|
||||
FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-04 [FBD]
|
||||
|
||||
Bibliography
|
||||
------------------------
|
||||
@@ -420,6 +426,10 @@ McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John
|
||||
Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating
|
||||
System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4
|
||||
|
||||
McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and
|
||||
Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System.
|
||||
Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2
|
||||
|
||||
Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader.
|
||||
|
||||
Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix.
|
||||
|
||||
+74
-23
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
||||
# @(#)asia 7.72
|
||||
# @(#)asia 7.77
|
||||
|
||||
# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
|
||||
# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
|
||||
@@ -335,6 +335,16 @@ Link Asia/Nicosia Europe/Nicosia
|
||||
# Instead of putting back clocks at the end of October, Georgia
|
||||
# will stay on daylight savings time this winter to save energy,
|
||||
# President Eduard Shevardnadze decreed Wednesday.
|
||||
#
|
||||
# From the BBC via Joseph S. Myers (2004-06-27):
|
||||
#
|
||||
# Georgia moved closer to Western Europe on Sunday... The former Soviet
|
||||
# republic has changed its time zone back to that of Moscow. As a result it
|
||||
# is now just four hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, rather than five hours
|
||||
# ahead. The switch was decreed by the pro-Western president of Georgia,
|
||||
# Mikhail Saakashvili, who said the change was partly prompted by the process
|
||||
# of integration into Europe.
|
||||
|
||||
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
||||
Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880
|
||||
2:59:16 - TBMT 1924 May 2 # Tbilisi Mean Time
|
||||
@@ -345,7 +355,8 @@ Zone Asia/Tbilisi 2:59:16 - LMT 1880
|
||||
3:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1994 Sep lastSun
|
||||
4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 1996 Oct lastSun
|
||||
4:00 1:00 GEST 1997 Mar lastSun
|
||||
4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT
|
||||
4:00 E-EurAsia GE%sT 2004 Jun 27
|
||||
3:00 RussiaAsia GE%sT
|
||||
|
||||
# East Timor
|
||||
|
||||
@@ -380,7 +391,7 @@ Zone Asia/Dili 8:22:20 - LMT 1912
|
||||
|
||||
# India
|
||||
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
||||
Zone Asia/Calcutta 5:53:28 - LMT 1880
|
||||
Zone Asia/Calcutta 5:53:28 - LMT 1880 # Kolkata
|
||||
5:53:20 - HMT 1941 Oct # Howrah Mean Time?
|
||||
6:30 - BURT 1942 May 15 # Burma Time
|
||||
5:30 - IST 1942 Sep
|
||||
@@ -750,6 +761,26 @@ Zone Asia/Jerusalem 2:20:56 - LMT 1880
|
||||
# direction is expected until the latter part of 2004 which is a long
|
||||
# time off in terms of Israeli politics.
|
||||
|
||||
# (2004-09-20):
|
||||
# The latest rumour, however, is that in 2005, when the clock changes to
|
||||
# Daylight Saving Time (date as yet unknown), the move will be a two-hour leap
|
||||
# forward (from UTC+0200 to UTC+0400) and then, in the fall, the clock will
|
||||
# move back only an hour to UTC+0300 thus effectively moving Israel's timezone
|
||||
# from UTC+0200 to UTC+0300. However, no actual draft has been put before the
|
||||
# Knesset (Israel's Parliament) though the intention is to do so this
|
||||
# month [2004-09].
|
||||
|
||||
# (2004-09-26):
|
||||
# Even though the draft law for the above did pass the Ministerial Committee
|
||||
# for Legislative Matters three months ago, it was voted down in today's
|
||||
# Cabinet meeting. The current suggestion is to keep the current timezone at
|
||||
# UTC+0200 but have an extended period of Daylight Saving Time (UTC+0300) from
|
||||
# the beginning of Passover holiday in the spring to after the Tabernacle
|
||||
# holiday in the fall (i.e. the dates of which are governed by the Hebrew
|
||||
# calendar but this means at least 184 days of DST). However, this is only a
|
||||
# suggestion that was raised in today's cabinet meeting and has not yet been
|
||||
# drafted.
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
###############################################################################
|
||||
@@ -1011,22 +1042,29 @@ Zone Asia/Beirut 2:22:00 - LMT 1880
|
||||
Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Sep 14 0:00 0:20 TS # one-Third Summer
|
||||
Rule NBorneo 1935 1941 - Dec 14 0:00 0 -
|
||||
#
|
||||
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
||||
# peninsular Malaysia
|
||||
Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:48 - LMT 1880
|
||||
6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time
|
||||
7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time
|
||||
7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15
|
||||
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
|
||||
7:20 - MALT 1950
|
||||
7:30 - MALT 1982 May
|
||||
# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
|
||||
# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>.
|
||||
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
||||
Zone Asia/Kuala_Lumpur 6:46:46 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
|
||||
6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
|
||||
7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time
|
||||
7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1
|
||||
7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1
|
||||
7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16
|
||||
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
|
||||
7:30 - MALT 1982 Jan 1
|
||||
8:00 - MYT # Malaysia Time
|
||||
# Sabah & Sarawak
|
||||
# From Paul Eggert (2003-11-01):
|
||||
# The data here are mostly from Shanks, but the 1942, 1945 and 1982
|
||||
# transition dates are from Mok Ly Yng.
|
||||
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
||||
Zone Asia/Kuching 7:21:20 - LMT 1926 Mar
|
||||
7:30 - BORT 1933 # Borneo Time
|
||||
8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942
|
||||
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
|
||||
8:00 - BORT 1982 May
|
||||
8:00 NBorneo BOR%sT 1942 Feb 16
|
||||
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
|
||||
8:00 - BORT 1982 Jan 1
|
||||
8:00 - MYT
|
||||
|
||||
# Maldives
|
||||
@@ -1078,6 +1116,15 @@ Zone Indian/Maldives 4:54:00 - LMT 1880 # Male
|
||||
#
|
||||
# [The province of Selenge is omitted from the above lists.]
|
||||
|
||||
# From Ganbold Ts., Ulaanbaatar <[email protected]> (2004-04-17):
|
||||
# Daylight saving occurs at 02:00 local time last Saturday of March.
|
||||
# It will change back to normal at 02:00 local time last Saturday of
|
||||
# September.... As I remember this rule was changed in 2001.
|
||||
#
|
||||
# From Paul Eggert (2004-04-17):
|
||||
# For now, assume Rives McDow's informant got confused about Friday vs
|
||||
# Saturday, and that his 2001 dates should have 1 added to them.
|
||||
|
||||
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
|
||||
Rule Mongol 1983 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S
|
||||
Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
|
||||
@@ -1087,8 +1134,9 @@ Rule Mongol 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
|
||||
Rule Mongol 1985 1998 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S
|
||||
Rule Mongol 1984 1998 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
|
||||
# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says Mongolia no longer observes DST.
|
||||
Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr 27 2:00s 1:00 S
|
||||
Rule Mongol 2001 only - Sep 28 2:00s 0 -
|
||||
Rule Mongol 2001 only - Apr lastSat 2:00 1:00 S
|
||||
Rule Mongol 2001 max - Sep lastSat 2:00 0 -
|
||||
Rule Mongol 2002 max - Mar lastSat 2:00 1:00 S
|
||||
|
||||
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
||||
# Hovd, a.k.a. Chovd, Dund-Us, Dzhargalant, Khovd, Jirgalanta
|
||||
@@ -1295,15 +1343,18 @@ Zone Asia/Riyadh 3:06:52 - LMT 1950
|
||||
3:00 - AST
|
||||
|
||||
# Singapore
|
||||
# The data here are taken from Mok Ly Yng (2003-10-30)
|
||||
# <http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/teaching/timezone.html>.
|
||||
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
|
||||
Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:24 - LMT 1880
|
||||
6:55:24 - SMT 1905 Jun # Singapore Mean Time
|
||||
7:00 - MALT 1933 # Malaya Time
|
||||
7:20 - MALT 1942 Feb 15
|
||||
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 2
|
||||
7:20 - MALT 1950
|
||||
Zone Asia/Singapore 6:55:25 - LMT 1901 Jan 1
|
||||
6:55:25 - SMT 1905 Jun 1 # Singapore M.T.
|
||||
7:00 - MALT 1933 Jan 1 # Malaya Time
|
||||
7:00 0:20 MALST 1936 Jan 1
|
||||
7:20 - MALT 1941 Sep 1
|
||||
7:30 - MALT 1942 Feb 16
|
||||
9:00 - JST 1945 Sep 12
|
||||
7:30 - MALT 1965 Aug 9 # independence
|
||||
7:30 - SGT 1982 May # Singapore Time
|
||||
7:30 - SGT 1982 Jan 1 # Singapore Time
|
||||
8:00 - SGT
|
||||
|
||||
# Spratly Is
|
||||
|
||||
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